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2 weeks, 5 days

[PATCH v5 0/2] dma-buf: heaps: system: add an option to allocate explicitly shared/decrypted memory

by Jiri Pirko

From: Jiri Pirko <jiri(a)nvidia.com> Confidential computing (CoCo) VMs/guests, such as AMD SEV and Intel TDX, run with private/encrypted memory which creates a challenge for devices that do not support DMA to it (no TDISP support). For kernel-only DMA operations, swiotlb bounce buffering provides a transparent solution by copying data through shared memory. However, the only way to get this memory into userspace is via the DMA API's dma_alloc_pages()/dma_mmap_pages() type interfaces which limits the use of the memory to a single DMA device, and is incompatible with pin_user_pages(). These limitations are particularly problematic for the RDMA subsystem which makes heavy use of pin_user_pages() and expects flexible memory usage between many different DMA devices. This patch series enables userspace to explicitly request shared (decrypted) memory allocations from new dma-buf system_cc_shared heap. Userspace can mmap this memory and pass the dma-buf fd to other existing importers such as RDMA or DRM devices to access the memory. The DMA API is improved to allow the dma heap exporter to DMA map the shared memory to each importing device. Based on dma-mapping-for-next e7442a68cd1ee797b585f045d348781e9c0dde0d Jiri Pirko (2): dma-mapping: introduce DMA_ATTR_CC_SHARED for shared memory dma-buf: heaps: system: add system_cc_shared heap for explicitly shared memory drivers/dma-buf/heaps/system_heap.c | 103 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- include/linux/dma-mapping.h | 10 +++ include/trace/events/dma.h | 3 +- kernel/dma/direct.h | 14 +++- kernel/dma/mapping.c | 13 +++- 5 files changed, 132 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) -- 2.51.1

2 weeks, 5 days

What's Wave Rider game?

by Leo Enda

Wave Rider surprised me more than I expected. The game looks simple at first, but once the speed increases and the waves become unstable, every run starts feeling intense. Unlike many endless runner games that rely only on fast movement, Wave Rider creates pressure through unpredictable water physics and constantly changing obstacle patterns. Play Wave Rider online at https://wave-rider.io The gameplay is built around survival. Your board moves forward automatically while you focus on steering through dangerous sections of water. Floating barriers, underwater mines, sharp turns, and narrow lanes appear quickly, forcing players to react within seconds. What I liked most is how the game balances smooth surfing movement with sudden moments of chaos. Sometimes the water feels calm, then everything changes when multiple obstacles appear together. Wave Rider also rewards risky decisions. Pearls are often hidden near dangerous routes, making players choose between safe movement and higher scores. I found myself taking bigger risks after every run just to see how far I could push the distance counter. The durability system adds even more tension because repeated small crashes slowly reduce your chance of surviving longer sessions. Game Controls Left Arrow / A: Move left Right Arrow / D: Move right Spacebar or Up Arrow: Jump or glide over obstacles The controls are easy to learn, but mastering the timing takes practice. Quick reactions help, but smooth movement and patience usually lead to better runs. Players who panic and change direction too aggressively often crash faster than expected. Overall, Wave Rider feels like a solid arcade experience for anyone who enjoys reaction-based gameplay. The combination of flowing water, rising speed, and nonstop danger makes every session feel fresh and competitive.

2 weeks, 6 days

[PATCH v4] drm/virtio: use uninterruptible resv lock for plane updates

by Deepanshu Kartikey

virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update() and virtio_gpu_resource_flush() lock the framebuffer BO's dma_resv via virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv() and ignore its return value. The function can fail with -EINTR from dma_resv_lock_interruptible() (signal during lock wait) or with -ENOMEM from dma_resv_reserve_fences() (fence slot allocation), leaving the resv lock not held. The queue path then walks the object array and calls dma_resv_add_fence(), which requires the lock held; with lockdep enabled this trips dma_resv_assert_held(): WARNING: drivers/dma-buf/dma-resv.c:296 at dma_resv_add_fence+0x71e/0x840 Call Trace: virtio_gpu_array_add_fence virtio_gpu_queue_ctrl_sgs virtio_gpu_queue_fenced_ctrl_buffer virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update drm_atomic_helper_commit_planes drm_atomic_helper_commit_tail commit_tail drm_atomic_helper_commit drm_atomic_commit drm_atomic_helper_update_plane __setplane_atomic drm_mode_cursor_universal drm_mode_cursor_common drm_mode_cursor_ioctl drm_ioctl __x64_sys_ioctl Beyond the WARN, mutating the dma_resv fence list without the lock races with concurrent readers/writers and can corrupt the list. Both call sites run inside the .atomic_update plane callback, which DRM atomic helpers do not allow to fail (by the time it runs, the commit has been signed off to userspace and there is no clean rollback path). Moving the lock acquisition to .prepare_fb was rejected because the broader lock scope deadlocks against other BO locking paths in the same atomic commit. Introduce virtio_gpu_lock_one_resv_uninterruptible() that uses dma_resv_lock() instead of dma_resv_lock_interruptible(). This eliminates the -EINTR failure mode -- the realistic syzbot trigger -- without extending the lock hold across the commit. The helper locks a single BO and rejects nents > 1 with -EINVAL; both fix sites lock exactly one BO. Use it from virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update() and virtio_gpu_resource_flush(); check the return value to handle the remaining -ENOMEM case from dma_resv_reserve_fences() by freeing the objs and skipping the plane update for that frame. The framebuffer BOs touched here are not shared with other contexts and lock contention is expected to be brief, so the loss of signal-interruptibility is acceptable. Other callers of virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv() (the ioctl paths) continue to use the interruptible variant. The bug was reported by syzbot, triggered via fault injection (fail_nth) on the DRM_IOCTL_MODE_CURSOR path, which forces the -ENOMEM branch in dma_resv_reserve_fences(). Reported-by: syzbot+72bd3dd3a5d5f39a0271(a)syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=72bd3dd3a5d5f39a0271 Fixes: 5cfd31c5b3a3 ("drm/virtio: fix virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update().") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Deepanshu Kartikey <kartikey406(a)gmail.com> --- v4: Rename the helper to virtio_gpu_lock_one_resv_uninterruptible() and reject objs->nents > 1 with -EINVAL. The v3 helper's multi-object branch used drm_gem_lock_reservations(), which is interruptible, contradicting the "uninterruptible" name; both fix sites lock a single BO so the multi-object path is dropped. (Dmitry Osipenko) v3: Drop the prepare_fb/cleanup_fb approach from v2 (it deadlocked against virtio_gpu_resource_flush(), which also locks the BO in the same atomic commit). Instead add an uninterruptible variant of the resv lock helper and use it in both virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update() and virtio_gpu_resource_flush(). (Dmitry Osipenko) v2: Move resv lock acquisition from .atomic_update (which must not fail) to .prepare_fb (which may), per maintainer review of v1. The v1 approach of silently skipping the cursor update on lock failure violated the atomic-commit contract with userspace. --- drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_drv.h | 1 + drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_gem.c | 17 +++++++++++++++++ drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c | 10 ++++++++-- 3 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_drv.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_drv.h index f17660a71a3e..2f3531950aa4 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_drv.h +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_drv.h @@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ virtio_gpu_array_from_handles(struct drm_file *drm_file, u32 *handles, u32 nents void virtio_gpu_array_add_obj(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs, struct drm_gem_object *obj); int virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs); +int virtio_gpu_lock_one_resv_uninterruptible(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs); void virtio_gpu_array_unlock_resv(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs); void virtio_gpu_array_add_fence(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs, struct dma_fence *fence); diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_gem.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_gem.c index f22dc5c21cd4..435d37d36034 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_gem.c +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_gem.c @@ -238,6 +238,23 @@ int virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs) return ret; } +int virtio_gpu_lock_one_resv_uninterruptible(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs) +{ + int ret; + + if (objs->nents != 1) + return -EINVAL; + + dma_resv_lock(objs->objs[0]->resv, NULL); + + ret = dma_resv_reserve_fences(objs->objs[0]->resv, 1); + if (ret) { + virtio_gpu_array_unlock_resv(objs); + return ret; + } + return 0; +} + void virtio_gpu_array_unlock_resv(struct virtio_gpu_object_array *objs) { if (objs->nents == 1) { diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c index a126d1b25f46..652352424744 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c @@ -215,7 +215,10 @@ static void virtio_gpu_resource_flush(struct drm_plane *plane, if (!objs) return; virtio_gpu_array_add_obj(objs, vgfb->base.obj[0]); - virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv(objs); + if (virtio_gpu_lock_one_resv_uninterruptible(objs)) { + virtio_gpu_array_put_free(objs); + return; + } virtio_gpu_cmd_resource_flush(vgdev, bo->hw_res_handle, x, y, width, height, objs, vgplane_st->fence); @@ -459,7 +462,10 @@ static void virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update(struct drm_plane *plane, if (!objs) return; virtio_gpu_array_add_obj(objs, vgfb->base.obj[0]); - virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv(objs); + if (virtio_gpu_lock_one_resv_uninterruptible(objs)) { + virtio_gpu_array_put_free(objs); + return; + } virtio_gpu_cmd_transfer_to_host_2d (vgdev, 0, plane->state->crtc_w, -- 2.43.0

2 weeks, 6 days

[PATCH V1] Revert "accel/amdxdna: Support read-only user-pointer BO mappings"

by Lizhi Hou

This reverts commit f649e63d4a6423eda8eb208638849fd6396aedd7. The read-only feature requires further consideration. Signed-off-by: Lizhi Hou <lizhi.hou(a)amd.com> --- drivers/accel/amdxdna/amdxdna_ubuf.c | 29 ++-------------------------- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/accel/amdxdna/amdxdna_ubuf.c b/drivers/accel/amdxdna/amdxdna_ubuf.c index 3769210c55cc..4c0647057759 100644 --- a/drivers/accel/amdxdna/amdxdna_ubuf.c +++ b/drivers/accel/amdxdna/amdxdna_ubuf.c @@ -125,26 +125,6 @@ static const struct dma_buf_ops amdxdna_ubuf_dmabuf_ops = { .vunmap = amdxdna_ubuf_vunmap, }; -static int readonly_va_entry(struct amdxdna_drm_va_entry *va_ent) -{ - struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm; - struct vm_area_struct *vma; - int ret; - - mmap_read_lock(mm); - - vma = find_vma(mm, va_ent->vaddr); - if (!vma || - vma->vm_start > va_ent->vaddr || - vma->vm_end - va_ent->vaddr < va_ent->len) - ret = -ENOENT; - else - ret = vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE ? 0 : 1; - - mmap_read_unlock(mm); - return ret; -} - struct dma_buf *amdxdna_get_ubuf(struct drm_device *dev, u32 num_entries, void __user *va_entries) { @@ -154,7 +134,6 @@ struct dma_buf *amdxdna_get_ubuf(struct drm_device *dev, struct amdxdna_ubuf_priv *ubuf; u32 npages, start = 0; struct dma_buf *dbuf; - bool readonly = true; int i, ret; DEFINE_DMA_BUF_EXPORT_INFO(exp_info); @@ -193,10 +172,6 @@ struct dma_buf *amdxdna_get_ubuf(struct drm_device *dev, ret = -EINVAL; goto free_ent; } - - /* Pin pages as writable as long as not all entries are read-only. */ - if (readonly && readonly_va_entry(&va_ent[i]) != 1) - readonly = false; } ubuf->nr_pages = exp_info.size >> PAGE_SHIFT; @@ -219,7 +194,7 @@ struct dma_buf *amdxdna_get_ubuf(struct drm_device *dev, npages = va_ent[i].len >> PAGE_SHIFT; ret = pin_user_pages_fast(va_ent[i].vaddr, npages, - (readonly ? 0 : FOLL_WRITE) | FOLL_LONGTERM, + FOLL_WRITE | FOLL_LONGTERM, &ubuf->pages[start]); if (ret >= 0) { start += ret; @@ -236,7 +211,7 @@ struct dma_buf *amdxdna_get_ubuf(struct drm_device *dev, exp_info.ops = &amdxdna_ubuf_dmabuf_ops; exp_info.priv = ubuf; - exp_info.flags = (readonly ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR) | O_CLOEXEC; + exp_info.flags = O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC; dbuf = dma_buf_export(&exp_info); if (IS_ERR(dbuf)) { -- 2.34.1

2 weeks, 6 days

About five nights at freddy's 2 game

by lindanina1199＠gmail.com

In FNAF 2, players work as a night security guard at Freddy Fazbear’s Pizza, a children’s restaurant filled with animatronic characters. Unlike normal robots, these animatronics become dangerous at night and try to attack anyone they see. The player must survive from midnight until 6 a.m. by monitoring security cameras, using a flashlight, and wearing a Freddy Fazbear mask to trick the animatronics. Play now: https://fnaf-2.io

2 weeks, 6 days

[PATCH] dma-buf: set SB_I_NOEXEC on the pseudo filesystem

by John Hubbard

The dma-buf pseudo filesystem dispenses S_ANON_INODE inodes via alloc_anon_inode() but never sets SB_I_NOEXEC on its superblock. Since commit 1e7ab6f67824 ("anon_inode: rework assertions") in 6.17, path_noexec() warns on exactly that combination, so an mmap() on any dma-buf fd trips the warning: WARNING: CPU: 11 PID: 121813 at fs/exec.c:118 path_noexec+0x47/0x50 do_mmap+0x2b5/0x680 vm_mmap_pgoff+0x129/0x210 ksys_mmap_pgoff+0x177/0x240 __x64_sys_mmap+0x33/0x70 dma-bufs have no business being executable, which is the invariant that the new assertion is enforcing. Set SB_I_NOEXEC on the dmabuf superblock. Reproducer on a CONFIG_DEBUG_VFS=y kernel: make -C tools/testing/selftests/dmabuf-heaps sudo ./tools/testing/selftests/dmabuf-heaps/dmabuf-heap -t system The selftest allocates from /dev/dma_heap/system and mmaps the returned fd, which trips the warning without this patch. Fixes: 1e7ab6f67824 ("anon_inode: rework assertions") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard(a)nvidia.com> --- drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c b/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c index 71f37544a5c6..d86a99d7b8dc 100644 --- a/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c +++ b/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c @@ -216,6 +216,7 @@ static int dma_buf_fs_init_context(struct fs_context *fc) if (!ctx) return -ENOMEM; ctx->dops = &dma_buf_dentry_ops; + fc->s_iflags |= SB_I_NOEXEC; return 0; } -- 2.54.0

2 weeks, 6 days

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2 weeks, 6 days

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2 weeks, 6 days

[PATCH v5 0/4] dma-buf: heaps: Turn heaps into modules

by Maxime Ripard

Hi, The recent introduction of heaps in the optee driver [1] made possible the creation of heaps as modules. It's generally a good idea if possible, including for the already existing system and CMA heaps. The system one is pretty trivial, the CMA is now easy too with the reworks we got in 7.1-r1. Let me know what you think, Maxime 1: https://lore.kernel.org/dri-devel/20250911135007.1275833-4-jens.wiklander@l… Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <mripard(a)kernel.org> --- Changes in v5: - Rebase on 7.1-rc1 - Add a patch to enable the heaps in arm64 defconfig - Link to v4: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260331-dma-buf-heaps-as-modules-v4-0-e18fda5044… Changes in v4: - Fix compilation failure - Rework to take into account OF_RESERVED_MEM - Fix regression making the default CMA area disappear if not created through the DT - Added some documentation and comments - Link to v3: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260303-dma-buf-heaps-as-modules-v3-0-24344812c7… Changes in v3: - Squashed cma_get_name and cma_alloc/release patches - Fixed typo in Export dev_get_cma_area commit title - Fixed compilation failure with DMA_CMA but not OF_RESERVED_MEM - Link to v2: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260227-dma-buf-heaps-as-modules-v2-0-454aee7e06… Changes in v2: - Collect tags - Don't export dma_contiguous_default_area anymore, but export dev_get_cma_area instead - Mentioned that heap modules can't be removed - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260225-dma-buf-heaps-as-modules-v1-0-2109225a09… --- Maxime Ripard (4): dma-buf: heaps: Export mem_accounting parameter dma-buf: heaps: cma: Turn the heap into a module dma-buf: heaps: system: Turn the heap into a module arm64: defconfig: Enable dma-buf heaps arch/arm64/configs/defconfig | 3 +++ drivers/dma-buf/dma-heap.c | 1 + drivers/dma-buf/heaps/Kconfig | 4 ++-- drivers/dma-buf/heaps/cma_heap.c | 3 +++ drivers/dma-buf/heaps/system_heap.c | 5 +++++ 5 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) --- base-commit: 5e9b7d093f3f77cb0af4409559e3d139babfb443 change-id: 20260225-dma-buf-heaps-as-modules-1034b3ec9f2a Best regards, -- Maxime Ripard <mripard(a)kernel.org>

2 weeks, 6 days

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