In the IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA) context, the IOMMU hardware shares and walks the CPU's page tables. The x86 architecture maps the kernel's virtual address space into the upper portion of every process's page table. Consequently, in an SVA context, the IOMMU hardware can walk and cache kernel page table entries.
The Linux kernel currently lacks a notification mechanism for kernel page table changes, specifically when page table pages are freed and reused. The IOMMU driver is only notified of changes to user virtual address mappings. This can cause the IOMMU's internal caches to retain stale entries for kernel VA.
Use-After-Free (UAF) and Write-After-Free (WAF) conditions arise when kernel page table pages are freed and later reallocated. The IOMMU could misinterpret the new data as valid page table entries. The IOMMU might then walk into attacker-controlled memory, leading to arbitrary physical memory DMA access or privilege escalation. This is also a Write-After-Free issue, as the IOMMU will potentially continue to write Accessed and Dirty bits to the freed memory while attempting to walk the stale page tables.
Currently, SVA contexts are unprivileged and cannot access kernel mappings. However, the IOMMU will still walk kernel-only page tables all the way down to the leaf entries, where it realizes the mapping is for the kernel and errors out. This means the IOMMU still caches these intermediate page table entries, making the described vulnerability a real concern.
Disable SVA on x86 architecture until the IOMMU can receive notification to flush the paging cache before freeing the CPU kernel page table pages.
Fixes: 26b25a2b98e4 ("iommu: Bind process address spaces to devices") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe jgg@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu baolu.lu@linux.intel.com --- drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c b/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c index 1a51cfd82808..a0442faad952 100644 --- a/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c +++ b/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c @@ -77,6 +77,9 @@ struct iommu_sva *iommu_sva_bind_device(struct device *dev, struct mm_struct *mm if (!group) return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
+ if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86)) + return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP); + mutex_lock(&iommu_sva_lock);
/* Allocate mm->pasid if necessary. */