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boot-wrapper: simple multi module loading support

by Ian Campbell

Apparently kvmarm@ is the place for boot-wrapper discussions so apologies for the otherwise Xen related mail ;) The following implements support for a very basic protocol for loading multiple "modules" and providing them to the kernel. The ARM port of Xen uses this to support passing both a dom0 kernel and initrd to the hypervisor "kernel". The Xen side of this can be found in the series at: http://lists.xen.org/archives/html/xen-devel/2012-09/msg00065.html With that you can boot Xen on arm using the semi-hosting feature of the model (paths are host paths): $MODEL linux-system-semi.axf -C cluster.cpu0.semihosting-cmd_line=\ '--kernel xen-arm.bin \ --module zImage earlyprintk=xenboot console=ttyAMA1 root=/dev/mmcblk0 ro \ --dtb vexpress-v2p-aem-v7a-xen.dtb -- dom0_mem=256M' Until we know what bootloaders are going to become common in the ARM servers world it hard to know who we should be working with to define a proper protocol going forward and which bootloaders to supply patches for etc. If anyone has any pointers that would be very useful. One thing I've been considering is a port of the multiboot protocol[0] used on x86 to ARM. It seems like there is at least the kernel of an idea to port Grub2 to ARM[1] which makes a port of multiboot as well seem like a reasonable thing since grub is the reference implementation of the multiboot spec. Ian. [0] http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/multiboot/multiboot.html [1] https://wiki.linaro.org/OfficeofCTO/Grub2 8<-------------------------------------------- >From bb3c6184beb57ba2649970b8e8568b29c0720294 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell(a)citrix.com> Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2012 14:56:26 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Implement simple multi-module support. This implementation supports up to 2 modules, each with its own command line. --- semi_loader.c | 129 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- semi_loader.h | 16 +++++++- semihosting.h | 7 +++ 3 files changed, 146 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/semi_loader.c b/semi_loader.c index 6677527..348a394 100644 --- a/semi_loader.c +++ b/semi_loader.c @@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ static void _print_info(char const **strings) #define CMDLINE_KERNEL "--kernel" #define CMDLINE_INITRD "--initrd" +#define CMDLINE_MODULE "--module" #define CMDLINE_NOINITRD "--no-initrd" #define CMDLINE_DTB "--dtb" #define CMDLINE_FDT "--fdt" /* deprecated */ @@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ static int _fdt_make_node(void *fdt, int parentoffset, const char *name) static void update_fdt(void **dest, struct loader_info *info) { - int e; + int e, m; int _chosen; void *fdt; uint32_t const *p; @@ -184,6 +185,31 @@ no_add_memory: if(e < 0) goto libfdt_error; + /* XXX this should be a loop & some string munging in lieu of printf */ + if(info->nr_modules > 0) { + if ((e = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, _chosen, "module1-start", + info->module[0].start)) < 0) + goto libfdt_error; + if ((e = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, _chosen, "module1-end", + info->module[0].end)) < 0) + goto libfdt_error; + if ((e = fdt_setprop_string(fdt, _chosen, "module1-args", + info->module[0].args)) < 0) + goto libfdt_error; + } + if(info->nr_modules > 1) { + if ((e = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, _chosen, "module2-start", + info->module[1].start)) < 0) + goto libfdt_error; + if ((e = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, _chosen, "module2-end", + info->module[1].end)) < 0) + goto libfdt_error; + if ((e = fdt_setprop_string(fdt, _chosen, "module2-args", + info->module[1].args)) < 0) + goto libfdt_error; + } + + if(info->initrd_start) { uint32_t initrd_end = info->initrd_start + info->initrd_size; @@ -196,6 +222,12 @@ no_add_memory: goto libfdt_error; } + if (info->nr_modules > 0) { + if ((e = fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, _chosen, "nr-modules", + info->nr_modules)) < 0) + goto libfdt_error; + } + /* success */ /* clean up */ @@ -234,6 +266,18 @@ static void find_space(char **s) *s = t; } +static void find_delim(char **s, char const *delim) +{ + int l = strlen(delim); + char *t = *s; + while (*t) { + if (!strncmp(t, delim, l)) + break; + t++; + } + *s = t; +} + static int match_word(char **s, char const *string) { unsigned l; @@ -260,7 +304,7 @@ static char *match_option(char **s, char const *option_string) return (void *)0; if(!**s) - usage_fatal("Option requires as argument: ", + usage_fatal("Option requires an argument: ", option_string, "\n"); /* otherwise, *s now points to the argument */ @@ -275,6 +319,42 @@ static char *match_option(char **s, char const *option_string) return arg; } +/* Match up to the next -- */ +static int match_module_arg(char **s, + char const *option_string, + int no_more_room, + char **mod, char **args) +{ + char *arg; + if(!match_word(s, option_string)) + return 0; + + if(!**s) + usage_fatal("Option requires an argument: ", + option_string, "\n"); + + if ( no_more_room ) + usage_fatal("Too many modules\n"); + + /* *s points to the module */ + *mod = *s; + + find_space(s); + if(**s) { + *(*s)++ = '\0'; /* null-terminate if necessary */ + skip_space(s); /* skip any remaining space */ + } + + /* Now find the (optional) module arguments */ + arg = *s; + find_delim(s, "--"); + if (**s) + *((*s)-1) = '\0'; /* null-terminate if necessary */ + if (arg != *s) + *args = arg; + return 1; +} + static void load_file_essential(void **dest, char const *filename, unsigned *size, char const *failmsg) { @@ -331,17 +411,23 @@ static char *fdt_arg = (void *)0; static char *dtb_arg = (void *)0; static char *cmdline_arg = (void *)0; static char *noinitrd_arg = (void *)0; +static struct module_arg_t { + char *mod; + char *args; +} module_args[MODULES_MAX]; +int nr_modules = 0; static const struct { char const *option_string; char **argp; - enum { OPT_ARG, OPT_BOOL, OPT_REST } action; + enum { OPT_ARG, OPT_BOOL, OPT_MODULE, OPT_REST } action; } options[] = { { CMDLINE_KERNEL, &kernel_arg, OPT_ARG }, { CMDLINE_INITRD, &initrd_arg, OPT_ARG }, { CMDLINE_NOINITRD, &noinitrd_arg, OPT_BOOL }, { CMDLINE_FDT, &fdt_arg, OPT_ARG }, { CMDLINE_DTB, &dtb_arg, OPT_ARG }, + { CMDLINE_MODULE, NULL, OPT_MODULE }, { CMDLINE_REST, &cmdline_arg, OPT_REST }, }; @@ -391,8 +477,19 @@ void load_kernel(struct loader_info *info) options[i].option_string)) continue; - *options[i].argp = cmdline; - goto args_done; + *options[i].argp = cmdline; + goto args_done; + + case OPT_MODULE: + if (!match_module_arg(&cmdline, + options[i].option_string, + nr_modules >= MODULES_MAX, + &module_args[nr_modules].mod, + &module_args[nr_modules].args)) + continue; + + nr_modules++; + goto next_arg; case OPT_ARG: arg = match_option(&cmdline, @@ -420,6 +517,11 @@ args_done: if(initrd_arg && noinitrd_arg) usage_fatal("Option --initrd conflicts with --no-initrd.\n"); + if (initrd_arg && nr_modules) + usage_fatal("Option --initrd and --modules conflict\n"); + if (noinitrd_arg && nr_modules) + usage_fatal("Option --no-initrd and --modules conflict\n"); + if(fdt_arg) { warn("--fdt is deprecated. Please use --dtb instead.\n"); @@ -462,6 +564,23 @@ args_done: } else usage_fatal("Expected " CMDLINE_KERNEL "\n"); + phys = PHYS_OFFSET + MODULES_OFFSET; + for (i = 0 ; i < nr_modules; i++) + { + unsigned size; + + phys = ALIGN(phys, MODULES_ALIGN); + + info->module[i].start = (unsigned)phys; + + load_file_essential(&phys, module_args[i].mod, &size, + "Failed to load module image"); + info("Loaded module: ", module_args[i].mod, "\n"); + info->module[i].end = (unsigned)phys; + info->module[i].args = module_args[i].args; + } + info->nr_modules = nr_modules; + /* move the kernel to the correct place, if necessary */ correct_kernel_location(info); diff --git a/semi_loader.h b/semi_loader.h index 6d9d565..a3a486a 100644 --- a/semi_loader.h +++ b/semi_loader.h @@ -57,7 +57,11 @@ static const char uImage_magic[] = { #define PHYS_OFFSET 0x80000000 #define PHYS_SIZE 0x80000000 /* can limit on kernel cmdline if necessary */ #define ATAGS_OFFSET 0x100 -#define TEXT_OFFSET 0x200000 +#define TEXT_OFFSET 0x200000 +#define MODULES_OFFSET 0xA00000 + +#define MODULES_ALIGN 0x1000 /* Modules are 4K aligned */ + #define INITRD_OFFSET 0xD00000 /* qemu uses the same random offset */ #define FDT_SIZE_MAX 0x10000 /* maximum size allowed for device tree blob */ @@ -71,6 +75,13 @@ static const char uImage_magic[] = { #define ALIGN_INT(n, size) (((n) + ((size) - 1)) & ~((size) - 1)) #define ALIGN(p, size) ((void *)ALIGN_INT((unsigned)(p), size)) +#define MODULES_MAX 2 +struct module_t { + unsigned start; + unsigned end; + char *args; +}; + struct loader_info { unsigned kernel_size; /* nonzero indicates preloaded kernel size */ unsigned initrd_start; /* start of preloaded initrd, if any */ @@ -78,6 +89,9 @@ struct loader_info { unsigned cmdline_start; /* start of cmdline buffer */ unsigned cmdline_size; + struct module_t module[MODULES_MAX]; + int nr_modules; + /* The remaining fields are set by the loader: */ /* There could be a built-in FDT, but currently that it not supported */ diff --git a/semihosting.h b/semihosting.h index 40817c2..baad318 100644 --- a/semihosting.h +++ b/semihosting.h @@ -45,6 +45,13 @@ void semi_exit(void); /* semi_load_file: *dest is advanced to point to the end of the loaded data */ int semi_load_file(void **dest, unsigned *size, char const *filename); +/* Trigger a break point in the fast model... */ +#define MODEL_BKPT() asm volatile(\ + "mov r0, #0x18;\n /* angel_SWIreason_ReportException */\n"\ + "mov r1, #0x20000;/* 0x20020= ADP_Stopped_BreakPoint */\n"\ + "orr r1, r1, #0x20;\n"\ + "swi 0x123456;\n" ::: "r0", "r1") + #endif /* ! __ASSEMBLER__ */ #endif /* ! SEMIHOSTING_H */ -- 1.7.9.1

12 years, 11 months

Mail System Error - Returned Mail

by nicole.smith＠gemalto.com

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12 years, 12 months

Status

by iccvn＠hn.vnn.vn

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12 years, 12 months

RETURNED MAIL: SEE TRANSCRIPT FOR DETAILS

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13 years

Starting device when connected to power

by Mark Schewe

Hello, I have a question regarding the behavior of a device if it is turned off and then is plugged into power. I want the device to turn on after power plugged in. But I really don't know where to start. I even can't figure out what part of the system (hardware/software) would be responsible for this kind of actions. There must be some event since some devices show 'charging animations'. The device I am currently working with is a rooted Galaxy Nexus. Even if you are not sure, currently every guess would help me to investigate further! Thanks, Mark

13 years

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13 years, 1 month

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13 years, 3 months

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13 years, 3 months

Happy to join linaro

by bharat gohil

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13 years, 3 months

Re: UEFI basic questions

by Asha R

Hi Olivier, Thanks for the clarifications. Q1 and Q2 are not yet clear to me. Please find my response embedded in mail below. Best Regards, Asha On Tue, Mar 27, 2012 at 12:15 AM, Olivier Martin <olivier.martin(a)arm.com>wrote: > Hi Asha,**** > > ** ** > > *Q1: Is UEFI flashed as single binary i.e., PlatformPkg.fd or different > efi's?* > > It really depends of your configuration/platform. UEFI is only a portion > of your boot firmware. Prior to UEFI, you might have one (or more) > additional boot code/firmware.**** > > The EDK2 FDF file will help you to generate a Firmware Device file you can > flash onto your platform Non-Volatile memory (eg: ROM, NAND)**** > > But you can also load single EFI application/driver (EFI binary) from a > UEFI firmware. For instance, if you develop a EFI driver, you do not need > to rebuild the full Platform UEFI firmware. You can load the single EFI > driver.**** > > ** [Asha] > Assuming UEFI binary is flashed to NAND Flash, the Firmware (some bootloader) prior to UEFI will load UEFI binary (xxx.fd) from volatile memory like ROM, NAND to RAM. In this scenario, will the binary xxx.fd be copied to RAM or just the SEC phase of UEFI? > ** > > *Q2. As the code is in ROM (flash), I understand that it must be copied > to RAM for execution. > ** > > Will complete UEFI be copied to RAM or some phase or section wise? > * > > RAM provides much better performance than some other memory storage. Code > can also be run from RAM (at the difference of NAND for instance).**** > > But there is no requirement to copy the code into RAM for execution. It > depends of your platform specification and the choice of the firmware > engineer.**** > > If we take the example of EDK2 code base, the PEI Core (Pre EFI phase) > copies the firmware into DRAM as soon as the System Memory (DRAM) is setup. > **** > > ** [Asha] > Considering EDK2 as example, if PEI core must initialize DRAM, from where will PEI core be executed? From flash? you said "PEI Core (Pre EFI phase) copies the firmware into DRAM " what or which "firmware" is this? Is it DXE? > ** > > *Q3. How does operating system invoke the UEFI Runtime services? * > > The UEFI specification covers this part . See the section “2.3 Calling > Convention“ of the Specification.**** > > ** ** > > *Q4. I read in one of the internet link that other than Timer, there are > no hardware interrupts. > Without hardware interrupt how will the USB kind of device be > recognized? * > > The UEFI drivers can register functions to be called periodically (see the > ‘Boot Services’ Event functions). The USB drivers register periodic > functions that scan if new devices are connected.**** > > ** ** > > I hope that will help you,**** > > Olivier**** > > ** ** > > ** ** > > ** ** > > *From:* boot-architecture-bounces(a)lists.linaro.org [mailto: > boot-architecture-bounces(a)lists.linaro.org] *On Behalf Of *Ryan Harkin > *Sent:* 26 March 2012 16:17 > *To:* Asha R > *Cc:* boot-architecture(a)lists.linaro.org > *Subject:* Re: UEFI basic questions**** > > ** ** > > Hi Asha, > > I don't know the proper answers to all of your questions. I would suggest > that the EDK2 mailing list might give you more detailed answers: > **** > > edk2-devel(a)lists.sourceforge.net > > I think you have to sign up for the list first: > > https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/edk2-devel > > **** > > 2012/3/26 Asha R <rd.asha22(a)gmail.com>**** > > I am new to UEFI and trying to understand working of UEFI on ARM platform. > **** > > On building UEFI, there are different binaries generated for each phase > and also for drivers > eg: platformSec.efi, platformBds.efi and UsbDxe.efi,etc**** > > Q1. Is UEFI flashed as single binary i.e., PlatformPkg.fd or different > efi's? **** > > I flash a single .fd onto my platforms.**** > > Q1. As the code is in ROM (flash), I understand that it must be copied to > RAM for execution. > Will complete UEFI be copied to RAM or some phase or section wise? * > *** > > Q3. How does operating sysetm invoke the UEFI Runtime services? **** > > Q4. I read in one of the internet link that other than Timer, there are no > hardware interrupts. > Without hardware interrupt how will the USB kind of device be > recognized? **** > > UEFI has interrupt support for ARM platforms.**** > > > Regards, > Ryan.**** >

13 years, 4 months

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