From: Mike Kravetz mike.kravetz@oracle.com
commit 32c877191e022b55fe3a374f3d7e9fb5741c514d upstream.
Patch series "Fix hugetlb free path race with memory errors".
In the discussion of Jiaqi Yan's series "Improve hugetlbfs read on HWPOISON hugepages" the race window was discovered. https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20230616233447.GB7371@monkey/
Freeing a hugetlb page back to low level memory allocators is performed in two steps. 1) Under hugetlb lock, remove page from hugetlb lists and clear destructor 2) Outside lock, allocate vmemmap if necessary and call low level free Between these two steps, the hugetlb page will appear as a normal compound page. However, vmemmap for tail pages could be missing. If a memory error occurs at this time, we could try to update page flags non-existant page structs.
A much more detailed description is in the first patch.
The first patch addresses the race window. However, it adds a hugetlb_lock lock/unlock cycle to every vmemmap optimized hugetlb page free operation. This could lead to slowdowns if one is freeing a large number of hugetlb pages.
The second path optimizes the update_and_free_pages_bulk routine to only take the lock once in bulk operations.
The second patch is technically not a bug fix, but includes a Fixes tag and Cc stable to avoid a performance regression. It can be combined with the first, but was done separately make reviewing easier.
This patch (of 2):
Freeing a hugetlb page and releasing base pages back to the underlying allocator such as buddy or cma is performed in two steps: - remove_hugetlb_folio() is called to remove the folio from hugetlb lists, get a ref on the page and remove hugetlb destructor. This all must be done under the hugetlb lock. After this call, the page can be treated as a normal compound page or a collection of base size pages. - update_and_free_hugetlb_folio() is called to allocate vmemmap if needed and the free routine of the underlying allocator is called on the resulting page. We can not hold the hugetlb lock here.
One issue with this scheme is that a memory error could occur between these two steps. In this case, the memory error handling code treats the old hugetlb page as a normal compound page or collection of base pages. It will then try to SetPageHWPoison(page) on the page with an error. If the page with error is a tail page without vmemmap, a write error will occur when trying to set the flag.
Address this issue by modifying remove_hugetlb_folio() and update_and_free_hugetlb_folio() such that the hugetlb destructor is not cleared until after allocating vmemmap. Since clearing the destructor requires holding the hugetlb lock, the clearing is done in remove_hugetlb_folio() if the vmemmap is present. This saves a lock/unlock cycle. Otherwise, destructor is cleared in update_and_free_hugetlb_folio() after allocating vmemmap.
Note that this will leave hugetlb pages in a state where they are marked free (by hugetlb specific page flag) and have a ref count. This is not a normal state. The only code that would notice is the memory error code, and it is set up to retry in such a case.
A subsequent patch will create a routine to do bulk processing of vmemmap allocation. This will eliminate a lock/unlock cycle for each hugetlb page in the case where we are freeing a large number of pages.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230711220942.43706-1-mike.kravetz@oracle.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230711220942.43706-2-mike.kravetz@oracle.com Fixes: ad2fa3717b74 ("mm: hugetlb: alloc the vmemmap pages associated with each HugeTLB page") Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz mike.kravetz@oracle.com Reviewed-by: Muchun Song songmuchun@bytedance.com Tested-by: Naoya Horiguchi naoya.horiguchi@nec.com Cc: Axel Rasmussen axelrasmussen@google.com Cc: James Houghton jthoughton@google.com Cc: Jiaqi Yan jiaqiyan@google.com Cc: Miaohe Lin linmiaohe@huawei.com Cc: Michal Hocko mhocko@suse.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton akpm@linux-foundation.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman gregkh@linuxfoundation.org --- mm/hugetlb.c | 75 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 51 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c +++ b/mm/hugetlb.c @@ -1580,9 +1580,37 @@ static inline void destroy_compound_giga unsigned int order) { } #endif
+static inline void __clear_hugetlb_destructor(struct hstate *h, + struct folio *folio) +{ + lockdep_assert_held(&hugetlb_lock); + + /* + * Very subtle + * + * For non-gigantic pages set the destructor to the normal compound + * page dtor. This is needed in case someone takes an additional + * temporary ref to the page, and freeing is delayed until they drop + * their reference. + * + * For gigantic pages set the destructor to the null dtor. This + * destructor will never be called. Before freeing the gigantic + * page destroy_compound_gigantic_folio will turn the folio into a + * simple group of pages. After this the destructor does not + * apply. + * + */ + if (hstate_is_gigantic(h)) + folio_set_compound_dtor(folio, NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR); + else + folio_set_compound_dtor(folio, COMPOUND_PAGE_DTOR); +} + /* - * Remove hugetlb folio from lists, and update dtor so that the folio appears - * as just a compound page. + * Remove hugetlb folio from lists. + * If vmemmap exists for the folio, update dtor so that the folio appears + * as just a compound page. Otherwise, wait until after allocating vmemmap + * to update dtor. * * A reference is held on the folio, except in the case of demote. * @@ -1613,31 +1641,19 @@ static void __remove_hugetlb_folio(struc }
/* - * Very subtle - * - * For non-gigantic pages set the destructor to the normal compound - * page dtor. This is needed in case someone takes an additional - * temporary ref to the page, and freeing is delayed until they drop - * their reference. - * - * For gigantic pages set the destructor to the null dtor. This - * destructor will never be called. Before freeing the gigantic - * page destroy_compound_gigantic_folio will turn the folio into a - * simple group of pages. After this the destructor does not - * apply. - * - * This handles the case where more than one ref is held when and - * after update_and_free_hugetlb_folio is called. - * - * In the case of demote we do not ref count the page as it will soon - * be turned into a page of smaller size. + * We can only clear the hugetlb destructor after allocating vmemmap + * pages. Otherwise, someone (memory error handling) may try to write + * to tail struct pages. + */ + if (!folio_test_hugetlb_vmemmap_optimized(folio)) + __clear_hugetlb_destructor(h, folio); + + /* + * In the case of demote we do not ref count the page as it will soon + * be turned into a page of smaller size. */ if (!demote) folio_ref_unfreeze(folio, 1); - if (hstate_is_gigantic(h)) - folio_set_compound_dtor(folio, NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR); - else - folio_set_compound_dtor(folio, COMPOUND_PAGE_DTOR);
h->nr_huge_pages--; h->nr_huge_pages_node[nid]--; @@ -1706,6 +1722,7 @@ static void __update_and_free_hugetlb_fo { int i; struct page *subpage; + bool clear_dtor = folio_test_hugetlb_vmemmap_optimized(folio);
if (hstate_is_gigantic(h) && !gigantic_page_runtime_supported()) return; @@ -1736,6 +1753,16 @@ static void __update_and_free_hugetlb_fo if (unlikely(folio_test_hwpoison(folio))) folio_clear_hugetlb_hwpoison(folio);
+ /* + * If vmemmap pages were allocated above, then we need to clear the + * hugetlb destructor under the hugetlb lock. + */ + if (clear_dtor) { + spin_lock_irq(&hugetlb_lock); + __clear_hugetlb_destructor(h, folio); + spin_unlock_irq(&hugetlb_lock); + } + for (i = 0; i < pages_per_huge_page(h); i++) { subpage = folio_page(folio, i); subpage->flags &= ~(1 << PG_locked | 1 << PG_error |