Create a test for the robust list mechanism.

Signed-off-by: André Almeida andrealmeid@igalia.com --- Changes from v1: - Change futex type from int to _Atomic(unsigned int) - Use old futex(FUTEX_WAIT) instead of the new sys_futex_wait() --- .../selftests/futex/functional/.gitignore | 1 + .../selftests/futex/functional/Makefile | 3 +- .../selftests/futex/functional/robust_list.c | 448 ++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 451 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/robust_list.c

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/.gitignore b/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/.gitignore index fbcbdb6963b3..4726e1be7497 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/.gitignore +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/.gitignore @@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ futex_wait_wouldblock futex_wait futex_requeue futex_waitv +robust_list diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/Makefile index f79f9bac7918..b8635a1ac7f6 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/Makefile +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/Makefile @@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ TEST_GEN_PROGS := \ futex_wait_private_mapped_file \ futex_wait \ futex_requeue \ - futex_waitv + futex_waitv \ + robust_list

TEST_PROGS := run.sh

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/robust_list.c b/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/robust_list.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..9308eb189d48 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/futex/functional/robust_list.c @@ -0,0 +1,448 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later +/* + * Copyright (C) 2024 Igalia S.L. + * + * Robust list test by André Almeida andrealmeid@igalia.com + * + * The robust list uAPI allows userspace to create "robust" locks, in the sense + * that if the lock holder thread dies, the remaining threads that are waiting + * for the lock won't block forever, waiting for a lock that will never be + * released. + * + * This is achieve by userspace setting a list where a thread can enter all the + * locks (futexes) that it is holding. The robust list is a linked list, and + * userspace register the start of the list with the syscall set_robust_list(). + * If such thread eventually dies, the kernel will walk this list, waking up one + * thread waiting for each futex and marking the futex word with the flag + * FUTEX_OWNER_DIED. + * + * See also + * man set_robust_list + * Documententation/locking/robust-futex-ABI.rst + * Documententation/locking/robust-futexes.rst + */ + +#define _GNU_SOURCE + +#include "../../kselftest_harness.h" + +#include "futextest.h" + +#include <pthread.h> +#include <stdatomic.h> +#include <stddef.h> + +#define STACK_SIZE (1024 * 1024) + +#define FUTEX_TIMEOUT 3 + +static pthread_barrier_t barrier, barrier2; + +int set_robust_list(struct robust_list_head *head, size_t len) +{ + return syscall(SYS_set_robust_list, head, len); +} + +int get_robust_list(int pid, struct robust_list_head **head, size_t *len_ptr) +{ + return syscall(SYS_get_robust_list, pid, head, len_ptr); +} + +/* + * Basic lock struct, contains just the futex word and the robust list element + * Real implementations have also a *prev to easily walk in the list + */ +struct lock_struct { + _Atomic(unsigned int) futex; + struct robust_list list; +}; + +/* + * Helper function to spawn a child thread. Returns -1 on error, pid on success + */ +static int create_child(int (*fn)(void *arg), void *arg) +{ + char *stack; + pid_t pid; + + stack = mmap(NULL, STACK_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, + MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_STACK, -1, 0); + if (stack == MAP_FAILED) + return -1; + + stack += STACK_SIZE; + + pid = clone(fn, stack, CLONE_VM | SIGCHLD, arg); + + if (pid == -1) + return -1; + + return pid; +} + +/* + * Helper function to prepare and register a robust list + */ +static int set_list(struct robust_list_head *head) +{ + int ret; + + ret = set_robust_list(head, sizeof(struct robust_list_head)); + if (ret) + return ret; + + head->futex_offset = (size_t) offsetof(struct lock_struct, futex) - + (size_t) offsetof(struct lock_struct, list); + head->list.next = &head->list; + head->list_op_pending = NULL; + + return 0; +} + +/* + * A basic (and incomplete) mutex lock function with robustness + */ +static int mutex_lock(struct lock_struct *lock, struct robust_list_head *head, bool error_inject) +{ + _Atomic(unsigned int) *futex = &lock->futex; + int zero = 0, ret = -1; + pid_t tid = gettid(); + + /* + * Set list_op_pending before starting the lock, so the kernel can catch + * the case where the thread died during the lock operation + */ + head->list_op_pending = &lock->list; + + if (atomic_compare_exchange_strong(futex, &zero, tid)) { + /* + * We took the lock, insert it in the robust list + */ + struct robust_list *list = &head->list; + + /* Error injection to test list_op_pending */ + if (error_inject) + return 0; + + while (list->next != &head->list) + list = list->next; + + list->next = &lock->list; + lock->list.next = &head->list; + + ret = 0; + } else { + /* + * We didn't take the lock, wait until the owner wakes (or dies) + */ + struct timespec to; + + clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &to); + to.tv_sec = to.tv_sec + FUTEX_TIMEOUT; + + tid = atomic_load(futex); + /* Kernel ignores futexes without the waiters flag */ + tid |= FUTEX_WAITERS; + atomic_store(futex, tid); + + ret = futex_wait((futex_t *) futex, tid, &to, 0); + + /* + * A real mutex_lock() implementation would loop here to finally + * take the lock. We don't care about that, so we stop here. + */ + } + + head->list_op_pending = NULL; + + return ret; +} + +/* + * This child thread will succeed taking the lock, and then will exit holding it + */ +static int child_fn_lock(void *arg) +{ + struct lock_struct *lock = (struct lock_struct *) arg; + struct robust_list_head head; + int ret; + + ret = set_list(&head); + if (ret) + ksft_test_result_fail("set_robust_list error\n"); + + ret = mutex_lock(lock, &head, false); + if (ret) + ksft_test_result_fail("mutex_lock error\n"); + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + + /* + * There's a race here: the parent thread needs to be inside + * futex_wait() before the child thread dies, otherwise it will miss the + * wakeup from handle_futex_death() that this child will emit. We wait a + * little bit just to make sure that this happens. + */ + sleep(1); + + return 0; +} + +/* + * Spawns a child thread that will set a robust list, take the lock, register it + * in the robust list and die. The parent thread will wait on this futex, and + * should be waken up when the child exits. + */ +TEST(robustness) +{ + struct lock_struct lock = { .futex = 0 }; + struct robust_list_head head; + _Atomic(unsigned int) *futex = &lock.futex; + int ret; + + ret = set_list(&head); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + /* + * Lets use a barrier to ensure that the child thread takes the lock + * before the parent + */ + ret = pthread_barrier_init(&barrier, NULL, 2); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + ret = create_child(&child_fn_lock, &lock); + ASSERT_NE(ret, -1); + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + ret = mutex_lock(&lock, &head, false); + + /* + * futex_wait() should return 0 and the futex word should be marked with + * FUTEX_OWNER_DIED + */ + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0) TH_LOG("futex wait returned %d", errno); + ASSERT_TRUE(*futex | FUTEX_OWNER_DIED); + + pthread_barrier_destroy(&barrier); +} + +/* + * The only valid value for len is sizeof(*head) + */ +TEST(set_robust_list_invalid_size) +{ + struct robust_list_head head; + size_t head_size = sizeof(struct robust_list_head); + int ret; + + ret = set_robust_list(&head, head_size); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + ret = set_robust_list(&head, head_size * 2); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, -1); + ASSERT_EQ(errno, EINVAL); + + ret = set_robust_list(&head, head_size - 1); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, -1); + ASSERT_EQ(errno, EINVAL); + + ret = set_robust_list(&head, 0); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, -1); + ASSERT_EQ(errno, EINVAL); +} + +/* + * Test get_robust_list with pid = 0, getting the list of the running thread + */ +TEST(get_robust_list_self) +{ + struct robust_list_head head, head2, *get_head; + size_t head_size = sizeof(struct robust_list_head), len_ptr; + int ret; + + ret = set_robust_list(&head, head_size); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + ret = get_robust_list(0, &get_head, &len_ptr); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + ASSERT_EQ(get_head, &head); + ASSERT_EQ(head_size, len_ptr); + + ret = set_robust_list(&head2, head_size); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + ret = get_robust_list(0, &get_head, &len_ptr); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + ASSERT_EQ(get_head, &head2); + ASSERT_EQ(head_size, len_ptr); +} + +static int child_list(void *arg) +{ + struct robust_list_head *head = (struct robust_list_head *) arg; + int ret; + + ret = set_robust_list(head, sizeof(struct robust_list_head)); + if (ret) + ksft_test_result_fail("set_robust_list error\n"); + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier2); + + return 0; +} + +/* + * Test get_robust_list from another thread. We use two barriers here to ensure + * that: + * 1) the child thread set the list before we try to get it from the + * parent + * 2) the child thread still alive when we try to get the list from it + */ +TEST(get_robust_list_child) +{ + pid_t tid; + int ret; + struct robust_list_head head, *get_head; + size_t len_ptr; + + ret = pthread_barrier_init(&barrier, NULL, 2); + ret = pthread_barrier_init(&barrier2, NULL, 2); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + tid = create_child(&child_list, &head); + ASSERT_NE(tid, -1); + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + + ret = get_robust_list(tid, &get_head, &len_ptr); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + ASSERT_EQ(&head, get_head); + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier2); + + pthread_barrier_destroy(&barrier); + pthread_barrier_destroy(&barrier2); +} + +static int child_fn_lock_with_error(void *arg) +{ + struct lock_struct *lock = (struct lock_struct *) arg; + struct robust_list_head head; + int ret; + + ret = set_list(&head); + if (ret) + ksft_test_result_fail("set_robust_list error\n"); + + ret = mutex_lock(lock, &head, true); + if (ret) + ksft_test_result_fail("mutex_lock error\n"); + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + + sleep(1); + + return 0; +} + +/* + * Same as robustness test, but inject an error where the mutex_lock() exits + * earlier, just after setting list_op_pending and taking the lock, to test the + * list_op_pending mechanism + */ +TEST(set_list_op_pending) +{ + struct lock_struct lock = { .futex = 0 }; + struct robust_list_head head; + _Atomic(unsigned int) *futex = &lock.futex; + int ret; + + ret = set_list(&head); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + ret = pthread_barrier_init(&barrier, NULL, 2); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + ret = create_child(&child_fn_lock_with_error, &lock); + ASSERT_NE(ret, -1); + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + ret = mutex_lock(&lock, &head, false); + + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0) TH_LOG("futex wait returned %d", errno); + ASSERT_TRUE(*futex | FUTEX_OWNER_DIED); + + pthread_barrier_destroy(&barrier); +} + +#define CHILD_NR 10 + +static int child_lock_holder(void *arg) +{ + struct lock_struct *locks = (struct lock_struct *) arg; + struct robust_list_head head; + int i; + + set_list(&head); + + for (i = 0; i < CHILD_NR; i++) { + locks[i].futex = 0; + mutex_lock(&locks[i], &head, false); + } + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier2); + + sleep(1); + return 0; +} + +static int child_wait_lock(void *arg) +{ + struct lock_struct *lock = (struct lock_struct *) arg; + struct robust_list_head head; + int ret; + + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier2); + ret = mutex_lock(lock, &head, false); + + if (ret) + ksft_test_result_fail("mutex_lock error\n"); + + if (!(lock->futex | FUTEX_OWNER_DIED)) + ksft_test_result_fail("futex not marked with FUTEX_OWNER_DIED\n"); + + return 0; +} + +/* + * Test a robust list of more than one element. All the waiters should wake when + * the holder dies + */ +TEST(robust_list_multiple_elements) +{ + struct lock_struct locks[CHILD_NR]; + int i, ret; + + ret = pthread_barrier_init(&barrier, NULL, 2); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + ret = pthread_barrier_init(&barrier2, NULL, CHILD_NR + 1); + ASSERT_EQ(ret, 0); + + create_child(&child_lock_holder, &locks); + + /* Wait until the locker thread takes the look */ + pthread_barrier_wait(&barrier); + + for (i = 0; i < CHILD_NR; i++) + create_child(&child_wait_lock, &locks[i]); + + /* Wait for all children to return */ + while (wait(NULL) > 0); + + pthread_barrier_destroy(&barrier); + pthread_barrier_destroy(&barrier2); +} + +TEST_HARNESS_MAIN