- Linux-kselftest-mirror - lists.linaro.org

[PATCH net-next] selftests: drv-net: replace the nsim ring test with a drv-net one

by Jakub Kicinski

We are trying to move away from netdevsim-only tests and towards tests which can be run both against netdevsim and real drivers. Replace the simple bash script we have for checking ethtool -g/-G on netdevsim with a Python test tweaking those params as well as channel count. The new test is not exactly equivalent to the netdevsim one, but real drivers don't often support random ring sizes, let alone modifying max values via debugfs. Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba(a)kernel.org> --- CC: andrew(a)lunn.ch CC: shuah(a)kernel.org CC: linux-kselftest(a)vger.kernel.org --- .../drivers/net/netdevsim/ethtool-ring.sh | 85 --------- .../selftests/drivers/net/ring_reconfig.py | 167 ++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 167 insertions(+), 85 deletions(-) delete mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netdevsim/ethtool-ring.sh create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/ring_reconfig.py diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netdevsim/ethtool-ring.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netdevsim/ethtool-ring.sh deleted file mode 100755 index c969559ffa7a..000000000000 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netdevsim/ethtool-ring.sh +++ /dev/null @@ -1,85 +0,0 @@ -#!/bin/bash -# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only - -source ethtool-common.sh - -function get_value { - local query="${SETTINGS_MAP[$1]}" - - echo $(ethtool -g $NSIM_NETDEV | \ - tail -n +$CURR_SETT_LINE | \ - awk -F':' -v pattern="$query:" '$0 ~ pattern {gsub(/[\t ]/, "", $2); print $2}') -} - -function update_current_settings { - for key in ${!SETTINGS_MAP[@]}; do - CURRENT_SETTINGS[$key]=$(get_value $key) - done - echo ${CURRENT_SETTINGS[@]} -} - -if ! ethtool -h | grep -q set-ring >/dev/null; then - echo "SKIP: No --set-ring support in ethtool" - exit 4 -fi - -NSIM_NETDEV=$(make_netdev) - -set -o pipefail - -declare -A SETTINGS_MAP=( - ["rx"]="RX" - ["rx-mini"]="RX Mini" - ["rx-jumbo"]="RX Jumbo" - ["tx"]="TX" -) - -declare -A EXPECTED_SETTINGS=( - ["rx"]="" - ["rx-mini"]="" - ["rx-jumbo"]="" - ["tx"]="" -) - -declare -A CURRENT_SETTINGS=( - ["rx"]="" - ["rx-mini"]="" - ["rx-jumbo"]="" - ["tx"]="" -) - -MAX_VALUE=$((RANDOM % $((2**32-1)))) -RING_MAX_LIST=$(ls $NSIM_DEV_DFS/ethtool/ring/) - -for ring_max_entry in $RING_MAX_LIST; do - echo $MAX_VALUE > $NSIM_DEV_DFS/ethtool/ring/$ring_max_entry -done - -CURR_SETT_LINE=$(ethtool -g $NSIM_NETDEV | grep -i -m1 -n 'Current hardware settings' | cut -f1 -d:) - -# populate the expected settings map -for key in ${!SETTINGS_MAP[@]}; do - EXPECTED_SETTINGS[$key]=$(get_value $key) -done - -# test -for key in ${!SETTINGS_MAP[@]}; do - value=$((RANDOM % $MAX_VALUE)) - - ethtool -G $NSIM_NETDEV "$key" "$value" - - EXPECTED_SETTINGS[$key]="$value" - expected=${EXPECTED_SETTINGS[@]} - current=$(update_current_settings) - - check $? "$current" "$expected" - set +x -done - -if [ $num_errors -eq 0 ]; then - echo "PASSED all $((num_passes)) checks" - exit 0 -else - echo "FAILED $num_errors/$((num_errors+num_passes)) checks" - exit 1 -fi diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/ring_reconfig.py b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/ring_reconfig.py new file mode 100755 index 000000000000..2251efe63014 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/ring_reconfig.py @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +""" +Test channel and ring size configuration via ethtool (-L / -G). +""" + +from lib.py import ksft_run, ksft_exit, ksft_pr +from lib.py import ksft_eq +from lib.py import NetDrvEpEnv, EthtoolFamily, GenerateTraffic +from lib.py import defer, NlError + + +def channels(cfg) -> None: + """ + Twiddle channel counts in various combinations of parameters. + We're only looking for driver adhering to the requested config + if the config is accepted and crashes. + """ + ehdr = {'header':{'dev-index': cfg.ifindex}} + chans = cfg.eth.channels_get(ehdr) + + all_keys = ["rx", "tx", "combined"] + mixes = [{"combined"}, {"rx", "tx"}, {"rx", "combined"}, {"tx", "combined"}, + {"rx", "tx", "combined"},] + + # Get the set of keys that device actually supports + restore = {} + supported = set() + for key in all_keys: + if key + "-max" in chans: + supported.add(key) + restore |= {key + "-count": chans[key + "-count"]} + + defer(cfg.eth.channels_set, ehdr | restore) + + def test_config(config): + try: + cfg.eth.channels_set(ehdr | config) + get = cfg.eth.channels_get(ehdr) + for k, v in config.items(): + ksft_eq(get.get(k, 0), v) + except NlError as e: + failed.append(mix) + ksft_pr("Can't set", config, e) + else: + ksft_pr("Okay", config) + + failed = [] + for mix in mixes: + if not mix.issubset(supported): + continue + + # Set all the values in the mix to 1, other supported to 0 + config = {} + for key in all_keys: + config[key + "-count"] = 1 if key in mix else 0 + test_config(config) + + for mix in mixes: + if not mix.issubset(supported): + continue + if mix in failed: + continue + + # Set all the values in the mix to max, other supported to 0 + config = {} + for key in all_keys: + config[key + "-count"] = chans[key + '-max'] if key in mix else 0 + test_config(config) + + +def _configure_min_ring_cnt(cfg) -> None: + """ Try to configure a single Rx/Tx ring. """ + ehdr = {'header':{'dev-index': cfg.ifindex}} + chans = cfg.eth.channels_get(ehdr) + + all_keys = ["rx-count", "tx-count", "combined-count"] + restore = {} + config = {} + for key in all_keys: + if key in chans: + restore[key] = chans[key] + config[key] = 0 + + if chans.get('combined-count', 0) > 1: + config['combined-count'] = 1 + elif chans.get('rx-count', 0) > 1 and chans.get('tx-count', 0) > 1: + config['tx-count'] = 1 + config['rx-count'] = 1 + else: + # looks like we're already on 1 channel + return + + cfg.eth.channels_set(ehdr | config) + defer(cfg.eth.channels_set, ehdr | restore) + + +def ringparam(cfg) -> None: + """ + Tweak the ringparam configuration. Try to run some traffic over min + ring size to make sure it actually functions. + """ + ehdr = {'header':{'dev-index': cfg.ifindex}} + rings = cfg.eth.rings_get(ehdr) + + restore = {} + maxes = {} + params = set() + for key in rings.keys(): + if 'max' in key: + param = key[:-4] + maxes[param] = rings[key] + params.add(param) + restore[param] = rings[param] + + defer(cfg.eth.rings_set, ehdr | restore) + + # Speed up the reconfig by configuring just one ring + _configure_min_ring_cnt(cfg) + + # Try to reach min on all settings + for param in params: + val = rings[param] + while True: + try: + cfg.eth.rings_set({'header':{'dev-index': cfg.ifindex}, + param: val // 2}) + val //= 2 + if val <= 1: + break + except NlError: + break + + get = cfg.eth.rings_get(ehdr) + ksft_eq(get[param], val) + + ksft_pr(f"Reached min for '{param}' at {val} (max {rings[param]})") + + GenerateTraffic(cfg).wait_pkts_and_stop(50000) + + # Try max across all params, if the driver supports large rings + # this may OOM so we ignore errors + try: + ksft_pr("Applying max settings") + config = {p: maxes[p] for p in params} + cfg.eth.rings_set(ehdr | config) + except NlError as e: + ksft_pr("Can't set max params", config, e) + else: + GenerateTraffic(cfg).wait_pkts_and_stop(50000) + + +def main() -> None: + """ Ksft boiler plate main """ + + with NetDrvEpEnv(__file__) as cfg: + cfg.eth = EthtoolFamily() + + ksft_run([channels, + ringparam], + args=(cfg, )) + ksft_exit() + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + main() -- 2.51.0

2 months

1
0
0 0

[PATCH bpf-next 0/2] bpf: Skip bounds adjustment for conditional jumps on same register

by KaFai Wan

This small patchset is about avoid verifier bug warning when conditional jumps on same register when the register holds a scalar with range. --- KaFai Wan (2): bpf: Skip bounds adjustment for conditional jumps on same register selftests/bpf: Add test for conditional jumps on same register kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 4 ++++ .../selftests/bpf/progs/verifier_bounds.c | 17 +++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+) -- 2.43.0

2 months

4
14
0 0

[PATCHv7 0/7] liveupdate: Rework KHO for in-kernel users

by Pasha Tatashin

These patches are taken from the LUOv4 series [1] and address recent comments from Pratyush. They apply onto mm/mm-nonmm-unstable. This series refactors the KHO framework to better support in-kernel users like the upcoming LUO. The current design, which relies on a notifier chain and debugfs for control, is too restrictive for direct programmatic use. The core of this rework is the removal of the notifier chain in favor of a direct registration API. This decouples clients from the shutdown-time finalization sequence, allowing them to manage their preserved state more flexibly and at any time. In support of this new model, this series also: - Exports kho_finalize() and kho_abort() for programmatic control. - Makes the debugfs interface optional. - Introduces APIs to unpreserve memory and fixes a bug in the abort path where client state was being incorrectly discarded. Note that this is an interim step, as a more comprehensive fix is planned as part of the stateless KHO work [2]. - Moves all KHO code into a new kernel/liveupdate/ directory to consolidate live update components. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250929010321.3462457-1-pasha.tatashin@soleen.… [2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251001011941.1513050-1-jasonmiu@google.com Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) (1): kho: drop notifiers Pasha Tatashin (6): kho: allow to drive kho from within kernel kho: make debugfs interface optional kho: add interfaces to unpreserve folios and page ranges kho: don't unpreserve memory during abort liveupdate: kho: move to kernel/liveupdate liveupdate: kho: move kho debugfs directory to liveupdate Documentation/core-api/kho/concepts.rst | 2 +- MAINTAINERS | 3 +- include/linux/kexec_handover.h | 53 +- init/Kconfig | 2 + kernel/Kconfig.kexec | 24 - kernel/Makefile | 3 +- kernel/kexec_handover_internal.h | 16 - kernel/liveupdate/Kconfig | 39 ++ kernel/liveupdate/Makefile | 5 + kernel/{ => liveupdate}/kexec_handover.c | 513 +++++++----------- .../{ => liveupdate}/kexec_handover_debug.c | 0 kernel/liveupdate/kexec_handover_debugfs.c | 219 ++++++++ kernel/liveupdate/kexec_handover_internal.h | 56 ++ lib/test_kho.c | 30 +- mm/memblock.c | 62 +-- tools/testing/selftests/kho/init.c | 2 +- tools/testing/selftests/kho/vmtest.sh | 1 + 17 files changed, 576 insertions(+), 454 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 kernel/kexec_handover_internal.h create mode 100644 kernel/liveupdate/Kconfig create mode 100644 kernel/liveupdate/Makefile rename kernel/{ => liveupdate}/kexec_handover.c (80%) rename kernel/{ => liveupdate}/kexec_handover_debug.c (100%) create mode 100644 kernel/liveupdate/kexec_handover_debugfs.c create mode 100644 kernel/liveupdate/kexec_handover_internal.h base-commit: 4d90027271cfa0d89473d1e288af52fda9a74935 -- 2.51.0.915.g61a8936c21-goog

2 months

3
28
0 0

[PATCH bpf-next v2 0/4] selftests/bpf: convert test_tc_tunnel.sh to test_progs

by Alexis Lothoré (eBPF Foundation)

Hello, this is the v2 of test_tc_tunnel conversion into test_progs framework. test_tc_tunnel.sh tests a variety of tunnels based on BPF: packets are encapsulated by a BPF program on the client egress. We then check that those packets can be decapsulated on server ingress side, either thanks to kernel-based or BPF-based decapsulation. Those tests are run thanks to two veths in two dedicated namespaces. - patches 1 and 2 are preparatory patches - patch 3 introduce tc_tunnel test into test_progs - patch 4 gets rid of the test_tc_tunnel.sh script The new test has been executed both in some x86 local qemu machine, as well as in CI: # ./test_progs -a tc_tunnel #454/1 tc_tunnel/ipip_none:OK #454/2 tc_tunnel/ipip6_none:OK #454/3 tc_tunnel/ip6tnl_none:OK #454/4 tc_tunnel/sit_none:OK #454/5 tc_tunnel/vxlan_eth:OK #454/6 tc_tunnel/ip6vxlan_eth:OK #454/7 tc_tunnel/gre_none:OK #454/8 tc_tunnel/gre_eth:OK #454/9 tc_tunnel/gre_mpls:OK #454/10 tc_tunnel/ip6gre_none:OK #454/11 tc_tunnel/ip6gre_eth:OK #454/12 tc_tunnel/ip6gre_mpls:OK #454/13 tc_tunnel/udp_none:OK #454/14 tc_tunnel/udp_eth:OK #454/15 tc_tunnel/udp_mpls:OK #454/16 tc_tunnel/ip6udp_none:OK #454/17 tc_tunnel/ip6udp_eth:OK #454/18 tc_tunnel/ip6udp_mpls:OK #454 tc_tunnel:OK Summary: 1/18 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0 FAILED Signed-off-by: Alexis Lothoré (eBPF Foundation) <alexis.lothore(a)bootlin.com> --- Changes in v2: - declare a single tc_prog_attach helper rather than multiple, intermediate helpers - move the new helper to network_helpers.c rather than a dedicated file - do not rename existing tc_helpers.c/h pair (drop patch) - keep only the minimal set of needed NS switches - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251017-tc_tunnel-v1-0-2d86808d86b2@bootlin.com --- Alexis Lothoré (eBPF Foundation) (4): selftests/bpf: add tc helpers selftests/bpf: make test_tc_tunnel.bpf.c compatible with big endian platforms selftests/bpf: integrate test_tc_tunnel.sh tests into test_progs selftests/bpf: remove test_tc_tunnel.sh tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile | 1 - tools/testing/selftests/bpf/network_helpers.c | 45 ++ tools/testing/selftests/bpf/network_helpers.h | 16 + .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/test_tc_tunnel.c | 660 +++++++++++++++++++++ .../testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/test_tunnel.c | 107 +--- tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_tc_tunnel.c | 95 ++- tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_tc_tunnel.sh | 320 ---------- 7 files changed, 776 insertions(+), 468 deletions(-) --- base-commit: b92bbe400a50e4eb033b378252292d1cc19cabae change-id: 20250811-tc_tunnel-c61342683f18 Best regards, -- Alexis Lothoré, Bootlin Embedded Linux and Kernel engineering https://bootlin.com

2 months

3
8
0 0

[PATCH bpf-next v1 0/2] bpf: Add kfuncs and selftests for detecting execution context and selftests

by Jiayuan Chen

This path introduces several kfuncs to help BPF programs determine their current execution context. When hooking functions for statistics, we often need to use current->comm to get the process name. However, these hooked functions can be called from either process context or interrupt context. When called from interrupt context, the current we obtain may refer to the process that was interrupted, which may not be what we need. These new kfuncs expose APIs that allow users to determine the actual execution context. Jiayuan Chen (2): bpf: Add kfuncs for detecting execution context selftests/bpf: Add selftests for context detection kfuncs kernel/bpf/helpers.c | 45 +++++++++++++++++++ .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/context.c | 32 +++++++++++++ .../selftests/bpf/progs/context_prog.c | 33 ++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 110 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/context.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/context_prog.c -- 2.43.0

2 months

3
4
0 0

[PATCH 0/2] KHO: Fix metadata allocation in scratch area

by Pasha Tatashin

This series fixes a memory corruption bug in KHO that occurs when KFENCE is enabled. The root cause is that KHO metadata, allocated via kzalloc(), can be randomly serviced by kfence_alloc(). When a kernel boots via KHO, the early memblock allocator is restricted to a "scratch area". This forces the KFENCE pool to be allocated within this scratch area, creating a conflict. If KHO metadata is subsequently placed in this pool, it gets corrupted during the next kexec operation. The series is structured in two parts: Patch 1/2 introduces a debug-only feature (CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER_DEBUG) that adds checks to detect and fail any operation that attempts to place KHO metadata or preserved memory within the scratch area. This serves as a validation and diagnostic tool to confirm the problem without affecting production builds. Patch 2/2 provides the fix by modifying KHO to allocate its metadata directly from the buddy allocator instead of SLUB. This bypasses the KFENCE interception entirely. Pasha Tatashin (2): liveupdate: kho: warn and fail on metadata or preserved memory in scratch area liveupdate: kho: allocate metadata directly from the buddy allocator kernel/liveupdate/Kconfig | 15 ++++++ kernel/liveupdate/kexec_handover.c | 51 ++++++++++++++++----- kernel/liveupdate/kexec_handover_debug.c | 18 ++++++++ kernel/liveupdate/kexec_handover_internal.h | 9 ++++ 4 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) base-commit: 0b2f041c47acb45db82b4e847af6e17eb66cd32d -- 2.51.0.788.g6d19910ace-goog

2 months

5
23
0 0

Need Customer Service? Here’s How to Talk to a Live Agent Spirit Airlines

by a.ishv.u26.0＠gmail.com

Need to talk to a real person Spirit Airlines? Calling Spirit Airlines directly at 📞 1-866-284-3022. Whether you are trying to make a flight change, cancel your booking, ask about baggage, or resolve a booking issue, reaching a live agent can save you time, stress, and confusion. While automated systems are useful for simple tasks, some situations just need a human touch. In this guide, we will walk you through exactly how to reach a live person, what to prepare before calling, and alternate methods if the phone lines are busy. ☎️ First Things First: Call 1-866-284-3022 The most direct and reliable way to speak with a real Spirit Airlines representative is by calling 📞 1-866-284-3022. This is Frontier’s official customer service number and should be your go-to for: ✈️ Flight changes or cancellations 🧾 Refund or credit questions 🛄 Baggage issues 🔁 Name corrections 🛑 Check-in or boarding problems 💺 Seat selection and upgrades Pro Tip: When calling, try to do so during non-peak hours — early mornings or late evenings — to reduce your hold time. 🎧 How to Navigate the Automated Menu When you call 1-866-284-3022, you will first hear an automated system. To get through to a live person faster, follow these steps: Dial 1-866-284-3022 Wait for the automated greeting to begin Press “1” for English (or “2” for Spanish) Press “2” for existing reservations Press “0” to speak with an agent (you may need to press "0" more than once) 👉 If “0” does not work immediately, stay on the line. Sometimes the system transfers you to an agent after a brief wait without needing more input. If the lines are busy and you are placed on hold, do not hang up — wait times vary, but you will eventually reach someone. 🧾 What to Have Ready Before You Call To help the agent assist you faster, make sure you have the following details on hand: 📌 Your confirmation code or booking number 📌 The full name on the reservation 📌 Your flight date and destination 📌 Any relevant documents (ID, credit card, etc.) 📌 A notepad for writing down instructions or confirmation numbers If you are calling to fix a mistake or request a refund, be prepared to briefly explain the issue and possibly provide documentation via email upon request. ⏰ Best Times to Call 1-866-284-3022 Customer service lines can be busy, especially during: ⚠️ Holidays ⚠️ Severe weather or flight delays ⚠️ Early morning flight hours 🎯 For the best chance at a short wait, try calling during these times: 🕔 5:00 AM – 7:00 AM (EST) 🕘 9:00 PM – 11:00 PM (EST) 📅 Midweek (Tuesdays and Wednesdays) Avoid Mondays if possible — it is the busiest day for airlines. 🧑‍💻 Alternative Ways to Reach Spirit Airlines (If Phone Fails) If calling 📞 1-866-284-3022 does not work or you are stuck in a long queue, here are a few alternate ways to get help: 💬 1. Online Chat (Limited Availability) Visit www.flyfrontier.com Scroll down and look for the “Let’s Chat” option. This can connect you to a live agent or AI assistant, depending on availability. 📧 2. Email Support You can also submit a help request through their Customer Support Form online. Use this for non-urgent matters like refund requests or documentation review. 📱 3. Social Media Tweet or DM Spirit Airlines on platforms like Twitter/X (@FlyFrontier) or send a message via Facebook. Sometimes social media agents respond faster than the phone team during high-volume periods. 📲 4. Mobile App Download the Spirit Airlines App, log in, and navigate to “My Trips” or “Support” for quick options. While this will not guarantee a live agent, you might find answers to basic questions faster. ❗ Common Issues That Require a Live Agent While many tasks can be done online, certain problems are best resolved with a real person at 1-866-284-3022: 🛑 Double charges or billing issues 🔄 Complex flight changes involving multiple passengers 🛄 Lost or delayed baggage ✍️ Legal name changes (marriage, divorce, etc.) 🧑‍⚕️ Medical or accessibility needs during travel In these cases, avoid wasting time — call directly and ask for a live agent. 🚨 Beware of Fake Numbers and Scams Only use the official number: 📞 1-866-284-3022. Scammers often post fake “Frontier support” numbers online, asking for credit card info or login credentials. 🛡️ Never share your full credit card number or personal information with an unverified source. ✅ Final Thoughts Talking to a live person at an airline should not be this hard — but when it comes to Spirit Airlines, knowing the right steps and phone number makes all the difference. 🧠 Remember: Dial 📞 1-866-284-3022 Press 0 to reach a live agent Call during off-peak hours Have your booking info ready Use alternative methods if the line is too busy 💡 The sooner you reach out, the more options you'll have to resolve your issue. ✈️ Whether you are rebooking, fixing an error, or checking a flight, calling 1-866-284-3022 connects you with someone who can truly help.

2 months

1
0
0 0

Step-by-Step Guide: How to Speak with a Live Agent Southwest Airlines

by a.ishv.u26.0＠gmail.com

Need to talk to a real person Southwest Airlines? Calling Southwest Airlines directly at 📞 1-866-284-3022. Whether you are trying to make a flight change, cancel your booking, ask about baggage, or resolve a booking issue, reaching a live agent can save you time, stress, and confusion. While automated systems are useful for simple tasks, some situations just need a human touch. In this guide, we will walk you through exactly how to reach a live person, what to prepare before calling, and alternate methods if the phone lines are busy. ☎️ First Things First: Call 1-866-284-3022 The most direct and reliable way to speak with a real Southwest Airlines representative is by calling 📞 1-866-284-3022. This is Frontier’s official customer service number and should be your go-to for: ✈️ Flight changes or cancellations 🧾 Refund or credit questions 🛄 Baggage issues 🔁 Name corrections 🛑 Check-in or boarding problems 💺 Seat selection and upgrades Pro Tip: When calling, try to do so during non-peak hours — early mornings or late evenings — to reduce your hold time. 🎧 How to Navigate the Automated Menu When you call 1-866-284-3022, you will first hear an automated system. To get through to a live person faster, follow these steps: Dial 1-866-284-3022 Wait for the automated greeting to begin Press “1” for English (or “2” for Spanish) Press “2” for existing reservations Press “0” to speak with an agent (you may need to press "0" more than once) 👉 If “0” does not work immediately, stay on the line. Sometimes the system transfers you to an agent after a brief wait without needing more input. If the lines are busy and you are placed on hold, do not hang up — wait times vary, but you will eventually reach someone. 🧾 What to Have Ready Before You Call To help the agent assist you faster, make sure you have the following details on hand: 📌 Your confirmation code or booking number 📌 The full name on the reservation 📌 Your flight date and destination 📌 Any relevant documents (ID, credit card, etc.) 📌 A notepad for writing down instructions or confirmation numbers If you are calling to fix a mistake or request a refund, be prepared to briefly explain the issue and possibly provide documentation via email upon request. ⏰ Best Times to Call 1-866-284-3022 Customer service lines can be busy, especially during: ⚠️ Holidays ⚠️ Severe weather or flight delays ⚠️ Early morning flight hours 🎯 For the best chance at a short wait, try calling during these times: 🕔 5:00 AM – 7:00 AM (EST) 🕘 9:00 PM – 11:00 PM (EST) 📅 Midweek (Tuesdays and Wednesdays) Avoid Mondays if possible — it is the busiest day for airlines. 🧑‍💻 Alternative Ways to Reach Southwest Airlines (If Phone Fails) If calling 📞 1-866-284-3022 does not work or you are stuck in a long queue, here are a few alternate ways to get help: 💬 1. Online Chat (Limited Availability) Visit www.flyfrontier.com Scroll down and look for the “Let’s Chat” option. This can connect you to a live agent or AI assistant, depending on availability. 📧 2. Email Support You can also submit a help request through their Customer Support Form online. Use this for non-urgent matters like refund requests or documentation review. 📱 3. Social Media Tweet or DM Southwest Airlines on platforms like Twitter/X (@FlyFrontier) or send a message via Facebook. Sometimes social media agents respond faster than the phone team during high-volume periods. 📲 4. Mobile App Download the Southwest Airlines App, log in, and navigate to “My Trips” or “Support” for quick options. While this will not guarantee a live agent, you might find answers to basic questions faster. ❗ Common Issues That Require a Live Agent While many tasks can be done online, certain problems are best resolved with a real person at 1-866-284-3022: 🛑 Double charges or billing issues 🔄 Complex flight changes involving multiple passengers 🛄 Lost or delayed baggage ✍️ Legal name changes (marriage, divorce, etc.) 🧑‍⚕️ Medical or accessibility needs during travel In these cases, avoid wasting time — call directly and ask for a live agent. 🚨 Beware of Fake Numbers and Scams Only use the official number: 📞 1-866-284-3022. Scammers often post fake “Frontier support” numbers online, asking for credit card info or login credentials. 🛡️ Never share your full credit card number or personal information with an unverified source. ✅ Final Thoughts Talking to a live person at an airline should not be this hard — but when it comes to Southwest Airlines, knowing the right steps and phone number makes all the difference. 🧠 Remember: Dial 📞 1-866-284-3022 Press 0 to reach a live agent Call during off-peak hours Have your booking info ready Use alternative methods if the line is too busy 💡 The sooner you reach out, the more options you'll have to resolve your issue. ✈️ Whether you are rebooking, fixing an error, or checking a flight, calling 1-866-284-3022 connects you with someone who can truly help.

2 months

1
0
0 0

Contacting a SkyWest Airlines Live Agent: A Simple Guide

by a.ishv.u26.0＠gmail.com

Need to talk to a real person SkyWest Airlines? Calling SkyWest Airlines directly at 📞 1-866-284-3022. Whether you are trying to make a flight change, cancel your booking, ask about baggage, or resolve a booking issue, reaching a live agent can save you time, stress, and confusion. While automated systems are useful for simple tasks, some situations just need a human touch. In this guide, we will walk you through exactly how to reach a live person, what to prepare before calling, and alternate methods if the phone lines are busy. ☎️ First Things First: Call 1-866-284-3022 The most direct and reliable way to speak with a real SkyWest Airlines representative is by calling 📞 1-866-284-3022. This is Frontier’s official customer service number and should be your go-to for: ✈️ Flight changes or cancellations 🧾 Refund or credit questions 🛄 Baggage issues 🔁 Name corrections 🛑 Check-in or boarding problems 💺 Seat selection and upgrades Pro Tip: When calling, try to do so during non-peak hours — early mornings or late evenings — to reduce your hold time. 🎧 How to Navigate the Automated Menu When you call 1-866-284-3022, you will first hear an automated system. To get through to a live person faster, follow these steps: Dial 1-866-284-3022 Wait for the automated greeting to begin Press “1” for English (or “2” for Spanish) Press “2” for existing reservations Press “0” to speak with an agent (you may need to press "0" more than once) 👉 If “0” does not work immediately, stay on the line. Sometimes the system transfers you to an agent after a brief wait without needing more input. If the lines are busy and you are placed on hold, do not hang up — wait times vary, but you will eventually reach someone. 🧾 What to Have Ready Before You Call To help the agent assist you faster, make sure you have the following details on hand: 📌 Your confirmation code or booking number 📌 The full name on the reservation 📌 Your flight date and destination 📌 Any relevant documents (ID, credit card, etc.) 📌 A notepad for writing down instructions or confirmation numbers If you are calling to fix a mistake or request a refund, be prepared to briefly explain the issue and possibly provide documentation via email upon request. ⏰ Best Times to Call 1-866-284-3022 Customer service lines can be busy, especially during: ⚠️ Holidays ⚠️ Severe weather or flight delays ⚠️ Early morning flight hours 🎯 For the best chance at a short wait, try calling during these times: 🕔 5:00 AM – 7:00 AM (EST) 🕘 9:00 PM – 11:00 PM (EST) 📅 Midweek (Tuesdays and Wednesdays) Avoid Mondays if possible — it is the busiest day for airlines. 🧑‍💻 Alternative Ways to Reach SkyWest Airlines (If Phone Fails) If calling 📞 1-866-284-3022 does not work or you are stuck in a long queue, here are a few alternate ways to get help: 💬 1. Online Chat (Limited Availability) Visit www.flyfrontier.com Scroll down and look for the “Let’s Chat” option. This can connect you to a live agent or AI assistant, depending on availability. 📧 2. Email Support You can also submit a help request through their Customer Support Form online. Use this for non-urgent matters like refund requests or documentation review. 📱 3. Social Media Tweet or DM SkyWest Airlines on platforms like Twitter/X (@FlyFrontier) or send a message via Facebook. Sometimes social media agents respond faster than the phone team during high-volume periods. 📲 4. Mobile App Download the SkyWest Airlines App, log in, and navigate to “My Trips” or “Support” for quick options. While this will not guarantee a live agent, you might find answers to basic questions faster. ❗ Common Issues That Require a Live Agent While many tasks can be done online, certain problems are best resolved with a real person at 1-866-284-3022: 🛑 Double charges or billing issues 🔄 Complex flight changes involving multiple passengers 🛄 Lost or delayed baggage ✍️ Legal name changes (marriage, divorce, etc.) 🧑‍⚕️ Medical or accessibility needs during travel In these cases, avoid wasting time — call directly and ask for a live agent. 🚨 Beware of Fake Numbers and Scams Only use the official number: 📞 1-866-284-3022. Scammers often post fake “Frontier support” numbers online, asking for credit card info or login credentials. 🛡️ Never share your full credit card number or personal information with an unverified source. ✅ Final Thoughts Talking to a live person at an airline should not be this hard — but when it comes to SkyWest Airlines, knowing the right steps and phone number makes all the difference. 🧠 Remember: Dial 📞 1-866-284-3022 Press 0 to reach a live agent Call during off-peak hours Have your booking info ready Use alternative methods if the line is too busy 💡 The sooner you reach out, the more options you'll have to resolve your issue. ✈️ Whether you are rebooking, fixing an error, or checking a flight, calling 1-866-284-3022 connects you with someone who can truly help.

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How to Contact a Live Agent Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) for Assistance

by a.ishv.u26.0＠gmail.com

Need to talk to a real person Scandinavian Airlines (SAS)? Calling Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) directly at 📞 1-866-284-3022. Whether you are trying to make a flight change, cancel your booking, ask about baggage, or resolve a booking issue, reaching a live agent can save you time, stress, and confusion. While automated systems are useful for simple tasks, some situations just need a human touch. In this guide, we will walk you through exactly how to reach a live person, what to prepare before calling, and alternate methods if the phone lines are busy. ☎️ First Things First: Call 1-866-284-3022 The most direct and reliable way to speak with a real Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) representative is by calling 📞 1-866-284-3022. This is Frontier’s official customer service number and should be your go-to for: ✈️ Flight changes or cancellations 🧾 Refund or credit questions 🛄 Baggage issues 🔁 Name corrections 🛑 Check-in or boarding problems 💺 Seat selection and upgrades Pro Tip: When calling, try to do so during non-peak hours — early mornings or late evenings — to reduce your hold time. 🎧 How to Navigate the Automated Menu When you call 1-866-284-3022, you will first hear an automated system. To get through to a live person faster, follow these steps: Dial 1-866-284-3022 Wait for the automated greeting to begin Press “1” for English (or “2” for Spanish) Press “2” for existing reservations Press “0” to speak with an agent (you may need to press "0" more than once) 👉 If “0” does not work immediately, stay on the line. Sometimes the system transfers you to an agent after a brief wait without needing more input. If the lines are busy and you are placed on hold, do not hang up — wait times vary, but you will eventually reach someone. 🧾 What to Have Ready Before You Call To help the agent assist you faster, make sure you have the following details on hand: 📌 Your confirmation code or booking number 📌 The full name on the reservation 📌 Your flight date and destination 📌 Any relevant documents (ID, credit card, etc.) 📌 A notepad for writing down instructions or confirmation numbers If you are calling to fix a mistake or request a refund, be prepared to briefly explain the issue and possibly provide documentation via email upon request. ⏰ Best Times to Call 1-866-284-3022 Customer service lines can be busy, especially during: ⚠️ Holidays ⚠️ Severe weather or flight delays ⚠️ Early morning flight hours 🎯 For the best chance at a short wait, try calling during these times: 🕔 5:00 AM – 7:00 AM (EST) 🕘 9:00 PM – 11:00 PM (EST) 📅 Midweek (Tuesdays and Wednesdays) Avoid Mondays if possible — it is the busiest day for airlines. 🧑‍💻 Alternative Ways to Reach Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) (If Phone Fails) If calling 📞 1-866-284-3022 does not work or you are stuck in a long queue, here are a few alternate ways to get help: 💬 1. Online Chat (Limited Availability) Visit www.flyfrontier.com Scroll down and look for the “Let’s Chat” option. This can connect you to a live agent or AI assistant, depending on availability. 📧 2. Email Support You can also submit a help request through their Customer Support Form online. Use this for non-urgent matters like refund requests or documentation review. 📱 3. Social Media Tweet or DM Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) on platforms like Twitter/X (@FlyFrontier) or send a message via Facebook. Sometimes social media agents respond faster than the phone team during high-volume periods. 📲 4. Mobile App Download the Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) App, log in, and navigate to “My Trips” or “Support” for quick options. While this will not guarantee a live agent, you might find answers to basic questions faster. ❗ Common Issues That Require a Live Agent While many tasks can be done online, certain problems are best resolved with a real person at 1-866-284-3022: 🛑 Double charges or billing issues 🔄 Complex flight changes involving multiple passengers 🛄 Lost or delayed baggage ✍️ Legal name changes (marriage, divorce, etc.) 🧑‍⚕️ Medical or accessibility needs during travel In these cases, avoid wasting time — call directly and ask for a live agent. 🚨 Beware of Fake Numbers and Scams Only use the official number: 📞 1-866-284-3022. Scammers often post fake “Frontier support” numbers online, asking for credit card info or login credentials. 🛡️ Never share your full credit card number or personal information with an unverified source. ✅ Final Thoughts Talking to a live person at an airline should not be this hard — but when it comes to Scandinavian Airlines (SAS), knowing the right steps and phone number makes all the difference. 🧠 Remember: Dial 📞 1-866-284-3022 Press 0 to reach a live agent Call during off-peak hours Have your booking info ready Use alternative methods if the line is too busy 💡 The sooner you reach out, the more options you'll have to resolve your issue. ✈️ Whether you are rebooking, fixing an error, or checking a flight, calling 1-866-284-3022 connects you with someone who can truly help.

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