From: Suleiman Souhlal suleiman@google.com

[ Upstream commit 108ad0999085df2366dd9ef437573955cb3f5586 ]

When steal time exceeds the measured delta when updating clock_task, we currently try to catch up the excess in future updates. However, this results in inaccurate run times for the future things using clock_task, in some situations, as they end up getting additional steal time that did not actually happen. This is because there is a window between reading the elapsed time in update_rq_clock() and sampling the steal time in update_rq_clock_task(). If the VCPU gets preempted between those two points, any additional steal time is accounted to the outgoing task even though the calculated delta did not actually contain any of that "stolen" time. When this race happens, we can end up with steal time that exceeds the calculated delta, and the previous code would try to catch up that excess steal time in future clock updates, which is given to the next, incoming task, even though it did not actually have any time stolen.

This behavior is particularly bad when steal time can be very long, which we've seen when trying to extend steal time to contain the duration that the host was suspended [0]. When this happens, clock_task stays frozen, during which the running task stays running for the whole duration, since its run time doesn't increase. However the race can happen even under normal operation.

Ideally we would read the elapsed cpu time and the steal time atomically, to prevent this race from happening in the first place, but doing so is non-trivial.

Since the time between those two points isn't otherwise accounted anywhere, neither to the outgoing task nor the incoming task (because the "end of outgoing task" and "start of incoming task" timestamps are the same), I would argue that the right thing to do is to simply drop any excess steal time, in order to prevent these issues.

[0] https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/20240820043543.837914-1-suleiman@google.com/

Signed-off-by: Suleiman Souhlal suleiman@google.com Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) peterz@infradead.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241118043745.1857272-1-suleiman@google.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin sashal@kernel.org --- kernel/sched/core.c | 6 ++++-- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c index 7cf45d506688c..42dad8c8d6f28 100644 --- a/kernel/sched/core.c +++ b/kernel/sched/core.c @@ -279,13 +279,15 @@ static void update_rq_clock_task(struct rq *rq, s64 delta) #endif #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT_TIME_ACCOUNTING if (static_key_false((&paravirt_steal_rq_enabled))) { - steal = paravirt_steal_clock(cpu_of(rq)); + u64 prev_steal; + + steal = prev_steal = paravirt_steal_clock(cpu_of(rq)); steal -= rq->prev_steal_time_rq;

if (unlikely(steal > delta)) steal = delta;

- rq->prev_steal_time_rq += steal; + rq->prev_steal_time_rq = prev_steal; delta -= steal; } #endif