On Mon, 27 Feb 2017, Arnd Bergmann wrote:
kernels, so the kernel will either always ignore the padding (which is a bit more work for the kernel) or it will always reject nonzero upper bits of the nanoseconds (as 64-bit kernels do today for native tasks, this means more work in 32-bit glibc, or using 64-bit nanoseconds as Zack suggested).
Note that the rejection for native tasks (ones where the userspace "long" type used for tv_nsec is 64-bit) is required. For example, for utimensat, POSIX requires an EINVAL error if "Either of the times argument structures specified a tv_nsec value that was neither UTIME_NOW nor UTIME_OMIT, and was a value less than zero or greater than or equal to 1000 million.". (There are some cases where glibc deals with such rejection itself, if e.g. it's converting an absolute timeout to a relative timeout in order to pass the latter to the kernel.)