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Re: [PATCH v5 6/7] drm/amdgpu: rename amdgpu_fill_buffer as amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer

by Christian König

On 4/3/26 10:35, Pierre-Eric Pelloux-Prayer wrote: > This is the only use case for this function. > > --- > v2: amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer instead of amdgpu_clear_buffer > --- > > Signed-off-by: Pierre-Eric Pelloux-Prayer <pierre-eric.pelloux-prayer(a)amd.com> > Reviewed-by: Christian König <christian.koenig(a)amd.com> > --- > drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c | 12 +++++------ > drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c | 23 ++++++++++------------ > drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h | 13 ++++++------ > 3 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c > index d0884bbffa75..195cb1c814d1 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c > @@ -717,9 +717,9 @@ int amdgpu_bo_create(struct amdgpu_device *adev, > bo->tbo.resource->mem_type == TTM_PL_VRAM) { > struct dma_fence *fence; > > - r = amdgpu_fill_buffer(amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(adev), > - bo, 0, NULL, &fence, > - true, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_TTM_CLEAR_BUFFER); > + r = amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(adev), > + bo, NULL, &fence, Wait a second. Why is the dependency NULL here? Could it be that we relied on the fact that clears and moves were serialized in the past? Regards, Christian. > + true, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_TTM_CLEAR_BUFFER); > if (unlikely(r)) > goto fail_unreserve; > > @@ -1329,9 +1329,9 @@ void amdgpu_bo_release_notify(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo) > if (r) > goto out; > > - r = amdgpu_fill_buffer(amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(adev), > - abo, 0, &bo->base._resv, &fence, > - false, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_CLEAR_ON_RELEASE); > + r = amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(adev), > + abo, &bo->base._resv, &fence, > + false, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_CLEAR_ON_RELEASE); > if (WARN_ON(r)) > goto out; > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c > index a3d0998b8cec..e74f9f8a88dc 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c > @@ -417,8 +417,8 @@ static int amdgpu_move_blit(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo, > if (old_mem->mem_type == TTM_PL_VRAM && > (abo->flags & AMDGPU_GEM_CREATE_VRAM_WIPE_ON_RELEASE)) { > struct dma_fence *wipe_fence = NULL; > - r = amdgpu_fill_buffer(entity, abo, 0, NULL, &wipe_fence, > - false, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_MOVE_BLIT); > + r = amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(entity, abo, NULL, &wipe_fence, > + false, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_MOVE_BLIT); > if (r) { > goto error; > } else if (wipe_fence) { > @@ -2572,26 +2572,23 @@ static int amdgpu_ttm_fill_mem(struct amdgpu_device *adev, > } > > /** > - * amdgpu_fill_buffer - fill a buffer with a given value > + * amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer - fill a buffer with 0 > * @entity: entity to use > * @bo: the bo to fill > - * @src_data: the value to set > * @resv: fences contained in this reservation will be used as dependencies. > * @out_fence: the fence from the last clear will be stored here. It might be > * NULL if no job was run. > - * @dependency: optional input dependency fence. > * @consider_clear_status: true if region reported as cleared by amdgpu_res_cleared() > * are skipped. > * @k_job_id: trace id > * > */ > -int amdgpu_fill_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > - struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > - uint32_t src_data, > - struct dma_resv *resv, > - struct dma_fence **out_fence, > - bool consider_clear_status, > - u64 k_job_id) > +int amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > + struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > + struct dma_resv *resv, > + struct dma_fence **out_fence, > + bool consider_clear_status, > + u64 k_job_id) > { > struct amdgpu_device *adev = amdgpu_ttm_adev(bo->tbo.bdev); > struct dma_fence *fence = NULL; > @@ -2622,7 +2619,7 @@ int amdgpu_fill_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > goto error; > > r = amdgpu_ttm_fill_mem(adev, entity, > - src_data, to, cur_size, resv, > + 0, to, cur_size, resv, > &next, true, k_job_id); > if (r) > goto error; > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h > index 436a3e09a178..d7b14d5cac77 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h > @@ -187,13 +187,12 @@ int amdgpu_copy_buffer(struct amdgpu_device *adev, > struct dma_resv *resv, > struct dma_fence **fence, > bool vm_needs_flush, uint32_t copy_flags); > -int amdgpu_fill_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > - struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > - uint32_t src_data, > - struct dma_resv *resv, > - struct dma_fence **out_fence, > - bool consider_clear_status, > - u64 k_job_id); > +int amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > + struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > + struct dma_resv *resv, > + struct dma_fence **out_fence, > + bool consider_clear_status, > + u64 k_job_id); > struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(struct amdgpu_device *adev); > > int amdgpu_ttm_alloc_gart(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo);

5 days, 18 hours

Re: [PATCH v5 5/7] drm/amdgpu: get rid of amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer

by Christian König

On 4/3/26 10:35, Pierre-Eric Pelloux-Prayer wrote: > It's doing the same thing as amdgpu_fill_buffer(src_data=0), so drop it. > > The only caveat is that amdgpu_res_cleared() return value is only valid > right after allocation. > > --- > v2: introduce new "bool consider_clear_status" arg > --- > > Signed-off-by: Pierre-Eric Pelloux-Prayer <pierre-eric.pelloux-prayer(a)amd.com> > --- > drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c | 16 ++-- > drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c | 88 +++++----------------- > drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h | 6 +- > 3 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 78 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c > index 66c20dd46d12..d0884bbffa75 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_object.c > @@ -717,13 +717,17 @@ int amdgpu_bo_create(struct amdgpu_device *adev, > bo->tbo.resource->mem_type == TTM_PL_VRAM) { > struct dma_fence *fence; > > - r = amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(bo, bo->tbo.base.resv, &fence); > + r = amdgpu_fill_buffer(amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(adev), > + bo, 0, NULL, &fence, > + true, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_TTM_CLEAR_BUFFER); > if (unlikely(r)) > goto fail_unreserve; > > - dma_resv_add_fence(bo->tbo.base.resv, fence, > - DMA_RESV_USAGE_KERNEL); > - dma_fence_put(fence); > + if (fence) { > + dma_resv_add_fence(bo->tbo.base.resv, fence, > + DMA_RESV_USAGE_KERNEL); > + dma_fence_put(fence); > + } > } > if (!bp->resv) > amdgpu_bo_unreserve(bo); > @@ -1326,8 +1330,8 @@ void amdgpu_bo_release_notify(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo) > goto out; > > r = amdgpu_fill_buffer(amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(adev), > - abo, 0, &bo->base._resv, > - &fence, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_CLEAR_ON_RELEASE); > + abo, 0, &bo->base._resv, &fence, > + false, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_CLEAR_ON_RELEASE); > if (WARN_ON(r)) > goto out; > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c > index 648ad344e89c..a3d0998b8cec 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.c > @@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ static int amdgpu_move_blit(struct ttm_buffer_object *bo, > (abo->flags & AMDGPU_GEM_CREATE_VRAM_WIPE_ON_RELEASE)) { > struct dma_fence *wipe_fence = NULL; > r = amdgpu_fill_buffer(entity, abo, 0, NULL, &wipe_fence, > - AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_MOVE_BLIT); > + false, AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_MOVE_BLIT); > if (r) { > goto error; > } else if (wipe_fence) { > @@ -2572,76 +2572,25 @@ static int amdgpu_ttm_fill_mem(struct amdgpu_device *adev, > } > > /** > - * amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer - clear memory buffers > - * @bo: amdgpu buffer object > - * @resv: reservation object > - * @fence: dma_fence associated with the operation > + * amdgpu_fill_buffer - fill a buffer with a given value > + * @entity: entity to use > + * @bo: the bo to fill > + * @src_data: the value to set > + * @resv: fences contained in this reservation will be used as dependencies. > + * @out_fence: the fence from the last clear will be stored here. It might be > + * NULL if no job was run. > + * @dependency: optional input dependency fence. > + * @consider_clear_status: true if region reported as cleared by amdgpu_res_cleared() > + * are skipped. > + * @k_job_id: trace id > * > - * Clear the memory buffer resource. > - * > - * Returns: > - * 0 for success or a negative error code on failure. > */ > -int amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > - struct dma_resv *resv, > - struct dma_fence **fence) > -{ > - struct amdgpu_device *adev = amdgpu_ttm_adev(bo->tbo.bdev); > - struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity; > - struct amdgpu_res_cursor cursor; > - u64 addr; > - int r = 0; > - > - if (!adev->mman.buffer_funcs_enabled) > - return -EINVAL; > - > - if (!fence) > - return -EINVAL; > - entity = &adev->mman.clear_entities[0]; > - *fence = dma_fence_get_stub(); > - > - amdgpu_res_first(bo->tbo.resource, 0, amdgpu_bo_size(bo), &cursor); > - > - mutex_lock(&entity->lock); > - while (cursor.remaining) { > - struct dma_fence *next = NULL; > - u64 size; > - > - if (amdgpu_res_cleared(&cursor)) { > - amdgpu_res_next(&cursor, cursor.size); > - continue; > - } > - > - /* Never clear more than 256MiB at once to avoid timeouts */ > - size = min(cursor.size, 256ULL << 20); > - > - r = amdgpu_ttm_map_buffer(entity, &bo->tbo, bo->tbo.resource, &cursor, > - 0, false, &size, &addr); > - if (r) > - goto err; > - > - r = amdgpu_ttm_fill_mem(adev, entity, 0, addr, size, resv, > - &next, true, > - AMDGPU_KERNEL_JOB_ID_TTM_CLEAR_BUFFER); > - if (r) > - goto err; > - > - dma_fence_put(*fence); > - *fence = next; > - > - amdgpu_res_next(&cursor, size); > - } > -err: > - mutex_unlock(&entity->lock); > - > - return r; > -} > - > int amdgpu_fill_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, We should probably rename the function to amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer() while doing this. Apart from that looks good to me. Regards, Christian. > struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > uint32_t src_data, > struct dma_resv *resv, > - struct dma_fence **f, > + struct dma_fence **out_fence, > + bool consider_clear_status, > u64 k_job_id) > { > struct amdgpu_device *adev = amdgpu_ttm_adev(bo->tbo.bdev); > @@ -2659,6 +2608,11 @@ int amdgpu_fill_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > struct dma_fence *next; > uint64_t cur_size, to; > > + if (consider_clear_status && amdgpu_res_cleared(&dst)) { > + amdgpu_res_next(&dst, dst.size); > + continue; > + } > + > /* Never fill more than 256MiB at once to avoid timeouts */ > cur_size = min(dst.size, 256ULL << 20); > > @@ -2680,9 +2634,7 @@ int amdgpu_fill_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > } > error: > mutex_unlock(&entity->lock); > - if (f) > - *f = dma_fence_get(fence); > - dma_fence_put(fence); > + *out_fence = fence; > return r; > } > > diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h > index a6249252948b..436a3e09a178 100644 > --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h > +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_ttm.h > @@ -187,14 +187,12 @@ int amdgpu_copy_buffer(struct amdgpu_device *adev, > struct dma_resv *resv, > struct dma_fence **fence, > bool vm_needs_flush, uint32_t copy_flags); > -int amdgpu_ttm_clear_buffer(struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > - struct dma_resv *resv, > - struct dma_fence **fence); > int amdgpu_fill_buffer(struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *entity, > struct amdgpu_bo *bo, > uint32_t src_data, > struct dma_resv *resv, > - struct dma_fence **f, > + struct dma_fence **out_fence, > + bool consider_clear_status, > u64 k_job_id); > struct amdgpu_ttm_buffer_entity *amdgpu_ttm_next_clear_entity(struct amdgpu_device *adev); >

5 days, 18 hours

Re: [PATCH] dma-buf: system_heap: Optimize sg_table-to-pages conversion in vmap

by Christian König

On 4/6/26 23:49, Barry Song (Xiaomi) wrote: > From: Xueyuan Chen <Xueyuan.chen21(a)gmail.com> > > Replace the heavy for_each_sgtable_page() iterator in system_heap_do_vmap() > with a more efficient nested loop approach. > > Instead of iterating page by page, we now iterate through the scatterlist > entries via for_each_sgtable_sg(). Because pages within a single sg entry > are physically contiguous, we can populate the page array with a in an > inner loop using simple pointer math. This save a lot of time. > > The WARN_ON check is also pulled out of the loop to save branch > instructions. > > Performance results mapping a 2GB buffer on Radxa O6: > - Before: ~1440000 ns > - After: ~232000 ns > (~84% reduction in iteration time, or ~6.2x faster) Well real question is why do you care about the vmap performance? That should basically only be used for fbdev emulation (except for VMGFX) and we absolutely don't care about performance there. Regards, Christian. > > Cc: Sumit Semwal <sumit.semwal(a)linaro.org> > Cc: Benjamin Gaignard <benjamin.gaignard(a)collabora.com> > Cc: Brian Starkey <Brian.Starkey(a)arm.com> > Cc: John Stultz <jstultz(a)google.com> > Cc: T.J. Mercier <tjmercier(a)google.com> > Cc: Christian König <christian.koenig(a)amd.com> > Signed-off-by: Xueyuan Chen <Xueyuan.chen21(a)gmail.com> > Signed-off-by: Barry Song (Xiaomi) <baohua(a)kernel.org> > --- > drivers/dma-buf/heaps/system_heap.c | 13 +++++++++---- > 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) > > diff --git a/drivers/dma-buf/heaps/system_heap.c b/drivers/dma-buf/heaps/system_heap.c > index b3650d8fd651..769f01f0cc96 100644 > --- a/drivers/dma-buf/heaps/system_heap.c > +++ b/drivers/dma-buf/heaps/system_heap.c > @@ -224,16 +224,21 @@ static void *system_heap_do_vmap(struct system_heap_buffer *buffer) > int npages = PAGE_ALIGN(buffer->len) / PAGE_SIZE; > struct page **pages = vmalloc(sizeof(struct page *) * npages); > struct page **tmp = pages; > - struct sg_page_iter piter; > void *vaddr; > + u32 i, j, count; > + struct page *base_page; > + struct scatterlist *sg; > > if (!pages) > return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); > > - for_each_sgtable_page(table, &piter, 0) { > - WARN_ON(tmp - pages >= npages); > - *tmp++ = sg_page_iter_page(&piter); > + for_each_sgtable_sg(table, sg, i) { > + base_page = sg_page(sg); > + count = sg->length >> PAGE_SHIFT; > + for (j = 0; j < count; j++) > + *tmp++ = base_page + j; > } > + WARN_ON(tmp - pages != npages); > > vaddr = vmap(pages, npages, VM_MAP, PAGE_KERNEL); > vfree(pages);

5 days, 21 hours

Re: [PATCH] dma-buf: heaps: system: document system_cc_shared heap

by T.J. Mercier

On Thu, Apr 2, 2026 at 7:11 AM Jiri Pirko <jiri(a)resnulli.us> wrote: > > From: Jiri Pirko <jiri(a)nvidia.com> > > Document the system_cc_shared dma-buf heap that was introduced > recently. Describe its purpose, availability conditions and > relation to confidential computing VMs. > > Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri(a)nvidia.com> > --- > Documentation/userspace-api/dma-buf-heaps.rst | 8 ++++++++ > 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+) > > diff --git a/Documentation/userspace-api/dma-buf-heaps.rst b/Documentation/userspace-api/dma-buf-heaps.rst > index 05445c83b79a..591732393e7d 100644 > --- a/Documentation/userspace-api/dma-buf-heaps.rst > +++ b/Documentation/userspace-api/dma-buf-heaps.rst > @@ -16,6 +16,14 @@ following heaps: > > - The ``system`` heap allocates virtually contiguous, cacheable, buffers. > > + - The ``system_cc_shared`` heap allocates virtually contiguous, cacheable, > + buffers using shared (decrypted) memory. It is only present on > + confidential computing (CoCo) VMs where memory encryption is active > + (e.g., AMD SEV, Intel TDX). The allocated pages have the encryption > + bit cleared, making them accessible for device DMA without TDISP > + support. On non-CoCo VMs configurations, this heap is "non-CoCo VM configurations" > + not registered. Doesn't seem like you need to wrap this line. with that: Reviewed-by: T.J.Mercier <tjmercier(a)google.com> > + > - The ``default_cma_region`` heap allocates physically contiguous, > cacheable, buffers. Only present if a CMA region is present. Such a > region is usually created either through the kernel commandline Each paragraph starting with '-' confused me for a second there. Those aren't part of the diff. :)

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Re: [PATCH 1/7] drm/shmem-helper: Add lockdep asserts to vmap/vunmap

by Christian König

On 4/2/26 18:13, Bence Csókás wrote: > [Sie erhalten nicht häufig E-Mails von bence.csokas(a)arm.com. Weitere Informationen, warum dies wichtig ist, finden Sie unter https://aka.ms/LearnAboutSenderIdentification ] > > Hi, > > I just came across this commit while researching something else. > Original patch had too few context lines, so I here's the diff with `-U10`. > > On 3/18/25 20:22, Daniel Almeida wrote: >> From: Asahi Lina <lina(a)asahilina.net> >> >> Since commit 21aa27ddc582 ("drm/shmem-helper: Switch to reservation >> lock"), the drm_gem_shmem_vmap and drm_gem_shmem_vunmap functions >> require that the caller holds the DMA reservation lock for the object. >> Add lockdep assertions to help validate this. > > There were already lockdep assertions... Good point, I completely missed that. > >> Signed-off-by: Asahi Lina <lina(a)asahilina.net> >> Signed-off-by: Daniel Almeida <daniel.almeida(a)collabora.com> >> Reviewed-by: Christian König <christian.koenig(a)amd.com> >> Signed-off-by: Lyude Paul <lyude(a)redhat.com> >> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250318-drm-gem-shmem-v1-1-64b96511a84f@collabor… >> --- >> drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c | 4 ++++ >> 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) >> >> diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c >> index aa43265f4f4f..0b41f0346bad 100644 >> --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c >> +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c >> @@ -341,20 +341,22 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(drm_gem_shmem_unpin); >> * >> * Returns: >> * 0 on success or a negative error code on failure. >> */ >> int drm_gem_shmem_vmap_locked(struct drm_gem_shmem_object *shmem, >> struct iosys_map *map) >> { >> struct drm_gem_object *obj = &shmem->base; >> int ret = 0; >> >> + dma_resv_assert_held(obj->resv); >> + >> if (drm_gem_is_imported(obj)) { >> ret = dma_buf_vmap(obj->dma_buf, map); >> } else { >> pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL; >> >> dma_resv_assert_held(shmem->base.resv); > > ... right here, and > >> if (refcount_inc_not_zero(&shmem->vmap_use_count)) { >> iosys_map_set_vaddr(map, shmem->vaddr); >> return 0; >> @@ -401,20 +403,22 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(drm_gem_shmem_vmap_locked); >> * drops to zero. >> * >> * This function hides the differences between dma-buf imported and natively >> * allocated objects. >> */ >> void drm_gem_shmem_vunmap_locked(struct drm_gem_shmem_object *shmem, >> struct iosys_map *map) >> { >> struct drm_gem_object *obj = &shmem->base; >> >> + dma_resv_assert_held(obj->resv); >> + >> if (drm_gem_is_imported(obj)) { >> dma_buf_vunmap(obj->dma_buf, map); >> } else { >> dma_resv_assert_held(shmem->base.resv); > > ...here. > >> if (refcount_dec_and_test(&shmem->vmap_use_count)) { >> vunmap(shmem->vaddr); >> shmem->vaddr = NULL; >> >> drm_gem_shmem_unpin_locked(shmem); > > Or were those insufficient for some reason? If so, should we keep both > of them, or should the older ones have been removed? The dma_buf_vmap()/dma_buf_vunmap() functions require the caller to be holding the reservation lock as well. So it kind of makes sense to move the assertions to the beginning of the functions. Regards, Christian. > > Bence

1 week, 3 days

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