September 2025 - Linux-kselftest-mirror

[PATCH v2 00/11] Start porting UML to nolibc

by Benjamin Berg

From: Benjamin Berg <benjamin.berg(a)intel.com> This patchset is an attempt to start a nolibc port of UML. The goal is to port UML to use nolibc in smaller chunks to make the switch more manageable. There are three parts to this patchset: * Two patches to use tools/include headers instead of kernel headers for userspace files. * A few nolibc fixes and a new NOLIBC_NO_STARTCODE compile flag for it * Finally nolibc build support for UML and switching two files while adding the appropriate support in nolibc itself. v1 of this patchset was https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250915071115.1429196-1-benjamin@sipsolutions.… Changes in v2: - add sys/uio.h and sys/ptrace.h to nolibc - Use NOLIBC_NO_RUNTIME to disable nolibc startup code - Fix out-of-tree build - various small improvements and cleanups Should the nolibc changes be merged separately or could everything go through the same branch? Also, what about tools/include/linux/compiler.h? It seems that was added for the tracing code, but it is not clear to me who might ACK that fix. Benjamin Benjamin Berg (11): tools compiler.h: fix __used definition um: use tools/include for user files tools/nolibc/stdio: remove perror if NOLIBC_IGNORE_ERRNO is set tools/nolibc/dirent: avoid errno in readdir_r tools/nolibc: use __fallthrough__ rather than fallthrough tools/nolibc: add option to disable runtime um: add infrastructure to build files using nolibc um: use nolibc for the --showconfig implementation tools/nolibc: add uio.h with readv and writev tools/nolibc: add ptrace support um: switch ptrace FP register access to nolibc arch/um/Makefile | 38 +++++++++++--- arch/um/include/shared/init.h | 2 +- arch/um/include/shared/os.h | 2 + arch/um/include/shared/user.h | 6 --- arch/um/kernel/Makefile | 2 +- arch/um/kernel/skas/stub.c | 1 + arch/um/kernel/skas/stub_exe.c | 4 +- arch/um/os-Linux/skas/process.c | 6 +-- arch/um/os-Linux/start_up.c | 4 +- arch/um/scripts/Makefile.rules | 10 +++- arch/x86/um/Makefile | 6 ++- arch/x86/um/os-Linux/Makefile | 5 +- arch/x86/um/os-Linux/registers.c | 16 ++---- arch/x86/um/user-offsets.c | 1 - tools/include/linux/compiler.h | 2 +- tools/include/nolibc/Makefile | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-arm.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-arm64.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-loongarch.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-m68k.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-mips.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-powerpc.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-riscv.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-s390.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-sh.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-sparc.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/arch-x86.h | 4 ++ tools/include/nolibc/compiler.h | 4 +- tools/include/nolibc/crt.h | 3 ++ tools/include/nolibc/dirent.h | 6 +-- tools/include/nolibc/nolibc.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/stackprotector.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/stdio.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/stdlib.h | 2 + tools/include/nolibc/sys.h | 3 +- tools/include/nolibc/sys/auxv.h | 3 ++ tools/include/nolibc/sys/ptrace.h | 52 ++++++++++++++++++++ tools/include/nolibc/sys/uio.h | 49 ++++++++++++++++++ tools/testing/selftests/nolibc/nolibc-test.c | 11 +++++ 39 files changed, 222 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-) create mode 100644 tools/include/nolibc/sys/ptrace.h create mode 100644 tools/include/nolibc/sys/uio.h -- 2.51.0

35 minutes

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[PATCH] selftests/kexec: Add .gitignore for generated binary

by Madhur Kumar

The test_kexec_jump binary is generated during 'make kselftest' but was not ignored, leading to it appearing as untracked in `git status`. Create a .gitignore file for selftests/kexec and add this generated file to it. Signed-off-by: Madhur Kumar <madhurkumar004(a)gmail.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/kexec/.gitignore | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kexec/.gitignore diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kexec/.gitignore b/tools/testing/selftests/kexec/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..6cbe9a1049f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kexec/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +test_kexec_jump -- 2.51.0

1 hour, 34 minutes

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[PATCH] selftests/cachestat: Add file tmpshmcstat to .gitignore

by Madhur Kumar

The tmpshmcstat file is generated with kselftest run but was not ignored, leading to it appearing as untracked in git status. Add it to .gitignore to silence the warning. Signed-off-by: Madhur Kumar <madhurkumar004(a)gmail.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/cachestat/.gitignore | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/cachestat/.gitignore b/tools/testing/selftests/cachestat/.gitignore index d6c30b43a4bb..abbb13b6e96b 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/cachestat/.gitignore +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/cachestat/.gitignore @@ -1,2 +1,3 @@ # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only test_cachestat +tmpshmcstat -- 2.51.0

1 hour, 55 minutes

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[PATCH RFC 0/3] arm64/gcs: Allow reuse of user managed shadow stacks

by Mark Brown

During the discussion of the clone3() support for shadow stacks concerns were raised from the glibc side that since it is not possible to reuse the allocated shadow stack[1]. This means that the benefit of being able to manage allocations is greatly reduced, for example it is not possible to integrate the shadow stacks into the glibc thread stack cache. The stack can be inspected but otherwise it would have to be unmapped and remapped before it could be used again, it's not clear that this is better than managing things in the kernel. In that discussion I suggested that we could enable reuse by writing a token to the shadow stack of exiting threads, mirroring how the userspace stack pivot instructions write a token to the outgoing stack. As mentioned by Florian[2] glibc already unwinds the stack and exits the thread from the start routine which would integrate nicely with this, the shadow stack pointer will be at the same place as it was when the thread started. This would not write a token if the thread doesn't exit cleanly, that seems viable to me - users should probably handle this by double checking that a token is present after waiting for the thread. This is tagged as a RFC since I put it together fairly quickly to demonstrate the proposal and the suggestion hasn't had much response either way from the glibc developers. At the very least we don't currently handle scheduling during exit(), or distinguish why the thread is exiting. I've also not done anything about x86. [1] https://marc.info/?l=glibc-alpha&m=175821637429537&w=2 [2] https://marc.info/?l=glibc-alpha&m=175733266913483&w=2 Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie(a)kernel.org> --- Mark Brown (3): arm64/gcs: Support reuse of GCS for exited threads kselftest/arm64: Validate PR_SHADOW_STACK_EXIT_TOKEN in basic-gcs kselftest/arm64: Add PR_SHADOW_STACK_EXIT_TOKEN to gcs-locking arch/arm64/include/asm/gcs.h | 3 +- arch/arm64/mm/gcs.c | 25 ++++- include/uapi/linux/prctl.h | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/arm64/gcs/basic-gcs.c | 121 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ tools/testing/selftests/arm64/gcs/gcs-locking.c | 23 +++++ tools/testing/selftests/arm64/gcs/gcs-util.h | 3 +- 6 files changed, 173 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) --- base-commit: 0b67d4b724b4afed2690c21bef418b8a803c5be2 change-id: 20250919-arm64-gcs-exit-token-82c3c2570aad prerequisite-change-id: 20231019-clone3-shadow-stack-15d40d2bf536 Best regards, -- Mark Brown <broonie(a)kernel.org>

5 hours, 42 minutes

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[PATCH v2] mm/memory-failure: Support disabling soft offline for HugeTLB pages

by Kyle Meyer

Soft offlining a HugeTLB page reduces the HugeTLB page pool. Commit 56374430c5dfc ("mm/memory-failure: userspace controls soft-offlining pages") introduced the following sysctl interface to control soft offline: /proc/sys/vm/enable_soft_offline The interface does not distinguish between page types: 0 - Soft offline is disabled 1 - Soft offline is enabled Convert enable_soft_offline to a bitmask and support disabling soft offline for HugeTLB pages: Bits: 0 - Enable soft offline 1 - Disable soft offline for HugeTLB pages Supported values: 0 - Soft offline is disabled 1 - Soft offline is enabled 3 - Soft offline is enabled (disabled for HugeTLB pages) Existing behavior is preserved. Update documentation and HugeTLB soft offline self tests. Reported-by: Shawn Fan <shawn.fan(a)intel.com> Suggested-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck(a)intel.com> Signed-off-by: Kyle Meyer <kyle.meyer(a)hpe.com> --- Tony's patch: * https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250904155720.22149-1-tony.luck@intel.com v1: * https://lore.kernel.org/all/aMGkAI3zKlVsO0S2@hpe.com v1 -> v2: * Make the interface extensible, as suggested by David. * Preserve existing behavior, as suggested by Jiaqi and David. Why clear errno in self tests? madvise() does not set errno when it's successful and errno is set by madvise() during test_soft_offline_common(3) causing test_soft_offline_common(1) to fail: # Test soft-offline when enabled_soft_offline=1 # Hugepagesize is 1048576kB # enable_soft_offline => 1 # Before MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE nr_hugepages=7 # Allocated 0x80000000 bytes of hugetlb pages # MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE 0x7fd600000000 ret=0, errno=95 # MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE should ret 0 # After MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE nr_hugepages=6 not ok 2 Test soft-offline when enabled_soft_offline=1 --- .../ABI/testing/sysfs-memory-page-offline | 3 ++ Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst | 28 ++++++++++++++++--- mm/memory-failure.c | 17 +++++++++-- .../selftests/mm/hugetlb-soft-offline.c | 19 ++++++++++--- 4 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-memory-page-offline b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-memory-page-offline index 00f4e35f916f..d3f05ed6605e 100644 --- a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-memory-page-offline +++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-memory-page-offline @@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ Description: number, or a error when the offlining failed. Reading the file is not allowed. + Soft-offline can be controlled via sysctl, see: + Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst + What: /sys/devices/system/memory/hard_offline_page Date: Sep 2009 KernelVersion: 2.6.33 diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst index 4d71211fdad8..ace73480eb9d 100644 --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/vm.rst @@ -309,19 +309,39 @@ physical memory) vs performance / capacity implications in transparent and HugeTLB cases. For all architectures, enable_soft_offline controls whether to soft offline -memory pages. When set to 1, kernel attempts to soft offline the pages -whenever it thinks needed. When set to 0, kernel returns EOPNOTSUPP to -the request to soft offline the pages. Its default value is 1. +memory pages. + +enable_soft_offline is a bitmask: + +Bits:: + + 0 - Enable soft offline + 1 - Disable soft offline for HugeTLB pages + +Supported values:: + + 0 - Soft offline is disabled + 1 - Soft offline is enabled + 3 - Soft offline is enabled (disabled for HugeTLB pages) + +The default value is 1. + +If soft offline is disabled for the requested page type, EOPNOTSUPP is returned. It is worth mentioning that after setting enable_soft_offline to 0, the following requests to soft offline pages will not be performed: +- Request to soft offline from sysfs (soft_offline_page). + - Request to soft offline pages from RAS Correctable Errors Collector. -- On ARM, the request to soft offline pages from GHES driver. +- On ARM and X86, the request to soft offline pages from GHES driver. - On PARISC, the request to soft offline pages from Page Deallocation Table. +Note: + Soft offlining a HugeTLB page reduces the HugeTLB page pool. + extfrag_threshold ================= diff --git a/mm/memory-failure.c b/mm/memory-failure.c index fc30ca4804bf..0ad9ae11d9e8 100644 --- a/mm/memory-failure.c +++ b/mm/memory-failure.c @@ -64,11 +64,14 @@ #include "internal.h" #include "ras/ras_event.h" +#define SOFT_OFFLINE_ENABLED BIT(0) +#define SOFT_OFFLINE_SKIP_HUGETLB BIT(1) + static int sysctl_memory_failure_early_kill __read_mostly; static int sysctl_memory_failure_recovery __read_mostly = 1; -static int sysctl_enable_soft_offline __read_mostly = 1; +static int sysctl_enable_soft_offline __read_mostly = SOFT_OFFLINE_ENABLED; atomic_long_t num_poisoned_pages __read_mostly = ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(0); @@ -150,7 +153,7 @@ static const struct ctl_table memory_failure_table[] = { .mode = 0644, .proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax, .extra1 = SYSCTL_ZERO, - .extra2 = SYSCTL_ONE, + .extra2 = SYSCTL_THREE, } }; @@ -2799,12 +2802,20 @@ int soft_offline_page(unsigned long pfn, int flags) return -EIO; } - if (!sysctl_enable_soft_offline) { + if (!(sysctl_enable_soft_offline & SOFT_OFFLINE_ENABLED)) { pr_info_once("disabled by /proc/sys/vm/enable_soft_offline\n"); put_ref_page(pfn, flags); return -EOPNOTSUPP; } + if (sysctl_enable_soft_offline & SOFT_OFFLINE_SKIP_HUGETLB) { + if (folio_test_hugetlb(pfn_folio(pfn))) { + pr_info_once("disabled for HugeTLB pages by /proc/sys/vm/enable_soft_offline\n"); + put_ref_page(pfn, flags); + return -EOPNOTSUPP; + } + } + mutex_lock(&mf_mutex); if (PageHWPoison(page)) { diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/hugetlb-soft-offline.c b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/hugetlb-soft-offline.c index f086f0e04756..b87c8778cadf 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/hugetlb-soft-offline.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/hugetlb-soft-offline.c @@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ * offlining failed with EOPNOTSUPP. * - if enable_soft_offline = 1, a hugepage should be dissolved and * nr_hugepages/free_hugepages should be reduced by 1. + * - if enable_soft_offline = 3, hugepages should stay intact and soft + * offlining failed with EOPNOTSUPP. * * Before running, make sure more than 2 hugepages of default_hugepagesz * are allocated. For example, if /proc/meminfo/Hugepagesize is 2048kB: @@ -32,6 +34,9 @@ #define EPREFIX " !!! " +#define SOFT_OFFLINE_ENABLED (1 << 0) +#define SOFT_OFFLINE_SKIP_HUGETLB (1 << 1) + static int do_soft_offline(int fd, size_t len, int expect_errno) { char *filemap = NULL; @@ -56,6 +61,7 @@ static int do_soft_offline(int fd, size_t len, int expect_errno) ksft_print_msg("Allocated %#lx bytes of hugetlb pages\n", len); hwp_addr = filemap + len / 2; + errno = 0; ret = madvise(hwp_addr, pagesize, MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE); ksft_print_msg("MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE %p ret=%d, errno=%d\n", hwp_addr, ret, errno); @@ -83,7 +89,7 @@ static int set_enable_soft_offline(int value) char cmd[256] = {0}; FILE *cmdfile = NULL; - if (value != 0 && value != 1) + if (value < 0 || value > 3) return -EINVAL; sprintf(cmd, "echo %d > /proc/sys/vm/enable_soft_offline", value); @@ -155,13 +161,17 @@ static int create_hugetlbfs_file(struct statfs *file_stat) static void test_soft_offline_common(int enable_soft_offline) { int fd; - int expect_errno = enable_soft_offline ? 0 : EOPNOTSUPP; + int expect_errno = 0; struct statfs file_stat; unsigned long hugepagesize_kb = 0; unsigned long nr_hugepages_before = 0; unsigned long nr_hugepages_after = 0; int ret; + if (!(enable_soft_offline & SOFT_OFFLINE_ENABLED) || + (enable_soft_offline & SOFT_OFFLINE_SKIP_HUGETLB)) + expect_errno = EOPNOTSUPP; + ksft_print_msg("Test soft-offline when enabled_soft_offline=%d\n", enable_soft_offline); @@ -198,7 +208,7 @@ static void test_soft_offline_common(int enable_soft_offline) // No need for the hugetlbfs file from now on. close(fd); - if (enable_soft_offline) { + if (expect_errno == 0) { if (nr_hugepages_before != nr_hugepages_after + 1) { ksft_test_result_fail("MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE should reduced 1 hugepage\n"); return; @@ -219,8 +229,9 @@ static void test_soft_offline_common(int enable_soft_offline) int main(int argc, char **argv) { ksft_print_header(); - ksft_set_plan(2); + ksft_set_plan(3); + test_soft_offline_common(3); test_soft_offline_common(1); test_soft_offline_common(0); -- 2.51.0

7 hours, 27 minutes

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[PATCH] selftests/timers: Skip some posix_timers tests on kernels < 6.13

by Wake Liu

Several tests in the posix_timers selftest fail on kernels older than 6.13. These tests check for timer behavior related to SIG_IGN, which was refactored in the 6.13 kernel cycle, notably by commit caf77435dd8a ("signal: Handle ignored signals in do_sigaction(action != SIG_IGN)"). To ensure the selftests pass on older, stable kernels, gate the affected tests with a ksft_min_kernel_version(6, 13) check. Signed-off-by: Wake Liu <wakel(a)google.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/timers/posix_timers.c | 21 +++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/posix_timers.c b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/posix_timers.c index f0eceb0faf34..f228e51f8b58 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/posix_timers.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/posix_timers.c @@ -256,6 +256,11 @@ static void *ignore_thread(void *arg) static void check_sig_ign(int thread) { + if (!ksft_min_kernel_version(6, 13)) { + // see caf77435dd8a + ksft_test_result_skip("Depends on refactor of posix timers in 6.13\n"); + return; + } struct tmrsig tsig = { }; struct itimerspec its; unsigned int tid = 0; @@ -342,6 +347,10 @@ static void check_sig_ign(int thread) static void check_rearm(void) { + if (!ksft_min_kernel_version(6, 13)) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Depends on refactor of posix timers in 6.13\n"); + return; + } struct tmrsig tsig = { }; struct itimerspec its; struct sigaction sa; @@ -398,6 +407,10 @@ static void check_rearm(void) static void check_delete(void) { + if (!ksft_min_kernel_version(6, 13)) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Depends on refactor of posix timers in 6.13\n"); + return; + } struct tmrsig tsig = { }; struct itimerspec its; struct sigaction sa; @@ -455,6 +468,10 @@ static inline int64_t calcdiff_ns(struct timespec t1, struct timespec t2) static void check_sigev_none(int which, const char *name) { + if (!ksft_min_kernel_version(6, 13)) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Depends on refactor of posix timers in 6.13\n"); + return; + } struct timespec start, now; struct itimerspec its; struct sigevent sev; @@ -493,6 +510,10 @@ static void check_sigev_none(int which, const char *name) static void check_gettime(int which, const char *name) { + if (!ksft_min_kernel_version(6, 13)) { + ksft_test_result_skip("Depends on refactor of posix timers in 6.13\n"); + return; + } struct itimerspec its, prev; struct timespec start, now; struct sigevent sev; -- 2.50.1.703.g449372360f-goog

11 hours, 4 minutes

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[PATCH v2] selftests/timers: Consolidate and fix 32-bit overflow in timespec_sub

by Wake Liu

The timespec_sub function, as implemented in several timer selftests, is prone to integer overflow on 32-bit systems. The calculation `NSEC_PER_SEC * b.tv_sec` is performed using 32-bit arithmetic, and the result overflows before being stored in the 64-bit `ret` variable. This leads to incorrect time delta calculations and test failures. As suggested by tglx, this patch fixes the issue by: 1. Creating a new `static inline` helper function, `timespec_to_ns`, which safely converts a `timespec` to nanoseconds by casting `tv_sec` to `long long` before multiplying with `NSEC_PER_SEC`. 2. Placing the new helper and a rewritten `timespec_sub` into a common header: tools/testing/selftests/timers/helpers.h. 3. Removing the duplicated, buggy implementations from all timer selftests and replacing them with an #include of the new header. This consolidates the code and ensures the calculation is correctly performed using 64-bit arithmetic across all tests. Changes in v2: - Per tglx's feedback, instead of changing NSEC_PER_SEC globally, this version consolidates the buggy timespec_sub() implementations into a new 32-bit safe inline function in a shared header. - Amended the commit message to be more descriptive. --- .../selftests/timers/alarmtimer-suspend.c | 15 +++------ tools/testing/selftests/timers/helpers.h | 31 +++++++++++++++++++ tools/testing/selftests/timers/nanosleep.c | 2 +- tools/testing/selftests/timers/nsleep-lat.c | 12 ++----- .../testing/selftests/timers/valid-adjtimex.c | 8 ++--- 5 files changed, 43 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/timers/helpers.h diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/alarmtimer-suspend.c b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/alarmtimer-suspend.c index a9ef76ea6051..e85ab182abe5 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/alarmtimer-suspend.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/alarmtimer-suspend.c @@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ #include <include/vdso/time64.h> #include <errno.h> #include "../kselftest.h" +#include "helpers.h" -#define UNREASONABLE_LAT (NSEC_PER_SEC * 5) /* hopefully we resume in 5 secs */ +#define UNREASONABLE_LAT (NSEC_PER_SEC * 5LL) /* hopefully we resume in 5 secs */ #define SUSPEND_SECS 15 int alarmcount; @@ -70,14 +71,6 @@ char *clockstring(int clockid) } -long long timespec_sub(struct timespec a, struct timespec b) -{ - long long ret = NSEC_PER_SEC * b.tv_sec + b.tv_nsec; - - ret -= NSEC_PER_SEC * a.tv_sec + a.tv_nsec; - return ret; -} - int final_ret; void sigalarm(int signo) @@ -88,8 +81,8 @@ void sigalarm(int signo) clock_gettime(alarm_clock_id, &ts); alarmcount++; - delta_ns = timespec_sub(start_time, ts); - delta_ns -= NSEC_PER_SEC * SUSPEND_SECS * alarmcount; + delta_ns = timespec_sub(ts, start_time); + delta_ns -= (long long)NSEC_PER_SEC * SUSPEND_SECS * alarmcount; printf("ALARM(%i): %ld:%ld latency: %lld ns ", alarmcount, ts.tv_sec, ts.tv_nsec, delta_ns); diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/helpers.h b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/helpers.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..652f20247091 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/helpers.h @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +#ifndef SELFTESTS_TIMERS_HELPERS_H +#define SELFTESTS_TIMERS_HELPERS_H + +#include <time.h> + +#ifndef NSEC_PER_SEC +#define NSEC_PER_SEC 1000000000L +#endif + +/* + * timespec_to_ns - Convert timespec to nanoseconds + */ +static inline long long timespec_to_ns(const struct timespec *ts) +{ + return ((long long) ts->tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC) + ts->tv_nsec; +} + +/* + * timespec_sub - Subtract two timespec values + * + * @a: first timespec + * @b: second timespec + * + * Returns a - b in nanoseconds. + */ +static inline long long timespec_sub(struct timespec a, struct timespec b) +{ + return timespec_to_ns(&a) - timespec_to_ns(&b); +} + +#endif /* SELFTESTS_TIMERS_HELPERS_H */ diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nanosleep.c b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nanosleep.c index 252c6308c569..41c33629d5f0 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nanosleep.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nanosleep.c @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) fflush(stdout); length = 10; - while (length <= (NSEC_PER_SEC * 10)) { + while (length <= (NSEC_PER_SEC * 10LL)) { ret = nanosleep_test(clockid, length); if (ret == UNSUPPORTED) { ksft_test_result_skip("%-31s\n", clockstring(clockid)); diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nsleep-lat.c b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nsleep-lat.c index de23dc0c9f97..c888a77aab7a 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nsleep-lat.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/nsleep-lat.c @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ #include <signal.h> #include <include/vdso/time64.h> #include "../kselftest.h" +#include "helpers.h" #define UNRESONABLE_LATENCY 40000000 /* 40ms in nanosecs */ @@ -74,14 +75,6 @@ struct timespec timespec_add(struct timespec ts, unsigned long long ns) } -long long timespec_sub(struct timespec a, struct timespec b) -{ - long long ret = NSEC_PER_SEC * b.tv_sec + b.tv_nsec; - - ret -= NSEC_PER_SEC * a.tv_sec + a.tv_nsec; - return ret; -} - int nanosleep_lat_test(int clockid, long long ns) { struct timespec start, end, target; @@ -146,7 +139,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) continue; length = 10; - while (length <= (NSEC_PER_SEC * 10)) { + while (length <= (NSEC_PER_SEC * 10LL)) { ret = nanosleep_lat_test(clockid, length); if (ret) break; @@ -164,3 +157,4 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) ksft_finished(); } + diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/valid-adjtimex.c b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/valid-adjtimex.c index 6b7801055ad1..a61d4b4739a2 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/timers/valid-adjtimex.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/timers/valid-adjtimex.c @@ -260,16 +260,16 @@ int validate_set_offset(void) if (set_offset(-NSEC_PER_SEC - 1, 1)) return -1; - if (set_offset(5 * NSEC_PER_SEC, 1)) + if (set_offset(5LL * NSEC_PER_SEC, 1)) return -1; - if (set_offset(-5 * NSEC_PER_SEC, 1)) + if (set_offset(-5LL * NSEC_PER_SEC, 1)) return -1; - if (set_offset(5 * NSEC_PER_SEC + NSEC_PER_SEC / 2, 1)) + if (set_offset(5LL * NSEC_PER_SEC + NSEC_PER_SEC / 2, 1)) return -1; - if (set_offset(-5 * NSEC_PER_SEC - NSEC_PER_SEC / 2, 1)) + if (set_offset(-5LL * NSEC_PER_SEC - NSEC_PER_SEC / 2, 1)) return -1; if (set_offset(USEC_PER_SEC - 1, 0)) -- 2.51.0.384.g4c02a37b29-goog

11 hours, 13 minutes

2
1
0 0

[PATCH 00/32] ns: support file handles

by Christian Brauner

For a while now we have supported file handles for pidfds. This has proven to be very useful. Extend the concept to cover namespaces as well. After this patchset it is possible to encode and decode namespace file handles using the commong name_to_handle_at() and open_by_handle_at() apis. Namespaces file descriptors can already be derived from pidfds which means they aren't subject to overmount protection bugs. IOW, it's irrelevant if the caller would not have access to an appropriate /proc/<pid>/ns/ directory as they could always just derive the namespace based on a pidfd already. It has the same advantage as pidfds. It's possible to reliably and for the lifetime of the system refer to a namespace without pinning any resources and to compare them. Permission checking is kept simple. If the caller is located in the namespace the file handle refers to they are able to open it otherwise they must hold privilege over the owning namespace of the relevant namespace. Both the network namespace and the mount namespace already have an associated cookie that isn't recycled and is fully exposed to userspace. Move this into ns_common and use the same id space for all namespaces so they can trivially and reliably be compared. There's more coming based on the iterator infrastructure but the series is large enough and focuses on file handles. Extensive selftests included. I still have various other test-suites to run but it holds up so far. Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner(a)kernel.org> --- Christian Brauner (32): pidfs: validate extensible ioctls nsfs: validate extensible ioctls block: use extensible_ioctl_valid() ns: move to_ns_common() to ns_common.h nsfs: add nsfs.h header ns: uniformly initialize ns_common mnt: use ns_common_init() ipc: use ns_common_init() cgroup: use ns_common_init() pid: use ns_common_init() time: use ns_common_init() uts: use ns_common_init() user: use ns_common_init() net: use ns_common_init() ns: remove ns_alloc_inum() nstree: make iterator generic mnt: support iterator cgroup: support iterator ipc: support iterator net: support iterator pid: support iterator time: support iterator userns: support iterator uts: support iterator ns: add to_<type>_ns() to respective headers nsfs: add current_in_namespace() nsfs: support file handles nsfs: support exhaustive file handles nsfs: add missing id retrieval support tools: update nsfs.h uapi header selftests/namespaces: add identifier selftests selftests/namespaces: add file handle selftests block/blk-integrity.c | 8 +- fs/fhandle.c | 6 + fs/internal.h | 1 + fs/mount.h | 10 +- fs/namespace.c | 156 +-- fs/nsfs.c | 266 +++- fs/pidfs.c | 2 +- include/linux/cgroup.h | 5 + include/linux/exportfs.h | 6 + include/linux/fs.h | 14 + include/linux/ipc_namespace.h | 5 + include/linux/ns_common.h | 29 + include/linux/nsfs.h | 40 + include/linux/nsproxy.h | 11 - include/linux/nstree.h | 89 ++ include/linux/pid_namespace.h | 5 + include/linux/proc_ns.h | 32 +- include/linux/time_namespace.h | 9 + include/linux/user_namespace.h | 5 + include/linux/utsname.h | 5 + include/net/net_namespace.h | 6 + include/uapi/linux/fcntl.h | 1 + include/uapi/linux/nsfs.h | 12 +- init/main.c | 2 + ipc/msgutil.c | 1 + ipc/namespace.c | 12 +- ipc/shm.c | 2 + kernel/Makefile | 2 +- kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c | 2 + kernel/cgroup/namespace.c | 24 +- kernel/nstree.c | 233 ++++ kernel/pid_namespace.c | 13 +- kernel/time/namespace.c | 23 +- kernel/user_namespace.c | 17 +- kernel/utsname.c | 28 +- net/core/net_namespace.c | 59 +- tools/include/uapi/linux/nsfs.h | 23 +- tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/.gitignore | 2 + tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/Makefile | 7 + tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/config | 7 + .../selftests/namespaces/file_handle_test.c | 1410 ++++++++++++++++++++ tools/testing/selftests/namespaces/nsid_test.c | 986 ++++++++++++++ 42 files changed, 3306 insertions(+), 270 deletions(-) --- base-commit: 8f5ae30d69d7543eee0d70083daf4de8fe15d585 change-id: 20250905-work-namespace-c68826dda0d4

11 hours, 28 minutes

11
75
0 0

[PATCH net-next v3] selftests: forwarding: Reorder (ar)ping arguments to obey POSIX getopt

by David Yang

Quoted from musl wiki: GNU getopt permutes argv to pull options to the front, ahead of non-option arguments. musl and the POSIX standard getopt stop processing options at the first non-option argument with no permutation. Thus these scripts stop working on musl since non-option arguments for tools using getopt() (in this case, (ar)ping) do not always come last. Fix it by reordering arguments. Signed-off-by: David Yang <mmyangfl(a)gmail.com> --- v2: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250906170440.3513399-1-mmyangfl@gmail.com - fix (ar)ping only v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250905173947.3164807-1-mmyangfl@gmail.com - fix CI errors .../selftests/net/forwarding/custom_multipath_hash.sh | 2 +- .../selftests/net/forwarding/gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh | 2 +- .../selftests/net/forwarding/ip6_forward_instats_vrf.sh | 6 +++--- .../net/forwarding/ip6gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh | 2 +- tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/lib.sh | 8 ++++---- .../selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_bridge_1q_lag.sh | 2 +- .../selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_vlan_bridge_1q.sh | 4 ++-- 7 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/custom_multipath_hash.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/custom_multipath_hash.sh index 7d531f7091e6..5dbfab0e23e3 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/custom_multipath_hash.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/custom_multipath_hash.sh @@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ send_flowlabel() # Generate 16384 echo requests, each with a random flow label. ip vrf exec v$h1 sh -c \ "for _ in {1..16384}; do \ - $PING6 2001:db8:4::2 -F 0 -c 1 -q >/dev/null 2>&1; \ + $PING6 -F 0 -c 1 -q 2001:db8:4::2 >/dev/null 2>&1; \ done" } diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh index dda11a4a9450..b4f17a5bbc61 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh @@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ send_flowlabel() # Generate 16384 echo requests, each with a random flow label. ip vrf exec v$h1 sh -c \ "for _ in {1..16384}; do \ - $PING6 2001:db8:2::2 -F 0 -c 1 -q >/dev/null 2>&1; \ + $PING6 -F 0 -c 1 -q 2001:db8:2::2 >/dev/null 2>&1; \ done" } diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6_forward_instats_vrf.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6_forward_instats_vrf.sh index 49fa94b53a1c..25036e38043c 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6_forward_instats_vrf.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6_forward_instats_vrf.sh @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ ipv6_in_too_big_err() # Send too big packets ip vrf exec $vrf_name \ - $PING6 -s 1300 2001:1:2::2 -c 1 -w $PING_TIMEOUT &> /dev/null + $PING6 -s 1300 -c 1 -w $PING_TIMEOUT 2001:1:2::2 &> /dev/null local t1=$(ipv6_stats_get $rtr1 Ip6InTooBigErrors) test "$((t1 - t0))" -ne 0 @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ ipv6_in_addr_err() # Disable forwarding temporary while sending the packet sysctl -qw net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=0 ip vrf exec $vrf_name \ - $PING6 2001:1:2::2 -c 1 -w $PING_TIMEOUT &> /dev/null + $PING6 -c 1 -w $PING_TIMEOUT 2001:1:2::2 &> /dev/null sysctl -qw net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1 local t1=$(ipv6_stats_get $rtr1 Ip6InAddrErrors) @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ ipv6_in_discard() # Add a policy to discard ip xfrm policy add dst 2001:1:2::2/128 dir fwd action block ip vrf exec $vrf_name \ - $PING6 2001:1:2::2 -c 1 -w $PING_TIMEOUT &> /dev/null + $PING6 -c 1 -w $PING_TIMEOUT 2001:1:2::2 &> /dev/null ip xfrm policy del dst 2001:1:2::2/128 dir fwd local t1=$(ipv6_stats_get $rtr1 Ip6InDiscards) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh index e28b4a079e52..b24acfa52a3a 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/ip6gre_custom_multipath_hash.sh @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ send_flowlabel() # Generate 16384 echo requests, each with a random flow label. ip vrf exec v$h1 sh -c \ "for _ in {1..16384}; do \ - $PING6 2001:db8:2::2 -F 0 -c 1 -q >/dev/null 2>&1; \ + $PING6 -F 0 -c 1 -q 2001:db8:2::2 >/dev/null 2>&1; \ done" } diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/lib.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/lib.sh index 08121cb9dc26..2c252423b326 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/lib.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/lib.sh @@ -1267,8 +1267,8 @@ ping_do() vrf_name=$(master_name_get $if_name) ip vrf exec $vrf_name \ - $PING $args $dip -c $PING_COUNT -i 0.1 \ - -w $PING_TIMEOUT &> /dev/null + $PING $args -c $PING_COUNT -i 0.1 \ + -w $PING_TIMEOUT $dip &> /dev/null } ping_test() @@ -1298,8 +1298,8 @@ ping6_do() vrf_name=$(master_name_get $if_name) ip vrf exec $vrf_name \ - $PING6 $args $dip -c $PING_COUNT -i 0.1 \ - -w $PING_TIMEOUT &> /dev/null + $PING6 $args -c $PING_COUNT -i 0.1 \ + -w $PING_TIMEOUT $dip &> /dev/null } ping6_test() diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_bridge_1q_lag.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_bridge_1q_lag.sh index a20d22d1df36..8d4ae6c952a1 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_bridge_1q_lag.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_bridge_1q_lag.sh @@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ test_lag_slave() ip neigh flush dev br1 setup_wait_dev $up_dev setup_wait_dev $host_dev - $ARPING -I br1 192.0.2.130 -qfc 1 + $ARPING -I br1 -qfc 1 192.0.2.130 sleep 2 mirror_test vrf-h1 192.0.2.1 192.0.2.18 $host_dev 1 ">= 10" diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_vlan_bridge_1q.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_vlan_bridge_1q.sh index 1b902cc579f6..a21c771908b3 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_vlan_bridge_1q.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/forwarding/mirror_gre_vlan_bridge_1q.sh @@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ test_span_gre_forbidden_egress() bridge vlan add dev $swp3 vid 555 # Re-prime FDB - $ARPING -I br1.555 192.0.2.130 -fqc 1 + $ARPING -I br1.555 -fqc 1 192.0.2.130 sleep 1 quick_test_span_gre_dir $tundev @@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ test_span_gre_fdb_roaming() bridge fdb del dev $swp2 $h3mac vlan 555 master 2>/dev/null # Re-prime FDB - $ARPING -I br1.555 192.0.2.130 -fqc 1 + $ARPING -I br1.555 -fqc 1 192.0.2.130 sleep 1 quick_test_span_gre_dir $tundev -- 2.51.0

12 hours, 22 minutes

3
2
0 0

[PATCH v2] selftests: ublk: fix behavior when fio is not installed

by Uday Shankar

Some ublk selftests have strange behavior when fio is not installed. While most tests behave correctly (run if they don't need fio, or skip if they need fio), the following tests have different behavior: - test_null_01, test_null_02, test_generic_01, test_generic_02, and test_generic_12 try to run fio without checking if it exists first, and fail on any failure of the fio command (including "fio command not found"). So these tests fail when they should skip. - test_stress_05 runs fio without checking if it exists first, but doesn't fail on fio command failure. This test passes, but that pass is misleading as the test doesn't do anything useful without fio installed. So this test passes when it should skip. Fix these issues by adding _have_program fio checks to the top of all of these tests. Signed-off-by: Uday Shankar <ushankar(a)purestorage.com> --- Changes in v2: - Also fix test_generic_01, test_generic_02, test_generic_12, which fail on systems where bpftrace is installed but fio is not (Mohit Gupta) - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250916-ublk_fio-v1-1-8d522539eed7@purestorage.c… --- tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_01.sh | 4 ++++ tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_02.sh | 4 ++++ tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_12.sh | 4 ++++ tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_01.sh | 4 ++++ tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_02.sh | 4 ++++ tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_stress_05.sh | 4 ++++ 6 files changed, 24 insertions(+) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_01.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_01.sh index 9227a208ba53128e4a202298316ff77e05607595..21a31cd5491aa79ffe3ad458a0055e832c619325 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_01.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_01.sh @@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ if ! _have_program bpftrace; then exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" fi +if ! _have_program fio; then + exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" +fi + _prep_test "null" "sequential io order" dev_id=$(_add_ublk_dev -t null) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_02.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_02.sh index 3e80121e3bf5e191aa9ffe1f85e1693be4fdc2d2..12920768b1a080d37fcdff93de7a0439101de09e 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_02.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_02.sh @@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ if ! _have_program bpftrace; then exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" fi +if ! _have_program fio; then + exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" +fi + _prep_test "null" "sequential io order for MQ" dev_id=$(_add_ublk_dev -t null -q 2) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_12.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_12.sh index 7abbb00d251df9403857b1c6f53aec8bf8eab176..b4046201b4d99ef5355b845ebea2c9a3924276a5 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_12.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_generic_12.sh @@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ if ! _have_program bpftrace; then exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" fi +if ! _have_program fio; then + exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" +fi + _prep_test "null" "do imbalanced load, it should be balanced over I/O threads" NTHREADS=6 diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_01.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_01.sh index a34203f726685787da80b0e32da95e0fcb90d0b1..c2cb8f7a09fe37a9956d067fd56b28dc7ca6bd68 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_01.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_01.sh @@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ TID="null_01" ERR_CODE=0 +if ! _have_program fio; then + exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" +fi + _prep_test "null" "basic IO test" dev_id=$(_add_ublk_dev -t null) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_02.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_02.sh index 5633ca8766554b22be252c7cb2d13de1bf923b90..8accd35beb55c149f74b23f0fb562e12cbf3e362 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_02.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_null_02.sh @@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ TID="null_02" ERR_CODE=0 +if ! _have_program fio; then + exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" +fi + _prep_test "null" "basic IO test with zero copy" dev_id=$(_add_ublk_dev -t null -z) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_stress_05.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_stress_05.sh index 566cfd90d192ce8c1f98ca2539792d54a787b3d1..274295061042e5db3f4f0846ae63ea9b787fb2ee 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_stress_05.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/ublk/test_stress_05.sh @@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ TID="stress_05" ERR_CODE=0 +if ! _have_program fio; then + exit "$UBLK_SKIP_CODE" +fi + run_io_and_remove() { local size=$1 --- base-commit: da7b97ba0d219a14a83e9cc93f98b53939f12944 change-id: 20250916-ublk_fio-1910998b00b3 Best regards, -- Uday Shankar <ushankar(a)purestorage.com>

13 hours, 45 minutes

3
2
0 0

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Linux-kselftest-mirror September 2025