A not-so-careful NAT46 BPF program can crash the kernel if it indiscriminately flips ingress packets from v4 to v6:

BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 ip6_rcv_core (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:190:20) ipv6_rcv (net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:306:8) process_backlog (net/core/dev.c:6186:4) napi_poll (net/core/dev.c:6906:9) net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:7028:13) do_softirq (kernel/softirq.c:462:3) netif_rx (net/core/dev.c:5326:3) dev_loopback_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4015:2) ip_mc_finish_output (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:363:8) NF_HOOK (./include/linux/netfilter.h:314:9) ip_mc_output (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:400:5) dst_output (./include/net/dst.h:459:9) ip_local_out (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:130:9) ip_send_skb (net/ipv4/ip_output.c:1496:8) udp_send_skb (net/ipv4/udp.c:1040:8) udp_sendmsg (net/ipv4/udp.c:1328:10)

The output interface has a 4->6 program attached at ingress. We try to loop the multicast skb back to the sending socket. Ingress BPF runs as part of netif_rx(), pushes a valid v6 hdr and changes skb->protocol to v6. We enter ip6_rcv_core which tries to use skb_dst(). But the dst is still an IPv4 one left after IPv4 mcast output.

Clear the dst in all BPF helpers which change the protocol. Try to preserve metadata dsts, those may carry non-routing metadata.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Maciej Żenczykowski maze@google.com Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann daniel@iogearbox.net Fixes: d219df60a70e ("bpf: Add ipip6 and ip6ip decap support for bpf_skb_adjust_room()") Fixes: 1b00e0dfe7d0 ("bpf: update skb->protocol in bpf_skb_net_grow") Fixes: 6578171a7ff0 ("bpf: add bpf_skb_change_proto helper") Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski kuba@kernel.org --- v3: - go back to v1, the encap / decap which don't change proto will be added in -next - split out the test v2: https://lore.kernel.org/20250607204734.1588964-1-kuba@kernel.org - drop on encap/decap - fix typo (protcol) - add the test to the Makefile v1: https://lore.kernel.org/20250604210604.257036-1-kuba@kernel.org

I wonder if we should not skip ingress (tc_skip_classify?) for looped back packets in the first place. But that doesn't seem robust enough vs multiple redirections to solve the crash.

Ignoring LOOPBACK packets (like the NAT46 prog should) doesn't work either, since BPF can change pkt_type arbitrarily.

CC: martin.lau@linux.dev CC: daniel@iogearbox.net CC: john.fastabend@gmail.com CC: eddyz87@gmail.com CC: sdf@fomichev.me CC: haoluo@google.com CC: willemb@google.com CC: william.xuanziyang@huawei.com CC: alan.maguire@oracle.com CC: bpf@vger.kernel.org CC: edumazet@google.com CC: maze@google.com CC: shuah@kernel.org CC: linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org CC: yonghong.song@linux.dev --- net/core/filter.c | 19 +++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/net/core/filter.c b/net/core/filter.c index 327ca73f9cd7..7a72f766aacf 100644 --- a/net/core/filter.c +++ b/net/core/filter.c @@ -3233,6 +3233,13 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_pop_proto = { .arg1_type = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX, };

+static void bpf_skb_change_protocol(struct sk_buff *skb, u16 proto) +{ + skb->protocol = htons(proto); + if (skb_valid_dst(skb)) + skb_dst_drop(skb); +} + static int bpf_skb_generic_push(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 off, u32 len) { /* Caller already did skb_cow() with len as headroom, @@ -3329,7 +3336,7 @@ static int bpf_skb_proto_4_to_6(struct sk_buff *skb) } }

- skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IPV6); + bpf_skb_change_protocol(skb, ETH_P_IPV6); skb_clear_hash(skb);

return 0; @@ -3359,7 +3366,7 @@ static int bpf_skb_proto_6_to_4(struct sk_buff *skb) } }

- skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IP); + bpf_skb_change_protocol(skb, ETH_P_IP); skb_clear_hash(skb);

return 0; @@ -3550,10 +3557,10 @@ static int bpf_skb_net_grow(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 off, u32 len_diff, /* Match skb->protocol to new outer l3 protocol */ if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IP) && flags & BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_ENCAP_L3_IPV6) - skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IPV6); + bpf_skb_change_protocol(skb, ETH_P_IPV6); else if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IPV6) && flags & BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_ENCAP_L3_IPV4) - skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IP); + bpf_skb_change_protocol(skb, ETH_P_IP); }

if (skb_is_gso(skb)) { @@ -3606,10 +3613,10 @@ static int bpf_skb_net_shrink(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 off, u32 len_diff, /* Match skb->protocol to new outer l3 protocol */ if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IP) && flags & BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_DECAP_L3_IPV6) - skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IPV6); + bpf_skb_change_protocol(skb, ETH_P_IPV6); else if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IPV6) && flags & BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_DECAP_L3_IPV4) - skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_IP); + bpf_skb_change_protocol(skb, ETH_P_IP);

if (skb_is_gso(skb)) { struct skb_shared_info *shinfo = skb_shinfo(skb);