This is a note to let you know that I've just added the patch titled
x86/efi: Build our own page table structures
to the 4.4-stable tree which can be found at: http://www.kernel.org/git/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/stable-queue.git%3Ba=su...
The filename of the patch is: x86-efi-build-our-own-page-table-structures.patch and it can be found in the queue-4.4 subdirectory.
If you, or anyone else, feels it should not be added to the stable tree, please let stable@vger.kernel.org know about it.
From 67a9108ed4313b85a9c53406d80dc1ae3f8c3e36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Matt Fleming matt@codeblueprint.co.uk Date: Fri, 27 Nov 2015 21:09:34 +0000 Subject: x86/efi: Build our own page table structures
From: Matt Fleming matt@codeblueprint.co.uk
commit 67a9108ed4313b85a9c53406d80dc1ae3f8c3e36 upstream.
With commit e1a58320a38d ("x86/mm: Warn on W^X mappings") all users booting on 64-bit UEFI machines see the following warning,
------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 1 at arch/x86/mm/dump_pagetables.c:225 note_page+0x5dc/0x780() x86/mm: Found insecure W+X mapping at address ffff88000005f000/0xffff88000005f000 ... x86/mm: Checked W+X mappings: FAILED, 165660 W+X pages found. ...
This is caused by mapping EFI regions with RWX permissions. There isn't much we can do to restrict the permissions for these regions due to the way the firmware toolchains mix code and data, but we can at least isolate these mappings so that they do not appear in the regular kernel page tables.
In commit d2f7cbe7b26a ("x86/efi: Runtime services virtual mapping") we started using 'trampoline_pgd' to map the EFI regions because there was an existing identity mapping there which we use during the SetVirtualAddressMap() call and for broken firmware that accesses those addresses.
But 'trampoline_pgd' shares some PGD entries with 'swapper_pg_dir' and does not provide the isolation we require. Notably the virtual address for __START_KERNEL_map and MODULES_START are mapped by the same PGD entry so we need to be more careful when copying changes over in efi_sync_low_kernel_mappings().
This patch doesn't go the full mile, we still want to share some PGD entries with 'swapper_pg_dir'. Having completely separate page tables brings its own issues such as synchronising new mappings after memory hotplug and module loading. Sharing also keeps memory usage down.
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming matt@codeblueprint.co.uk Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov bp@suse.de Acked-by: Borislav Petkov bp@suse.de Cc: Andrew Morton akpm@linux-foundation.org Cc: Andy Lutomirski luto@amacapital.net Cc: Andy Lutomirski luto@kernel.org Cc: Ard Biesheuvel ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org Cc: Borislav Petkov bp@alien8.de Cc: Brian Gerst brgerst@gmail.com Cc: Dave Jones davej@codemonkey.org.uk Cc: Denys Vlasenko dvlasenk@redhat.com Cc: H. Peter Anvin hpa@zytor.com Cc: Linus Torvalds torvalds@linux-foundation.org Cc: Peter Zijlstra peterz@infradead.org Cc: Sai Praneeth Prakhya sai.praneeth.prakhya@intel.com Cc: Stephen Smalley sds@tycho.nsa.gov Cc: Thomas Gleixner tglx@linutronix.de Cc: Toshi Kani toshi.kani@hp.com Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1448658575-17029-6-git-send-email-matt@codeblueprin... Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar mingo@kernel.org Cc: "Ghannam, Yazen" Yazen.Ghannam@amd.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman gregkh@linuxfoundation.org
--- arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h | 1 arch/x86/platform/efi/efi.c | 39 +++++----------- arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_32.c | 5 ++ arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_64.c | 97 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 4 files changed, 102 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/efi.h @@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ extern void __init efi_memory_uc(u64 add extern void __init efi_map_region(efi_memory_desc_t *md); extern void __init efi_map_region_fixed(efi_memory_desc_t *md); extern void efi_sync_low_kernel_mappings(void); +extern int __init efi_alloc_page_tables(void); extern int __init efi_setup_page_tables(unsigned long pa_memmap, unsigned num_pages); extern void __init efi_cleanup_page_tables(unsigned long pa_memmap, unsigned num_pages); extern void __init old_map_region(efi_memory_desc_t *md); --- a/arch/x86/platform/efi/efi.c +++ b/arch/x86/platform/efi/efi.c @@ -869,7 +869,7 @@ static void __init kexec_enter_virtual_m * This function will switch the EFI runtime services to virtual mode. * Essentially, we look through the EFI memmap and map every region that * has the runtime attribute bit set in its memory descriptor into the - * ->trampoline_pgd page table using a top-down VA allocation scheme. + * efi_pgd page table. * * The old method which used to update that memory descriptor with the * virtual address obtained from ioremap() is still supported when the @@ -879,8 +879,8 @@ static void __init kexec_enter_virtual_m * * The new method does a pagetable switch in a preemption-safe manner * so that we're in a different address space when calling a runtime - * function. For function arguments passing we do copy the PGDs of the - * kernel page table into ->trampoline_pgd prior to each call. + * function. For function arguments passing we do copy the PUDs of the + * kernel page table into efi_pgd prior to each call. * * Specially for kexec boot, efi runtime maps in previous kernel should * be passed in via setup_data. In that case runtime ranges will be mapped @@ -895,6 +895,12 @@ static void __init __efi_enter_virtual_m
efi.systab = NULL;
+ if (efi_alloc_page_tables()) { + pr_err("Failed to allocate EFI page tables\n"); + clear_bit(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES, &efi.flags); + return; + } + efi_merge_regions(); new_memmap = efi_map_regions(&count, &pg_shift); if (!new_memmap) { @@ -954,28 +960,11 @@ static void __init __efi_enter_virtual_m efi_runtime_mkexec();
/* - * We mapped the descriptor array into the EFI pagetable above but we're - * not unmapping it here. Here's why: - * - * We're copying select PGDs from the kernel page table to the EFI page - * table and when we do so and make changes to those PGDs like unmapping - * stuff from them, those changes appear in the kernel page table and we - * go boom. - * - * From setup_real_mode(): - * - * ... - * trampoline_pgd[0] = init_level4_pgt[pgd_index(__PAGE_OFFSET)].pgd; - * - * In this particular case, our allocation is in PGD 0 of the EFI page - * table but we've copied that PGD from PGD[272] of the EFI page table: - * - * pgd_index(__PAGE_OFFSET = 0xffff880000000000) = 272 - * - * where the direct memory mapping in kernel space is. - * - * new_memmap's VA comes from that direct mapping and thus clearing it, - * it would get cleared in the kernel page table too. + * We mapped the descriptor array into the EFI pagetable above + * but we're not unmapping it here because if we're running in + * EFI mixed mode we need all of memory to be accessible when + * we pass parameters to the EFI runtime services in the + * thunking code. * * efi_cleanup_page_tables(__pa(new_memmap), 1 << pg_shift); */ --- a/arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_32.c +++ b/arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_32.c @@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ * say 0 - 3G. */
+int __init efi_alloc_page_tables(void) +{ + return 0; +} + void efi_sync_low_kernel_mappings(void) {} void __init efi_dump_pagetable(void) {} int __init efi_setup_page_tables(unsigned long pa_memmap, unsigned num_pages) --- a/arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_64.c +++ b/arch/x86/platform/efi/efi_64.c @@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ #include <asm/fixmap.h> #include <asm/realmode.h> #include <asm/time.h> +#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
/* * We allocate runtime services regions bottom-up, starting from -4G, i.e. @@ -121,22 +122,92 @@ void __init efi_call_phys_epilog(pgd_t * early_code_mapping_set_exec(0); }
+static pgd_t *efi_pgd; + +/* + * We need our own copy of the higher levels of the page tables + * because we want to avoid inserting EFI region mappings (EFI_VA_END + * to EFI_VA_START) into the standard kernel page tables. Everything + * else can be shared, see efi_sync_low_kernel_mappings(). + */ +int __init efi_alloc_page_tables(void) +{ + pgd_t *pgd; + pud_t *pud; + gfp_t gfp_mask; + + if (efi_enabled(EFI_OLD_MEMMAP)) + return 0; + + gfp_mask = GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOTRACK | __GFP_REPEAT | __GFP_ZERO; + efi_pgd = (pgd_t *)__get_free_page(gfp_mask); + if (!efi_pgd) + return -ENOMEM; + + pgd = efi_pgd + pgd_index(EFI_VA_END); + + pud = pud_alloc_one(NULL, 0); + if (!pud) { + free_page((unsigned long)efi_pgd); + return -ENOMEM; + } + + pgd_populate(NULL, pgd, pud); + + return 0; +} + /* * Add low kernel mappings for passing arguments to EFI functions. */ void efi_sync_low_kernel_mappings(void) { - unsigned num_pgds; - pgd_t *pgd = (pgd_t *)__va(real_mode_header->trampoline_pgd); + unsigned num_entries; + pgd_t *pgd_k, *pgd_efi; + pud_t *pud_k, *pud_efi;
if (efi_enabled(EFI_OLD_MEMMAP)) return;
- num_pgds = pgd_index(MODULES_END - 1) - pgd_index(PAGE_OFFSET); + /* + * We can share all PGD entries apart from the one entry that + * covers the EFI runtime mapping space. + * + * Make sure the EFI runtime region mappings are guaranteed to + * only span a single PGD entry and that the entry also maps + * other important kernel regions. + */ + BUILD_BUG_ON(pgd_index(EFI_VA_END) != pgd_index(MODULES_END)); + BUILD_BUG_ON((EFI_VA_START & PGDIR_MASK) != + (EFI_VA_END & PGDIR_MASK)); + + pgd_efi = efi_pgd + pgd_index(PAGE_OFFSET); + pgd_k = pgd_offset_k(PAGE_OFFSET); + + num_entries = pgd_index(EFI_VA_END) - pgd_index(PAGE_OFFSET); + memcpy(pgd_efi, pgd_k, sizeof(pgd_t) * num_entries); + + /* + * We share all the PUD entries apart from those that map the + * EFI regions. Copy around them. + */ + BUILD_BUG_ON((EFI_VA_START & ~PUD_MASK) != 0); + BUILD_BUG_ON((EFI_VA_END & ~PUD_MASK) != 0); + + pgd_efi = efi_pgd + pgd_index(EFI_VA_END); + pud_efi = pud_offset(pgd_efi, 0); + + pgd_k = pgd_offset_k(EFI_VA_END); + pud_k = pud_offset(pgd_k, 0); + + num_entries = pud_index(EFI_VA_END); + memcpy(pud_efi, pud_k, sizeof(pud_t) * num_entries);
- memcpy(pgd + pgd_index(PAGE_OFFSET), - init_mm.pgd + pgd_index(PAGE_OFFSET), - sizeof(pgd_t) * num_pgds); + pud_efi = pud_offset(pgd_efi, EFI_VA_START); + pud_k = pud_offset(pgd_k, EFI_VA_START); + + num_entries = PTRS_PER_PUD - pud_index(EFI_VA_START); + memcpy(pud_efi, pud_k, sizeof(pud_t) * num_entries); }
int __init efi_setup_page_tables(unsigned long pa_memmap, unsigned num_pages) @@ -149,8 +220,8 @@ int __init efi_setup_page_tables(unsigne if (efi_enabled(EFI_OLD_MEMMAP)) return 0;
- efi_scratch.efi_pgt = (pgd_t *)(unsigned long)real_mode_header->trampoline_pgd; - pgd = __va(efi_scratch.efi_pgt); + efi_scratch.efi_pgt = (pgd_t *)__pa(efi_pgd); + pgd = efi_pgd;
/* * It can happen that the physical address of new_memmap lands in memory @@ -196,16 +267,14 @@ int __init efi_setup_page_tables(unsigne
void __init efi_cleanup_page_tables(unsigned long pa_memmap, unsigned num_pages) { - pgd_t *pgd = (pgd_t *)__va(real_mode_header->trampoline_pgd); - - kernel_unmap_pages_in_pgd(pgd, pa_memmap, num_pages); + kernel_unmap_pages_in_pgd(efi_pgd, pa_memmap, num_pages); }
static void __init __map_region(efi_memory_desc_t *md, u64 va) { - pgd_t *pgd = (pgd_t *)__va(real_mode_header->trampoline_pgd); unsigned long flags = 0; unsigned long pfn; + pgd_t *pgd = efi_pgd;
if (!(md->attribute & EFI_MEMORY_WB)) flags |= _PAGE_PCD; @@ -314,9 +383,7 @@ void __init efi_runtime_mkexec(void) void __init efi_dump_pagetable(void) { #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_PGT_DUMP - pgd_t *pgd = (pgd_t *)__va(real_mode_header->trampoline_pgd); - - ptdump_walk_pgd_level(NULL, pgd); + ptdump_walk_pgd_level(NULL, efi_pgd); #endif }
Patches currently in stable-queue which might be from matt@codeblueprint.co.uk are
queue-4.4/x86-mm-pat-ensure-cpa-pfn-only-contains-page-frame-numbers.patch queue-4.4/x86-efi-hoist-page-table-switching-code-into-efi_call_virt.patch queue-4.4/x86-efi-build-our-own-page-table-structures.patch