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1 week, 3 days

Re: [PATCH v3 00/10] Add dmabuf read/write via io_uring

by Pavel Begunkov

On 5/7/26 10:50, Ming Lei wrote: ... >>> BTW, inspired by this approach, I adds similar feature to ublk via UBLK_IO_F_SHMEM_ZC >>> which can maintain long-term vfio dma mapping over registered user-place aligned buffer. >> >> Interesting, just too a glance, and it looks like what David Wei >> was thinking to add to fuse, but IIUC he gave up exactly because the >> client will need to cooperate and that could be troublesome. > > Here the cooperation is minimized, maybe one shmem/hugetlb path, or memfd, > and it is one optimization and opt-in, and fallback to normal path > if application doesn't cooperate. My point is that with widely enough adopted interface the user will be able to opportunistically use it without knowledge about the file, i.e. not knowing whether it's ublk or something else. But as you mentioned below, it'd be cooperative interface in either case. >> Should we try to push everything under the same interface instead of >> keeping a ublk specific one? Again to the point that it requires > > If generic interface can be figured out, it shouldn't be a big deal for > ublk to switch to it, and the usage is simple actually. Sure, you'd just need to maintain both as there is a mismatch between interfaces. > So far, ublk supports both FS and nvme block device. > > And cooperation can't be avoided for this usage no matter if generic or > driver specific implementation is taken, for both fuse & ublk. -- Pavel Begunkov

1 week, 3 days

Mastering the Quirky Fun of Drive Mad

by cold.puma.etfk＠hidingmail.net

Ever stumbled upon a game that, despite its simple premise, completely hooks you with its pure, unadulterated fun? That’s exactly the experience many players find with Drive Mad. This charmingly addictive browser game offers a delightful blend of physics-based challenges and surprisingly deep vehicle customization, making it a perfect quick pick-up-and-play for a few minutes or an hour. If you’re looking to dive into some lighthearted, yet engaging, gaming, then look no further than learning how to play and truly experience Drive Mad. What is Drive Mad? The Basics of Bouncing and Building https://drivemadfree.com At its core, Drive Mad is a physics-based driving game where your primary goal is to navigate a vehicle through increasingly outlandish courses. The controls are delightfully straightforward: typically just accelerator, brake, and often a way to tilt your vehicle forward or backward. What makes it interesting, however, is the emphasis on building. Before each level, you’re presented with a basic chassis and a limited budget to add various components: wheels of different sizes and grips, engines with varying power, and even structural elements to help you survive a crash or two. The magic lies in experimenting with these parts to create the most effective (or hilariously ineffective) contraption to tackle the upcoming obstacles. You can find this gem at Drive Mad. From Novice to Mad Driver: Gameplay and Progression The journey in Drive Mad starts simply. Early levels introduce you to basic inclines, gaps, and flat surfaces, allowing you to get a feel for the physics and how different vehicle builds respond. As you progress, the challenges escalate dramatically. You’ll encounter massive ramps, precarious bridges, explosive barrels, and even sections that require careful balancing on a single wheel. Each successful completion of a level earns you more in-game currency, which you can then use to unlock new vehicle parts, expanding your creative possibilities. The satisfaction of finally overcoming a particularly tricky level with a custom-built monster truck or a zippy, lightweight dune buggy is truly rewarding. Tips for Taming the Tracks: Your Guide to Success While Drive Mad is easy to pick up, mastering it requires a bit of strategy. Here are a few friendly tips to help you on your way: • Experiment with Wheels: Don't underestimate the power of different wheel types. Larger wheels offer better clearance and absorb impacts, while smaller wheels can be nimble. Experiment with combinations! • Balance is Key: Especially in later levels, maintaining balance is crucial. Use your tilt controls wisely to prevent your vehicle from flipping over, especially on steep ascents or descents. • Budget Wisely: While it's tempting to splurge on the most powerful engine, sometimes a more balanced build with good wheels and a sturdy frame is more effective than a top-heavy speed demon. • Learn from Crashes: Every glorious explosion or comical flip is a learning opportunity. Pay attention to what caused the failure and adjust your vehicle or driving style accordingly. • Sometimes Less is More: Don’t feel obligated to use every component you can. A simpler, more focused design can sometimes be more robust and effective than an over-engineered behemoth. Conclusion: Embrace the Madness Drive Mad is more than just a simple browser game; it's a testament to the joy of creative problem-solving and the sheer fun of physics-based chaos. Whether you're a seasoned gamer looking for a refreshing break or someone new to the world of digital entertainment, its approachable nature and engaging gameplay make it a fantastic choice. So, next time you have a few minutes to spare, why not hop into the driver's seat, build your dream machine, and see just how far you can drive yourself mad?

1 week, 3 days

Re: [RFC PATCH 04/12] vfio/pci: Allow MMIO regions to be exported through dma-buf

by Alexey Kardashevskiy

On 7/5/26 17:16, Alexey Kardashevskiy wrote: > On 6/5/26 23:16, Jason Gunthorpe wrote: >> On Wed, May 06, 2026 at 12:35:42PM +1000, Alexey Kardashevskiy wrote: >>> Hi! >>> >>> Let's reignite this topic. >>> >>> I've been using these patches + QEMU side hacks for 6+ months. And it's been fine until I got a device where MSIX BAR is in a middle of another BAR marked as TEE in the TDISP interface report. And no trusted MSIX yet. >>> >>> Every time QEMU mmaps a BAR - I request a dmabuf fd from VFIO in QEMU. Since mapping of an entire MSIX BAR is allowed by default, VFIORegion::nr_mmaps==1 and it is an entire BAR. >>> >>> Problem: KVM memslot mismatches the dmabuf fd size >> >> Huh? kvm does not care about dmabuf at all? Are you running other >> patches to hook kvm and dmabuf? > > yup, 06/12 of this patchset. > >> Putting a slice in a dmabuf is a well understood need for MSI, so I >> expect whatever kvm dmabuf interface that gets merged to accomodate >> this? > > good to know. > >>> Solution2: modify logic in VFIO dmabuf to allow multiple KVM memory >>> slots per dmabuf. Now it is kvm_memory_slot::dmabuf_attach with no >>> offset into the dmabuf and one kvm_vfio_dmabuf per dma_buf. >> >> Yes, when kvm learns to take in a dmabuf it needs to take in a slice, >> not the whole buf. Or you need to create multiple dmabufs with the >> necessary slices from the VFIO. The upstream vfio dmabuf creation >> allows creating it with a slice. > > true but either way dmabuf slicing will be directed by QEMU's msix-table emulation MR and this slicing needs to match the TDISP report so I'll have to teach QEMU these reports, right? Or TDISP devices are going to align MSIX BARs to 4K, and QEMU will do the same and it should "just work", and if it does not - the host won't crash. Can this work? Thanks, > I am worried if I miss something obvious, again. Thanks, > > > ps. I like nntp.lore.kernel.org very much for ability to dig out old stuff and then just reply to it :) > >> >> Jason > -- Alexey

1 week, 3 days

[PATCH] drm/virtio: check virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv() return in cursor update

by Deepanshu Kartikey

virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update() calls virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv() but ignores its return value. The function can fail in two ways: - dma_resv_lock_interruptible() returns -ERESTARTSYS when a signal is delivered while waiting for the reservation lock. - dma_resv_reserve_fences() returns -ENOMEM if it fails to allocate a fence slot; in this case lock_resv unlocks before returning. In both cases the resv lock is not held on return. The cursor path proceeds to queue a fenced transfer command. The queue path then walks the object array and calls dma_resv_add_fence() on the cursor BO's reservation. dma_resv_add_fence() requires the resv lock to be held; with lockdep enabled the missing lock trips dma_resv_assert_held(): WARNING: drivers/dma-buf/dma-resv.c:296 at dma_resv_add_fence+0x71e/0x840 Call Trace: virtio_gpu_array_add_fence+0xcd/0x140 virtio_gpu_queue_ctrl_sgs virtio_gpu_queue_fenced_ctrl_buffer+0x578/0xfb0 virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update+0x411/0xbc0 drm_atomic_helper_commit_planes+0x497/0xf10 ... drm_mode_cursor_ioctl+0xd4/0x110 drm_ioctl+0x5e6/0xc60 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x18e/0x210 Beyond the WARN, mutating the dma_resv fence list without the lock races with concurrent readers/writers and can corrupt the list. Check the return value of virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv(). On failure, drop the references taken by virtio_gpu_array_add_obj() with virtio_gpu_array_put_free() (which does not unlock, matching the not-locked state) and return without queueing the command. A skipped cursor frame is harmless; the WARN and the underlying race are not. The bug was reported by syzbot, triggered via fault injection (fail_nth) on the DRM_IOCTL_MODE_CURSOR path, which forces the -ENOMEM branch in dma_resv_reserve_fences(). Reported-by: syzbot+72bd3dd3a5d5f39a0271(a)syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=72bd3dd3a5d5f39a0271 Fixes: 5cfd31c5b3a3 ("drm/virtio: fix virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update().") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Deepanshu Kartikey <kartikey406(a)gmail.com> --- drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c | 5 ++++- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c index a126d1b25f46..ca379b08b9ec 100644 --- a/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c +++ b/drivers/gpu/drm/virtio/virtgpu_plane.c @@ -459,7 +459,10 @@ static void virtio_gpu_cursor_plane_update(struct drm_plane *plane, if (!objs) return; virtio_gpu_array_add_obj(objs, vgfb->base.obj[0]); - virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv(objs); + if (virtio_gpu_array_lock_resv(objs)) { + virtio_gpu_array_put_free(objs); + return; + } virtio_gpu_cmd_transfer_to_host_2d (vgdev, 0, plane->state->crtc_w, -- 2.43.0

1 week, 3 days

Re: [PATCH RFC 21/26] dma-buf: Add the Physical Address List DMA mapping type

by Jason Gunthorpe

On Sat, May 09, 2026 at 01:31:56PM +0800, Xu Yilun wrote: > > Would you be open to an in-between? The exporter and importer both > > have information that should not leak into each other's drivers. > > > > What if the dmabuf mapping type core code was the only thing that had > > access to *BOTH*? The exporter provides the address data, the importer > > provides the iommu_domain. The core code, and only the core code, has > > both and does the required operation? > > I think that may not work for KVM. On IOMMU side, IOMMUFD acts as the > address space (iova) manager and dma_api/IOMMU driver acts as the > actual page table mapper. But for KVM, it is both. KVM doesn't allow > another component to provide an unknown address space (GPA space) and > say "map it", so doesn't expose to other components about "KVM domain". > > Even if we expose "KVM domain", KVM still acts as the importer and the > mapper, is it wierd to say we trust KVM-the-mapper, but don't trust > KVM-the-as-manager? > > Is it also wierd that we trust IOMMU-the-mapper, but don't trust > IOMMUFD-the-as-manager? There are more IOMMU drivers than IOMMUFD... Yeah, it doesn't work well for kvm, and yes it is really weird and worse that phys in every way.. Jason

1 week, 3 days

[PATCH] dma-buf: Fix silent overflow for phys vec to sgt

by David Hu

In case MMIO size is bigger than 4G, and peer2peer dma goes through host bridge, we trigger the code path to assign total linked IVOA, greater than 4G to mapped_len, and leading to a silent overflow Fixes: 3aa31a8bb11e ("dma-buf: provide phys_vec to scatter-gather mapping routine") Signed-off-by: David Hu <xuehaohu(a)google.com> --- drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf-mapping.c | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf-mapping.c b/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf-mapping.c index 794acff2546a..658064140357 100644 --- a/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf-mapping.c +++ b/drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf-mapping.c @@ -95,7 +95,8 @@ struct sg_table *dma_buf_phys_vec_to_sgt(struct dma_buf_attachment *attach, size_t nr_ranges, size_t size, enum dma_data_direction dir) { - unsigned int nents, mapped_len = 0; + unsigned int nents = 0; + size_t mapped_len = 0; struct dma_buf_dma *dma; struct scatterlist *sgl; dma_addr_t addr; -- 2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

1 week, 4 days

Re: [RFC PATCH 04/12] vfio/pci: Allow MMIO regions to be exported through dma-buf

by Jason Gunthorpe

On Thu, May 07, 2026 at 05:16:56PM +1000, Alexey Kardashevskiy wrote: > true but either way dmabuf slicing will be directed by QEMU's > msix-table emulation MR and this slicing needs to match the TDISP > report so I'll have to teach QEMU these reports, right? I am worried > if I miss something obvious, again. Thanks, I don't think so.. It just needs to slice it into the MSI page blindly. When the VM goes to validate the TDISP report against the mappings it will fail to accept the device if there is a mismatch. The only thing qemu could do is fail sooner, but I don't know that is worth the complexity as we do expect all devices to have their MSI range unprotected. Jason

1 week, 4 days

[PATCH] accel/ivpu: Reject PRIME export of userptr BOs

by Ziyi Guo

Userptr BOs wrap pinned user pages in a private dma-buf solely for internal use by the NPU driver. Allowing userspace to re-export such a BO via DRM_IOCTL_PRIME_HANDLE_TO_FD would expose those pages to other drivers through an interface that was never intended to be shared. Override the driver's prime_handle_to_fd callback to detect dma-bufs backed by ivpu_gem_userptr_dmabuf_ops and reject the export with -EINVAL. Signed-off-by: Ziyi Guo <n7l8m4(a)u.northwestern.edu> --- drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_drv.c | 1 + drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.c | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.h | 3 +++ drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem_userptr.c | 5 +++++ 4 files changed, 37 insertions(+) diff --git a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_drv.c b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_drv.c index 2801378e3e19..086d4c769b33 100644 --- a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_drv.c +++ b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_drv.c @@ -545,6 +545,7 @@ static const struct drm_driver driver = { .gem_create_object = ivpu_gem_create_object, .gem_prime_import = ivpu_gem_prime_import, + .prime_handle_to_fd = ivpu_gem_prime_handle_to_fd, .ioctls = ivpu_drm_ioctls, .num_ioctls = ARRAY_SIZE(ivpu_drm_ioctls), diff --git a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.c b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.c index 4f2005a8d496..82079f372b39 100644 --- a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.c +++ b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.c @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ #include <drm/drm_cache.h> #include <drm/drm_debugfs.h> #include <drm/drm_file.h> +#include <drm/drm_prime.h> #include <drm/drm_utils.h> #include "ivpu_drv.h" @@ -249,6 +250,33 @@ struct drm_gem_object *ivpu_gem_prime_import(struct drm_device *dev, return ERR_PTR(ret); } +int ivpu_gem_prime_handle_to_fd(struct drm_device *dev, struct drm_file *file_priv, + u32 handle, u32 flags, int *prime_fd) +{ + struct ivpu_device *vdev = to_ivpu_device(dev); + struct dma_buf *dmabuf; + int fd; + + dmabuf = drm_gem_prime_handle_to_dmabuf(dev, file_priv, handle, flags); + if (IS_ERR(dmabuf)) + return PTR_ERR(dmabuf); + + if (ivpu_gem_is_userptr_dma_buf(dmabuf)) { + ivpu_dbg(vdev, IOCTL, "Exporting userptr BO is not allowed\n"); + dma_buf_put(dmabuf); + return -EINVAL; + } + + fd = dma_buf_fd(dmabuf, flags); + if (fd < 0) { + dma_buf_put(dmabuf); + return fd; + } + + *prime_fd = fd; + return 0; +} + static struct ivpu_bo *ivpu_bo_alloc(struct ivpu_device *vdev, u64 size, u32 flags) { struct drm_gem_shmem_object *shmem; diff --git a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.h b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.h index 0c3350f22b55..bfd15ce02354 100644 --- a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.h +++ b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem.h @@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ void ivpu_bo_unbind_all_bos_from_context(struct ivpu_device *vdev, struct ivpu_m struct drm_gem_object *ivpu_gem_create_object(struct drm_device *dev, size_t size); struct drm_gem_object *ivpu_gem_prime_import(struct drm_device *dev, struct dma_buf *dma_buf); +int ivpu_gem_prime_handle_to_fd(struct drm_device *dev, struct drm_file *file_priv, + u32 handle, u32 flags, int *prime_fd); +bool ivpu_gem_is_userptr_dma_buf(struct dma_buf *dma_buf); struct ivpu_bo *ivpu_bo_create(struct ivpu_device *vdev, struct ivpu_mmu_context *ctx, struct ivpu_addr_range *range, u64 size, u32 flags); struct ivpu_bo *ivpu_bo_create_runtime(struct ivpu_device *vdev, u64 addr, u64 size, u32 flags); diff --git a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem_userptr.c b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem_userptr.c index 7cbf3a4cdc73..45eabea5961e 100644 --- a/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem_userptr.c +++ b/drivers/accel/ivpu/ivpu_gem_userptr.c @@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ static const struct dma_buf_ops ivpu_gem_userptr_dmabuf_ops = { .release = ivpu_gem_userptr_dmabuf_release, }; +bool ivpu_gem_is_userptr_dma_buf(struct dma_buf *dma_buf) +{ + return dma_buf->ops == &ivpu_gem_userptr_dmabuf_ops; +} + static struct dma_buf * ivpu_create_userptr_dmabuf(struct ivpu_device *vdev, void __user *user_ptr, size_t size, uint32_t flags) -- 2.34.1

1 week, 4 days

Demir Döner Merdivenler

by firmadan＠hotmail.com

Modern mimarinin vazgeçilmez yapı elemanlarından biri haline gelen demir döner merdivenler, hem estetik görünümü hem de uzun ömürlü kullanımıyla yaşam alanlarına değer katmaktadır. Özellikle dar alanlarda maksimum kullanım avantajı sunan bu merdiven sistemleri, evlerden iş yerlerine, dubleks dairelerden villa projelerine kadar birçok farklı alanda tercih edilmektedir. Dayanıklı metal yapısı sayesinde yüksek taşıma kapasitesine sahip olan demir döner merdiven modelleri, güvenli kullanım sunarken dekoratif tasarımlarıyla da dikkat çeker. Klasik, modern, endüstriyel veya minimalist dekorasyon stillerine uyum sağlayabilen bu özel merdivenler, mekânın atmosferini tamamen değiştirebilir. Demir döner merdivenlerin en önemli avantajlarından biri yer tasarrufu sağlamasıdır. Geleneksel düz merdivenlere göre daha az alan kaplayan spiral tasarım, özellikle küçük metrekareli alanlarda büyük avantaj sunar. Bu sayede hem kullanışlı hem de şık bir geçiş alanı oluşturulur. Üretim aşamasında kullanılan kaliteli demir malzeme, paslanmaya ve deformasyona karşı yüksek direnç sağlar. Elektrostatik boya uygulamaları sayesinde merdiven yüzeyi uzun yıllar ilk günkü görünümünü korur. İç mekân kullanımının yanı sıra dış mekân projelerinde de tercih edilen demir döner merdivenler, hava koşullarına dayanıklı yapısıyla güven verir. Kişiye özel ölçülerde üretilebilen modeller sayesinde her projeye uygun çözümler sunulabilir. Basamak genişliği, korkuluk tasarımı, renk seçenekleri ve merdiven çapı tamamen ihtiyaca göre şekillendirilebilir. Ahşap basamak detaylarıyla sıcak bir görünüm elde edilebilirken tamamen metal tasarımlarla modern ve güçlü bir atmosfer oluşturulabilir. Demir döner merdivenler sadece bir geçiş aracı değil, aynı zamanda dekoratif bir mimari unsur olarak da öne çıkar. Özellikle loft daireler, teras bağlantıları, çatı katları ve mağaza iç tasarımlarında estetik görünümüyle dikkat çekmektedir. Hem fonksiyonel hem de görsel açıdan güçlü bir çözüm arayanlar için ideal seçenekler arasında yer alır. Uzun ömürlü kullanım, sağlam yapı, estetik görünüm ve alan tasarrufu avantajlarını bir araya getiren demir döner merdiven sistemleri, modern yaşam alanlarının vazgeçilmez tercihleri arasında yer almaktadır. Siz de yaşam alanınıza özel tasarlanmış kaliteli ve şık bir merdiven çözümü ile mekânlarınıza değer katabilirsiniz. Demir döner merdiven https://fakrocatimerdivenleri.com/doner-merdivenler/

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