boot-architecture

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Re: [PATCH v3 1/2] dt-bindings: firmware: Add binding for SMBIOS /chosen properties

by Ard Biesheuvel

On Fri, 31 Oct 2025 at 09:41, adriana <adriana(a)arista.com> wrote: > > From: Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> > > Signed-off-by: Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> > --- > .../bindings/firmware/linux,smbios-table.yaml | 26 +++++++++++++++++++ > 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+) > create mode 100644 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/firmware/linux,smbios-table.yaml > > diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/firmware/linux,smbios-table.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/firmware/linux,smbios-table.yaml > new file mode 100644 > index 000000000000..b78d8ec6025f > --- /dev/null > +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/firmware/linux,smbios-table.yaml > @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ > +# SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause) > +# Copyright 2025 Arista Networks > +%YAML 1.2 > +--- > +$id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/firmware/linux,smbios-table.yaml# Should the file name reflect the property? I.e., linux,smbios3-table.yaml > +$schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml# > + > +title: Memory location for SMBIOS table > + > +description: | > + This property is used in the /chosen node to pass the physical address > + of SMBIOS (System Management BIOS) or DMI (Desktop Management Interface) > + tables from firmware to the kernel. This is typically used on non-EFI > + platforms like ARM/ARM64. > + 'like ARM/ARM64' is both unnecessary and inaccurate, so better to drop it. > +maintainers: > + - Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> > + - Rob Herring <robh+dt(a)kernel.org> > + > +properties: > + linux,smbios3-table: > + $ref: /schemas/types.yaml#/definitions/uint64 > + description: > + The 64-bit physical address of the SMBIOSv3 entry point structure. > + > +additionalProperties: true > -- > 2.51.0 >

9 months, 3 weeks

Re: [PATCH v2 0/2] DMI: Scan for DMI table from DTS info

by Ard Biesheuvel

On Thu, 23 Oct 2025 at 16:48, Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> wrote: > > On Thu, Oct 23, 2025 at 4:54 PM Ard Biesheuvel <ardb(a)kernel.org> wrote: > > > > (cc Ilias) > > > > On Thu, 23 Oct 2025 at 15:34, Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> wrote: > > > > > > On Thu, Oct 23, 2025 at 11:21 AM Ard Biesheuvel <ardb(a)kernel.org> wrote: > > > > > > > > On Thu, 23 Oct 2025 at 04:21, Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 11:19 PM Rob Herring <robh(a)kernel.org> wrote: > > > > > > > > > > > > On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 04:45:25AM -0700, adriana wrote: > > > > > > > Some bootloaders like U-boot, particularly for the ARM architecture, > > > > > > > provide SMBIOS/DMI tables at a specific memory address. However, these > > > > > > > systems often do not boot using a full UEFI environment, which means the > > > > > > > kernel's standard EFI DMI scanner cannot find these tables. > > > > > > > > > > > > I thought u-boot is a pretty complete UEFI implementation now. If > > > > > > there's standard way for UEFI to provide this, then that's what we > > > > > > should be using. I know supporting this has been discussed in context of > > > > > > EBBR spec, but no one involved in that has been CC'ed here. > > > > > > > > > > Regarding the use of UEFI, the non UEFI boot is used on Broadcom iProc which > > > > > boots initially into a Hardware Security Module which validates U-boot and then > > > > > loads it. This specific path does not utilize U-Boot's UEFI > > > > > implementation or the > > > > > standard UEFI boot services to pass tables like SMBIOS. > > > > > > > > > > > > > What prevents this HSM validated copy of u-boot from loading the kernel via EFI? > > > The vendor's U-Boot configuration for this specific secure boot path > > > (involving the > > > HSM) explicitly disables the CMD_BOOTEFI option due to security > > > mitigations, only > > > a subset of U-boot commands are whitelisted. We could patch the U-boot > > > to include > > > that but it is preferable to follow the vendor's recommandations and > > > just patch U-boot > > > to fill that memory location with SMBIOS address or directly with the > > > entry point. > > > > And what security mitigations are deemed needed for the EFI code? You > > are aware that avoiding EFI boot means that the booting kernel keeps > > all memory protections disabled for longer than it would otherwise. Is > > this allowlisting based on simply minimizing the code footprint? > > > From the information I have, it might be just minimizing the footprint > but the vendor's U-Boot configuration for this specific path > explicitly disables the CMD_BOOTEFI option. While the vendor cites > security mitigations for this configuration, the specific details > could be a set of mitigation removing different boot methods and some > memory access commands. > > The core issue is that this non-EFI boot path is the vendor-validated > configuration. Enabling EFI would deviate from this setup, require > significant revalidation, and could impact vendor support. Modifying > U-Boot to populate the DT is a contained change without modifying the > U-boot vendor configuration. > I'm not sure I follow why changing U-Boot's code would not require revalidation if simply changing its build configuration without modifying the source code would require that. > Beyond our specific vendor constraints, this DT method might be used > by any other non-UEFI arm system needing to expose SMBIOS tables to > the kernel. > Fair point. So let's do this properly: get buy-in from the U-Boot folks and contribute your u-boot changes as well. And ideally, we'd get this into the DMTF spec but if you are not set up for that (I think you might need to be a member to be able to contribute), we can find some ARM folks who are.

10 months

Re: [PATCH v2 0/2] DMI: Scan for DMI table from DTS info

by Ard Biesheuvel

(cc Ilias) On Thu, 23 Oct 2025 at 15:34, Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> wrote: > > On Thu, Oct 23, 2025 at 11:21 AM Ard Biesheuvel <ardb(a)kernel.org> wrote: > > > > On Thu, 23 Oct 2025 at 04:21, Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> wrote: > > > > > > On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 11:19 PM Rob Herring <robh(a)kernel.org> wrote: > > > > > > > > On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 04:45:25AM -0700, adriana wrote: > > > > > Some bootloaders like U-boot, particularly for the ARM architecture, > > > > > provide SMBIOS/DMI tables at a specific memory address. However, these > > > > > systems often do not boot using a full UEFI environment, which means the > > > > > kernel's standard EFI DMI scanner cannot find these tables. > > > > > > > > I thought u-boot is a pretty complete UEFI implementation now. If > > > > there's standard way for UEFI to provide this, then that's what we > > > > should be using. I know supporting this has been discussed in context of > > > > EBBR spec, but no one involved in that has been CC'ed here. > > > > > > Regarding the use of UEFI, the non UEFI boot is used on Broadcom iProc which > > > boots initially into a Hardware Security Module which validates U-boot and then > > > loads it. This specific path does not utilize U-Boot's UEFI > > > implementation or the > > > standard UEFI boot services to pass tables like SMBIOS. > > > > > > > What prevents this HSM validated copy of u-boot from loading the kernel via EFI? > The vendor's U-Boot configuration for this specific secure boot path > (involving the > HSM) explicitly disables the CMD_BOOTEFI option due to security > mitigations, only > a subset of U-boot commands are whitelisted. We could patch the U-boot > to include > that but it is preferable to follow the vendor's recommandations and > just patch U-boot > to fill that memory location with SMBIOS address or directly with the > entry point. And what security mitigations are deemed needed for the EFI code? You are aware that avoiding EFI boot means that the booting kernel keeps all memory protections disabled for longer than it would otherwise. Is this allowlisting based on simply minimizing the code footprint? Introducing a non-standard mechanism means that others will now have to maintain it and coexist with it, rather than simply using the existing code which already fully supports what you are trying to accomplish (both on the bootloader and the kernel side) IOW, in my opinion, simply enabling CMD_BOOTEFI for your bootloader is a much better choice here. I'm not a u-boot expert but as I understand it, loading/authenticating the image and booting it in EFI mode are two separate things, and so the secure boot path would change very little. > > > Because there's no UEFI configuration table available in this boot mode, we need > > > an alternative mechanism to pass the SMBIOS table address to the kernel. The > > > /chosen node seemed like the most straightforward way for the bootloader to > > > communicate this non-discoverable information. > > > > > > I wasn't aware of the EBBR discussions covering this. I've added the > > > boot-architecture and arm.ebbr-discuss lists to the Cc. If there's a preferred > > > EBBR-compliant way to handle this for non-UEFI boots, I'm happy to adapt > > > the approach. > > > > > > > For the record, I don't see a huge problem with accepting SMBIOS > > tables in this manner, but it would be better if a description of this > > method was contributed to the DMTF spec, which currently states that > > the only way to discover SMBIOS tables on non-x86 systems is via the > > SMBIOS/SMBIOS3 EFI configuration tables. Doing so should prevent other > > folks from inventing their own methods for their own vertically > > integrated systems. (Other OSes exist, and from a boot arch PoV, we > > try to avoid these Linux-only shortcuts) > > > > However, the DT method should *only* be used when not booting via > > UEFI, to avoid future surprises, and to ensure that existing OSes > > (including older Linux) can always find the SMBIOS tables when booting > > via UEFI. > > > > Also, I would suggest to pull the entire entrypoint into DT, rather > > than the address in memory of either/both entrypoint(s). Both just > > carry some version fields, and the address of the actual SMBIOS data > > in memory, and the only difference between SMBIOS and SMBIOS3 is the > > size of the address field (32 vs 64 bits) > I understand the points raised about UEFI taking precedence and the > preference for standardization (DMTF). If this DT method is accepted > as a fallback only for non-UEFI boots like this one, the kernel implementation > will respect that precedence. > > Regarding the alternative to place the full SMBIOS entry point structure into > a DT property (as a byte array) instead of just its memory address. Both > approaches seem feasible from the U-Boot side. I opted initially for passing > the address to reuse the existing kernel functions (dmi_smbios3_present and > dmi_present) which already handle mapping and validation of the entry point > read from memory (as done for the EFI case). > Actually, it appears that dmidecode expects the entrypoint data in /sys/firmware/dmi/tables/smbios_entry_point, and so you will need to populate that file in any case, and so pulling it into the DT node is not as useful. But having both SMBIOS and SMBIOS3 is pointless, so please only bother with the latter.

10 months

Re: [PATCH v2 0/2] DMI: Scan for DMI table from DTS info

by Ard Biesheuvel

On Thu, 23 Oct 2025 at 04:21, Adriana Nicolae <adriana(a)arista.com> wrote: > > On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 11:19 PM Rob Herring <robh(a)kernel.org> wrote: > > > > On Wed, Oct 22, 2025 at 04:45:25AM -0700, adriana wrote: > > > Some bootloaders like U-boot, particularly for the ARM architecture, > > > provide SMBIOS/DMI tables at a specific memory address. However, these > > > systems often do not boot using a full UEFI environment, which means the > > > kernel's standard EFI DMI scanner cannot find these tables. > > > > I thought u-boot is a pretty complete UEFI implementation now. If > > there's standard way for UEFI to provide this, then that's what we > > should be using. I know supporting this has been discussed in context of > > EBBR spec, but no one involved in that has been CC'ed here. > > Regarding the use of UEFI, the non UEFI boot is used on Broadcom iProc which > boots initially into a Hardware Security Module which validates U-boot and then > loads it. This specific path does not utilize U-Boot's UEFI > implementation or the > standard UEFI boot services to pass tables like SMBIOS. > What prevents this HSM validated copy of u-boot from loading the kernel via EFI? > Because there's no UEFI configuration table available in this boot mode, we need > an alternative mechanism to pass the SMBIOS table address to the kernel. The > /chosen node seemed like the most straightforward way for the bootloader to > communicate this non-discoverable information. > > I wasn't aware of the EBBR discussions covering this. I've added the > boot-architecture and arm.ebbr-discuss lists to the Cc. If there's a preferred > EBBR-compliant way to handle this for non-UEFI boots, I'm happy to adapt > the approach. > For the record, I don't see a huge problem with accepting SMBIOS tables in this manner, but it would be better if a description of this method was contributed to the DMTF spec, which currently states that the only way to discover SMBIOS tables on non-x86 systems is via the SMBIOS/SMBIOS3 EFI configuration tables. Doing so should prevent other folks from inventing their own methods for their own vertically integrated systems. (Other OSes exist, and from a boot arch PoV, we try to avoid these Linux-only shortcuts) However, the DT method should *only* be used when not booting via UEFI, to avoid future surprises, and to ensure that existing OSes (including older Linux) can always find the SMBIOS tables when booting via UEFI. Also, I would suggest to pull the entire entrypoint into DT, rather than the address in memory of either/both entrypoint(s). Both just carry some version fields, and the address of the actual SMBIOS data in memory, and the only difference between SMBIOS and SMBIOS3 is the size of the address field (32 vs 64 bits)

10 months

EBBR call today Oct 22

by Vincent Stehlé

Dear EBBR contributors, We will have our EBBR call today, Oct 22 at 14:00 BST (13:00 UTC). [1] We have two pull requests on the agenda [2]: - Pull request #142: SCMI requirements - Pull request #148: Fix bibliography alignment for PDF and HTML We will use this pad [3] for the meeting notes. Feel free to add to the agenda, directly on the wiki page, by e-mail or on the pad. Best regards, Vincent Stehlé System Architect - Arm [1] https://armltd.zoom.us/j/92081365511?pwd=SFZpRitXUEp3Zy9GM0h3UUZ1b1pnUT09 [2] https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/wiki/EBBR-Meetings [3] https://mensuel.framapad.org/p/ebbr-call-of-oct-22-ahgu?lang=en #142: https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/pull/142 #148: https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/pull/148

10 months

EBBR call today Oct 8

by Vincent Stehlé

Dear EBBR contributors, We will have our EBBR call today, Oct 8 at 14:00 BST (13:00 UTC). [1] We have mostly one pull request on the agenda [2]: - Pull request #142: SCMI requirements This is less important but if time permits, we can also discuss this second pull request: - Pull request #148: Fix bibliography alignment for PDF and HTML We will use this pad [3] for the meeting notes. Feel free to add to the agenda, directly on the wiki page, by e-mail or on the pad. Best regards, Vincent Stehlé System Architect - Arm [1] https://armltd.zoom.us/j/92081365511?pwd=SFZpRitXUEp3Zy9GM0h3UUZ1b1pnUT09 [2] https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/wiki/EBBR-Meetings [3] https://mensuel.framapad.org/p/ebbr-call-of-oct-8-ah7i?lang=en #142: https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/pull/142 #148: https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/pull/148

10 months, 2 weeks

DT relevance

by ff

Dear fellow firmware aficionados, Static ACPI has been adopted by Mercedes and other silicon vendors to: - meet the safety requirements - stay away from DT lifecycle issues - leverage chiplet and CXL bindings - truly multi-host/hypervisor (or even secure/no-secure should people want it) as bindings are defined in an ad-hoc forum (not by an OS community) DT community leaders and enthusiasts, I believe discussion on the bigger picture related to DT relevance in the long run may be needed as I believe many embedded solutions will follow Mercedes example. Constructively yours, François-Frédéric PS: static ACPI can be handled by a simple parser, do not execute any ACPI byte code, is findable by EFI tables, code base is even smaller than libfdt.

10 months, 3 weeks

EBBR call today Sep 24

by Vincent Stehlé

Dear EBBR contributors, We will have our EBBR call today, Sep 24 at 14:00 BST (13:00 UTC). [1] We have a single topic on the agenda [2]: - Pull request #142: SCMI requirements (was: "Conditionally require SCMI 2.x, x >= 1 recommended") Feel free to add to the agenda, directly on the wiki page, by e-mail or on the pad. We will use this pad [3] for the meeting notes. Best regards, Vincent Stehlé System Architect - Arm [1] https://armltd.zoom.us/j/92081365511?pwd=SFZpRitXUEp3Zy9GM0h3UUZ1b1pnUT09 [2] https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/wiki/EBBR-Meetings [3] https://mensuel.framapad.org/p/ebbr-call-of-sep-24-agy7?lang=en #142: https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/pull/142

11 months

EBBR call today Sep 10

by Vincent Stehlé

Dear EBBR contributors, We will have our EBBR call today, Sep 10 at 14:00 BST (13:00 UTC). [1] We have a single topic on the agenda for now [2]: - Pull request #144: PFDI requirements Heinrich, do you want to add your pull request as well? - Pull request #147: chapter3: raise RISC-V SBI requirement In all cases, feel free to add to the agenda, directly on the wiki page, by e-mail or on the pad. We will use this pad [3] for the meeting notes. Best regards, Vincent Stehlé System Architect - Arm [1] https://armltd.zoom.us/j/92081365511?pwd=SFZpRitXUEp3Zy9GM0h3UUZ1b1pnUT09 [2] https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/wiki/EBBR-Meetings [3] https://mensuel.framapad.org/p/ebbr-call-of-sep-10-agou?lang=en #144: https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/pull/144 #147: https://github.com/ARM-software/ebbr/pull/147

11 months, 2 weeks

Fwd: [devicetree-org/dt-schema] schemas: chosen: document devicetree-path property (PR #167)

by Rob Herring

Posting to boot-architecture list for more visibility. ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Casey Connolly <notifications(a)github.com> Date: Mon, Jun 30, 2025 at 12:33 PM Subject: [devicetree-org/dt-schema] schemas: chosen: document devicetree-path property (PR #167) To: devicetree-org/dt-schema <dt-schema(a)noreply.github.com> Cc: Subscribed <subscribed(a)noreply.github.com> Background With more and more laptops, dev boards, and other products shipping with both an EFI capable bootloader and relying on devicetree, there is an increasing problem with trying to ensure that a devicetree is loaded and that it will work with the kernel/OS version being booted. This is less of an issue on vertically integrated embedded platforms, but with ARM SystemReady gaining prevalence and the abundance of cheap dev boards there is a growing desire to boot generic OS installer/disk images on these devices. In some cases the platform doesn't see many devicetree changes and works well with a range of kernel versions, the board can just provide it's own devicetree in firmware and it will work just fine. However there are many platforms where this is not the case, unintentional breaking changes can be made to drivers or DT, or new features being enabled can break compatibility with older kernels. In these cases, the best way to maximise the chance that the generic OS image will boot is if it can load the devicetree blob which was installed alongside the kernel (something most mainstream distros do). To enable this there has to be a consistent way to determine which dtb (and overlays) were embedded into the firmware provided devicetree. This new property enables exactly this usecase by making it possible to embed the information into the dtb itself at build time. A proposed implementation of this for U-Boot is available here 1. The devicetree paths are all appended to some versioned prefix (typically the kernel version) which would be known by the OS loader when you choose a version to boot. Prior effort Previous attempts have been made to work around the issue of DTB loading, U-Boot attempts to search some well-known (unversioned) paths on the ESP using it's internal fdtfile variable (which has to be constructed in a platform specific way, see below). This has mixed results and doesn't work on distros like Fedora and Debian which install dtbs to version-specific subdirectories. On the EFI laptop side (where they don't provide any DTB) the dtbloader EFI driver effectively implements the same logic as U-Boot, guessing generic paths and using an internal unreliable map of SMBIOS hardware IDs to file paths, this has been the go-to for many folks for a while now but it's clear that it doesn't scale and that distros won't be keep to ship it. It gets more complicated when you consider secureboot as well which would require signing the driver. File path as API This proposed solution does have a potential stumbling block, as it effectively cements the idea that the dtb path is API. I believe this is a bridge that was already crossed long ago when extlinux and later GRUB and systemd-boot gained a way to specify a devicetree blob to load, since all distros use the upstream file naming, any renames already potentially cause devices to become unbootable after a kernel upgrade... That being said, it's clear that the current way files are named is often arbitrary and definitely inconsistent. I would propose a solution like enforcing a way to convert between the root compatible property and the file path, this provides consistency and removes the need to store this arbitrary additional data needed to locate the dtb on the ESP during boot. An ugly attempt to best-effort this conversion for Qualcomm boards today can be found at 2. Why not store this data elsewhere? There are quite a few benefits to putting this in the DTB itself. It makes it possible to have a generic bootloader binary which gets the DTB in an implementation-specific way, it avoids having to hard-code the data. On devices that have an EFI which doesn't provide a DTB, a driver can be installed once on the ESP which installs a stub DT just containing these properties, so that the OS loader can use them. It isn't EFI specific, extlinux or other boot methods can make use of this. This is metadata which belongs with the DTB, it can be inserted at build time or at runtime, or even augmented to add additional overlays at runtime should the implementation require that. All in all, a generic mechanism for bootloaders and OS loaders to load a dtb and overlays from the ESP (or other arbitrary storage mechanism) is needed, and there doesn't seem to be another place to put it. Why not FIT? The FIT format has it's uses in embedded applications, but the only way it could be applied here would be to use it as the way to index /all/ of the available DTBs, in a generic ARM64 Fedora or Debian image there are thousands of these. In addition, while matching by compatible property may work for the base DTB, it doesn't work for overlays. And of course, using FIT for this would require changing how DTBs are installed and packaged, this would be hugely disruptive and introduce a myriad of additional problems. cc @poettering @apalos ________________________________ You can view, comment on, or merge this pull request online at: https://github.com/devicetree-org/dt-schema/pull/167 Commit Summary bb9677f schemas: chosen: document devicetree-path property File Changes (1 file) M dtschema/schemas/chosen.yaml (22) Patch Links: https://github.com/devicetree-org/dt-schema/pull/167.patch https://github.com/devicetree-org/dt-schema/pull/167.diff — Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub, or unsubscribe. You are receiving this because you are subscribed to this thread.Message ID: <devicetree-org/dt-schema/pull/167(a)github.com>

11 months, 2 weeks

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