From: Michal Hocko mhocko@suse.com

We have received a bug report that an injected MCE about faulty memory prevents memory offline to succeed on 4.4 base kernel. The underlying reason was that the HWPoison page has an elevated reference count and the migration keeps failing. There are two problems with that. First of all it is dubious to migrate the poisoned page because we know that accessing that memory is possible to fail. Secondly it doesn't make any sense to migrate a potentially broken content and preserve the memory corruption over to a new location.

Oscar has found out that 4.4 and the current upstream kernels behave slightly differently with his simply testcase ===

int main(void) { int ret; int i; int fd; char *array = malloc(4096); char *array_locked = malloc(4096);

fd = open("/tmp/data", O_RDONLY); read(fd, array, 4095);

for (i = 0; i < 4096; i++) array_locked[i] = 'd';

ret = mlock((void *)PAGE_ALIGN((unsigned long)array_locked), sizeof(array_locked)); if (ret) perror("mlock");

sleep (20);

ret = madvise((void *)PAGE_ALIGN((unsigned long)array_locked), 4096, MADV_HWPOISON); if (ret) perror("madvise");

for (i = 0; i < 4096; i++) array_locked[i] = 'd';

return 0; } ===

+ offline this memory.

In 4.4 kernels he saw the hwpoisoned page to be returned back to the LRU list kernel: [<ffffffff81019ac9>] dump_trace+0x59/0x340 kernel: [<ffffffff81019e9a>] show_stack_log_lvl+0xea/0x170 kernel: [<ffffffff8101ac71>] show_stack+0x21/0x40 kernel: [<ffffffff8132bb90>] dump_stack+0x5c/0x7c kernel: [<ffffffff810815a1>] warn_slowpath_common+0x81/0xb0 kernel: [<ffffffff811a275c>] __pagevec_lru_add_fn+0x14c/0x160 kernel: [<ffffffff811a2eed>] pagevec_lru_move_fn+0xad/0x100 kernel: [<ffffffff811a334c>] __lru_cache_add+0x6c/0xb0 kernel: [<ffffffff81195236>] add_to_page_cache_lru+0x46/0x70 kernel: [<ffffffffa02b4373>] extent_readpages+0xc3/0x1a0 [btrfs] kernel: [<ffffffff811a16d7>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0x177/0x200 kernel: [<ffffffff811a18c8>] ondemand_readahead+0x168/0x2a0 kernel: [<ffffffff8119673f>] generic_file_read_iter+0x41f/0x660 kernel: [<ffffffff8120e50d>] __vfs_read+0xcd/0x140 kernel: [<ffffffff8120e9ea>] vfs_read+0x7a/0x120 kernel: [<ffffffff8121404b>] kernel_read+0x3b/0x50 kernel: [<ffffffff81215c80>] do_execveat_common.isra.29+0x490/0x6f0 kernel: [<ffffffff81215f08>] do_execve+0x28/0x30 kernel: [<ffffffff81095ddb>] call_usermodehelper_exec_async+0xfb/0x130 kernel: [<ffffffff8161c045>] ret_from_fork+0x55/0x80

And that later confuses the hotremove path because an LRU page is attempted to be migrated and that fails due to an elevated reference count. It is quite possible that the reuse of the HWPoisoned page is some kind of fixed race condition but I am not really sure about that.

With the upstream kernel the failure is slightly different. The page doesn't seem to have LRU bit set but isolate_movable_page simply fails and do_migrate_range simply puts all the isolated pages back to LRU and therefore no progress is made and scan_movable_pages finds same set of pages over and over again.

Fix both cases by explicitly checking HWPoisoned pages before we even try to get a reference on the page, try to unmap it if it is still mapped. As explained by Naoya : Hwpoison code never unmapped those for no big reason because : Ksm pages never dominate memory, so we simply didn't have strong : motivation to save the pages.

Also put WARN_ON(PageLRU) in case there is a race and we can hit LRU HWPoison pages which shouldn't happen but I couldn't convince myself about that. Naoya has noted the following : Theoretically no such gurantee, because try_to_unmap() doesn't have a : guarantee of success and then memory_failure() returns immediately : when hwpoison_user_mappings fails. : Or the following code (comes after hwpoison_user_mappings block) also impli= : es : that the target page can still have PageLRU flag. : : /* : * Torn down by someone else? : */ : if (PageLRU(p) && !PageSwapCache(p) && p->mapping =3D=3D NULL) { : action_result(pfn, MF_MSG_TRUNCATED_LRU, MF_IGNORED); : res =3D -EBUSY; : goto out; : } : : So I think it's OK to keep "if (WARN_ON(PageLRU(page)))" block in : current version of your patch.

Debugged-by: Oscar Salvador osalvador@suse.com Cc: stable Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador osalvador@suse.com Tested-by: Oscar Salvador osalvador@suse.com Acked-by: David Hildenbrand david@redhat.com Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko mhocko@suse.com ---

Hi Andrew, this has been posted as an RFC [1] previously. It took 2 versions to get the patch right but it seems that this one should work reasonably well. I guess we want to have it in linux-next for some time but I do not expect many people do test MCEs + hotremove considering the breakage is old and nobody has noticed so far.

[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181203100309.14784-1-mhocko@kernel.org

mm/memory_hotplug.c | 16 ++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+)

diff --git a/mm/memory_hotplug.c b/mm/memory_hotplug.c index c6c42a7425e5..cfa1a2736876 100644 --- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c +++ b/mm/memory_hotplug.c @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ #include <linux/hugetlb.h> #include <linux/memblock.h> #include <linux/compaction.h> +#include <linux/rmap.h>

#include <asm/tlbflush.h>

@@ -1366,6 +1367,21 @@ do_migrate_range(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn) pfn = page_to_pfn(compound_head(page)) + hpage_nr_pages(page) - 1;

+ /* + * HWPoison pages have elevated reference counts so the migration would + * fail on them. It also doesn't make any sense to migrate them in the + * first place. Still try to unmap such a page in case it is still mapped + * (e.g. current hwpoison implementation doesn't unmap KSM pages but keep + * the unmap as the catch all safety net). + */ + if (PageHWPoison(page)) { + if (WARN_ON(PageLRU(page))) + isolate_lru_page(page); + if (page_mapped(page)) + try_to_unmap(page, TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS); + continue; + } + if (!get_page_unless_zero(page)) continue; /*