May 2025 - Linux-kselftest-mirror

[PATCH v6 0/4] mm: introduce THP deferred setting

by Nico Pache

This series is a follow-up to [1], which adds mTHP support to khugepaged. mTHP khugepaged support is a "loose" dependency for the sysfs/sysctl configs to make sense. Without it global="defer" and mTHP="inherit" case is "undefined" behavior. We've seen cases were customers switching from RHEL7 to RHEL8 see a significant increase in the memory footprint for the same workloads. Through our investigations we found that a large contributing factor to the increase in RSS was an increase in THP usage. For workloads like MySQL, or when using allocators like jemalloc, it is often recommended to set /transparent_hugepages/enabled=never. This is in part due to performance degradations and increased memory waste. This series introduces enabled=defer, this setting acts as a middle ground between always and madvise. If the mapping is MADV_HUGEPAGE, the page fault handler will act normally, making a hugepage if possible. If the allocation is not MADV_HUGEPAGE, then the page fault handler will default to the base size allocation. The caveat is that khugepaged can still operate on pages that are not MADV_HUGEPAGE. This allows for three things... one, applications specifically designed to use hugepages will get them, and two, applications that don't use hugepages can still benefit from them without aggressively inserting THPs at every possible chance. This curbs the memory waste, and defers the use of hugepages to khugepaged. Khugepaged can then scan the memory for eligible collapsing. Lastly there is the added benefit for those who want THPs but experience higher latency PFs. Now you can get base page performance at the PF handler and Hugepage performance for those mappings after they collapse. Admins may want to lower max_ptes_none, if not, khugepaged may aggressively collapse single allocations into hugepages. TESTING: - Built for x86_64, aarch64, ppc64le, and s390x - selftests mm - In [1] I provided a script [2] that has multiple access patterns - lots of general use. - redis testing. This test was my original case for the defer mode. What I was able to prove was that THP=always leads to increased max_latency cases; hence why it is recommended to disable THPs for redis servers. However with 'defer' we dont have the max_latency spikes and can still get the system to utilize THPs. I further tested this with the mTHP defer setting and found that redis (and probably other jmalloc users) can utilize THPs via defer (+mTHP defer) without a large latency penalty and some potential gains. I uploaded some mmtest results here[3] which compares: stock+thp=never stock+(m)thp=always khugepaged-mthp + defer (max_ptes_none=64) The results show that (m)THPs can cause some throughput regression in some cases, but also has gains in other cases. The mTHP+defer results have more gains and less losses over the (m)THP=always case. V6 Changes: - nits - rebased dependent series and added review tags V5 Changes: - rebased dependent series - added reviewed-by tag on 2/4 V4 Changes: - Minor Documentation fixes - rebased the dependent series [1] onto mm-unstable commit 0e68b850b1d3 ("vmalloc: use atomic_long_add_return_relaxed()") V3 Changes: - Combined the documentation commits into one, and moved a section to the khugepaged mthp patchset V2 Changes: - base changes on mTHP khugepaged support - Fix selftests parsing issue - add mTHP defer option - add mTHP defer Documentation [1] - https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250515032226.128900-1-npache@redhat.com/ [2] - https://gitlab.com/npache/khugepaged_mthp_test [3] - https://people.redhat.com/npache/mthp_khugepaged_defer/testoutput2/output.h… Nico Pache (4): mm: defer THP insertion to khugepaged mm: document (m)THP defer usage khugepaged: add defer option to mTHP options selftests: mm: add defer to thp setting parser Documentation/admin-guide/mm/transhuge.rst | 31 +++++++--- include/linux/huge_mm.h | 18 +++++- mm/huge_memory.c | 69 +++++++++++++++++++--- mm/khugepaged.c | 8 +-- tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.c | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_settings.h | 1 + 6 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-) -- 2.49.0

16 hours, 59 minutes

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[PATCH v2] selftests: can: Import tst-filter from can-tests

by Felix Maurer

Tests for the can subsystem have been in the can-tests repository[1] so far. Start moving the tests to kernel selftests by importing the current tst-filter test. The test is now named test_raw_filter and is substantially updated to be more aligned with the kernel selftests, follow the coding style, and simplify the validation of received CAN frames. We also include documentation of the test design. The test verifies that the single filters on raw CAN sockets work as expected. We intend to import more tests from can-tests and add additional test cases in the future. The goal of moving the CAN selftests into the tree is to align the tests more closely with the kernel, improve testing of CAN in general, and to simplify running the tests automatically in the various kernel CI systems. [1]: https://github.com/linux-can/can-tests Signed-off-by: Felix Maurer <fmaurer(a)redhat.com> --- Notes: I keep netdev and its reviewers and maintainers in CC because of the changes to their paths in MAINTAINERS, even though Jakub acked them on v1. The change should be merged through linux-can-next and subsequent changes will not go to netdev anymore. I have removed the long form of the licenses in the beginning of the file during the import, as that is covered by the SPDX line anyways. The copyright is left as it was originally. Changes to v1: - link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-can/cover.1745323279.git.fmaurer@redhat.com/ - Squashed import and rewrite into a single commit - Simplified checking of the received flags - Pass the interface name through env (easier with the selftest framework than adding an argument) I have not updated test_raw_filter.sh to work with physical CAN interfaces so far because I don't have one to test this right now and don't think it's a priority for selftests for now. MAINTAINERS | 2 + tools/testing/selftests/Makefile | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/net/can/.gitignore | 2 + tools/testing/selftests/net/can/Makefile | 11 + .../selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.c | 395 ++++++++++++++++++ .../selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.sh | 37 ++ 6 files changed, 448 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/net/can/.gitignore create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/net/can/Makefile create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.c create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.sh diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS index 241ca9e260a2..55749b492ebb 100644 --- a/MAINTAINERS +++ b/MAINTAINERS @@ -5155,6 +5155,7 @@ F: include/uapi/linux/can/isotp.h F: include/uapi/linux/can/raw.h F: net/can/ F: net/sched/em_canid.c +F: tools/testing/selftests/net/can/ CAN-J1939 NETWORK LAYER M: Robin van der Gracht <robin(a)protonic.nl> @@ -16577,6 +16578,7 @@ X: net/ceph/ X: net/mac80211/ X: net/rfkill/ X: net/wireless/ +X: tools/testing/selftests/net/can/ NETWORKING [IPSEC] M: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert(a)secunet.com> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile index 8daac70c2f9d..e5c9ecd52b73 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile @@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ TARGETS += mqueue TARGETS += nci TARGETS += net TARGETS += net/af_unix +TARGETS += net/can TARGETS += net/forwarding TARGETS += net/hsr TARGETS += net/mptcp diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/.gitignore b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..764a53fc837f --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only +test_raw_filter diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..5b82e60a03e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +top_srcdir = ../../../../.. + +CFLAGS += -Wall -Wl,--no-as-needed -O2 -g -I$(top_srcdir)/usr/include $(KHDR_INCLUDES) + +TEST_PROGS := test_raw_filter.sh + +TEST_GEN_FILES := test_raw_filter + +include ../../lib.mk diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.c b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..3c0e43cab1e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.c @@ -0,0 +1,395 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-3-Clause) +/* + * Copyright (c) 2011 Volkswagen Group Electronic Research + * All rights reserved. + */ + +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <string.h> + +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/socket.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#include <sys/time.h> +#include <net/if.h> +#include <linux/if.h> + +#include <linux/can.h> +#include <linux/can/raw.h> + +#include "../../kselftest_harness.h" + +#define ID 0x123 + +char VCANIF[IFNAMSIZ]; + +static int send_can_frames(int sock, int testcase) +{ + struct can_frame frame; + + frame.can_dlc = 1; + frame.data[0] = testcase; + + frame.can_id = ID; + if (write(sock, &frame, sizeof(frame)) < 0) + goto write_err; + + frame.can_id = (ID | CAN_RTR_FLAG); + if (write(sock, &frame, sizeof(frame)) < 0) + goto write_err; + + frame.can_id = (ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG); + if (write(sock, &frame, sizeof(frame)) < 0) + goto write_err; + + frame.can_id = (ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG); + if (write(sock, &frame, sizeof(frame)) < 0) + goto write_err; + + return 0; + +write_err: + perror("write"); + return 1; + +} + +FIXTURE(can_filters) { + int sock; +}; + +FIXTURE_SETUP(can_filters) +{ + struct sockaddr_can addr; + struct ifreq ifr; + int recv_own_msgs = 1; + int s, ret; + + s = socket(PF_CAN, SOCK_RAW, CAN_RAW); + ASSERT_LT(0, s) + TH_LOG("failed to create CAN_RAW socket: %d", errno); + + strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, VCANIF, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name)); + ret = ioctl(s, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr); + ASSERT_LE(0, ret) + TH_LOG("failed SIOCGIFINDEX: %d", errno); + + addr.can_family = AF_CAN; + addr.can_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex; + + setsockopt(s, SOL_CAN_RAW, CAN_RAW_RECV_OWN_MSGS, + &recv_own_msgs, sizeof(recv_own_msgs)); + + ret = bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)); + ASSERT_EQ(0, ret) + TH_LOG("failed bind socket: %d", errno); + + self->sock = s; +} + +FIXTURE_TEARDOWN(can_filters) +{ + close(self->sock); +} + +FIXTURE_VARIANT(can_filters) { + int testcase; + canid_t id; + canid_t mask; + int exp_num_rx; + canid_t exp_flags[]; +}; +#define T_EFF (CAN_EFF_FLAG >> 28) +#define T_RTR (CAN_RTR_FLAG >> 28) + +/* Receive all frames when filtering for the ID in standard frame format */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, base) { + .testcase = 1, + .id = ID, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK, + .exp_num_rx = 4, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Ignore EFF flag in filter ID if not covered by filter mask */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, base_eff) { + .testcase = 2, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK, + .exp_num_rx = 4, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Ignore RTR flag in filter ID if not covered by filter mask */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, base_rtr) { + .testcase = 3, + .id = ID | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK, + .exp_num_rx = 4, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Ignore EFF and RTR flags in filter ID if not covered by filter mask */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, base_effrtr) { + .testcase = 4, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK, + .exp_num_rx = 4, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; + +/* Receive only SFF frames when expecting no EFF flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_eff) { + .testcase = 5, + .id = ID, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive only EFF frames when filter id and filter mask include EFF flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_eff_eff) { + .testcase = 6, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive only SFF frames when expecting no EFF flag, ignoring RTR flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_eff_rtr) { + .testcase = 7, + .id = ID | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive only EFF frames when filter id and filter mask include EFF flag, + * ignoring RTR flag + */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_eff_effrtr) { + .testcase = 8, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; + +/* Receive no remote frames when filtering for no RTR flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_rtr) { + .testcase = 9, + .id = ID, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive no remote frames when filtering for no RTR flag, ignoring EFF flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_rtr_eff) { + .testcase = 10, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive only remote frames when filter includes RTR flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_rtr_rtr) { + .testcase = 11, + .id = ID | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive only remote frames when filter includes RTR flag, ignoring EFF + * flag + */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_rtr_effrtr) { + .testcase = 12, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 2, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; + +/* Receive only SFF data frame when filtering for no flags */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_effrtr) { + .testcase = 13, + .id = ID, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 1, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + }, +}; +/* Receive only EFF data frame when filtering for EFF but no RTR flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_effrtr_eff) { + .testcase = 14, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 1, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive only SFF remote frame when filtering for RTR but no EFF flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_effrtr_rtr) { + .testcase = 15, + .id = ID | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 1, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; +/* Receive only EFF remote frame when filtering for EFF and RTR flag */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, filter_effrtr_effrtr) { + .testcase = 16, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_SFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 1, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + }, +}; + +/* Receive only SFF data frame when filtering for no EFF flag and no RTR flag + * but based on EFF mask + */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, eff) { + .testcase = 17, + .id = ID, + .mask = CAN_EFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 1, + .exp_flags = { + 0, + }, +}; +/* Receive only EFF data frame when filtering for EFF flag and no RTR flag but + * based on EFF mask + */ +FIXTURE_VARIANT_ADD(can_filters, eff_eff) { + .testcase = 18, + .id = ID | CAN_EFF_FLAG, + .mask = CAN_EFF_MASK | CAN_EFF_FLAG | CAN_RTR_FLAG, + .exp_num_rx = 1, + .exp_flags = { + CAN_EFF_FLAG, + }, +}; + +/* This test verifies that the raw CAN filters work, by checking if only frames + * with the expected set of flags are received. For each test case, the given + * filter (id and mask) is added and four CAN frames are sent with every + * combination of set/unset EFF/RTR flags. + */ +TEST_F(can_filters, test_filter) +{ + struct can_filter rfilter; + int ret; + + rfilter.can_id = variant->id; + rfilter.can_mask = variant->mask; + setsockopt(self->sock, SOL_CAN_RAW, CAN_RAW_FILTER, + &rfilter, sizeof(rfilter)); + + TH_LOG("filters: can_id = 0x%08X can_mask = 0x%08X", + rfilter.can_id, rfilter.can_mask); + + ret = send_can_frames(self->sock, variant->testcase); + ASSERT_EQ(0, ret) + TH_LOG("failed to send CAN frames"); + + for (int i = 0; i <= variant->exp_num_rx; i++) { + struct can_frame frame; + struct timeval tv; + fd_set rdfs; + + FD_ZERO(&rdfs); + FD_SET(self->sock, &rdfs); + tv.tv_sec = 0; + tv.tv_usec = 50000; /* 50ms timeout */ + + ret = select(self->sock + 1, &rdfs, NULL, NULL, &tv); + ASSERT_LE(0, ret) + TH_LOG("failed select for frame %d, err: %d)", i, errno); + + ret = FD_ISSET(self->sock, &rdfs); + if (i == variant->exp_num_rx) { + ASSERT_EQ(0, ret) + TH_LOG("too many frames received"); + } else { + ASSERT_NE(0, ret) + TH_LOG("too few frames received"); + + ret = read(self->sock, &frame, sizeof(frame)); + ASSERT_LE(0, ret) + TH_LOG("failed to read frame %d, err: %d", i, errno); + + TH_LOG("rx: can_id = 0x%08X rx = %d", frame.can_id, i); + + ASSERT_EQ(ID, frame.can_id & CAN_SFF_MASK) + TH_LOG("received wrong can_id"); + ASSERT_EQ(variant->testcase, frame.data[0]) + TH_LOG("received wrong test case"); + + ASSERT_EQ(frame.can_id & ~CAN_ERR_MASK, + variant->exp_flags[i]) + TH_LOG("received unexpected flags"); + + } + } +} + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + char *ifname = getenv("VCANIF"); + + if (ifname) { + strncpy(VCANIF, ifname, sizeof(VCANIF) - 1); + } else { + printf("VCANIF environment variable must contain the test interface\n"); + return KSFT_FAIL; + } + + return test_harness_run(argc, argv); +} diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.sh new file mode 100755 index 000000000000..95f45c3c824b --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/can/test_raw_filter.sh @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +ALL_TESTS=" + test_raw_filter +" + +net_dir=$(dirname $0)/.. +source $net_dir/lib.sh + +export VCANIF="vcan0" + +setup() +{ + ip link add name $VCANIF type vcan || exit $ksft_skip + ip link set dev $VCANIF up + pwd +} + +cleanup() +{ + ip link delete $VCANIF +} + +test_raw_filter() +{ + ./test_raw_filter + check_err $? + log_test "test_raw_filter" +} + +trap cleanup EXIT +setup + +tests_run + +exit $EXIT_STATUS -- 2.49.0

18 hours

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[PATCH] kunit: Fix wrong parameter to kunit_deactivate_static_stub()

by Tzung-Bi Shih

kunit_deactivate_static_stub() accepts real_fn_addr instead of replacement_addr. In the case, it always passes NULL to kunit_deactivate_static_stub(). Fix it. Fixes: e047c5eaa763 ("kunit: Expose 'static stub' API to redirect functions") Signed-off-by: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi(a)kernel.org> --- lib/kunit/static_stub.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/lib/kunit/static_stub.c b/lib/kunit/static_stub.c index 92b2cccd5e76..484fd85251b4 100644 --- a/lib/kunit/static_stub.c +++ b/lib/kunit/static_stub.c @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ void __kunit_activate_static_stub(struct kunit *test, /* If the replacement address is NULL, deactivate the stub. */ if (!replacement_addr) { - kunit_deactivate_static_stub(test, replacement_addr); + kunit_deactivate_static_stub(test, real_fn_addr); return; } -- 2.49.0.1101.gccaa498523-goog

21 hours, 55 minutes

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[PATCH] kselftest/pidfd: Make all test functions return int

by Ivan Pravdin

The pidfd_test suite currently defines six test functions, four of which return an int, while the remaining two return void. This is inconsistent. To address this, convert the two void-returning test functions to return int, bringing them in line with the rest. For now, the functions always return 0. Fixes: 740378dc7834b ("pidfd: add polling selftests") Signed-off-by: Ivan Pravdin <ipravdin.official(a)gmail.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_test.c | 6 ++++-- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_test.c index fcd85cad9f18..645ac8e35033 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_test.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_test.c @@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ static int child_poll_exec_test(void *args) return 0; } -static void test_pidfd_poll_exec(int use_waitpid) +static int test_pidfd_poll_exec(int use_waitpid) { int pid, pidfd = 0; int status, ret; @@ -528,6 +528,7 @@ static void test_pidfd_poll_exec(int use_waitpid) ksft_exit_fail_msg("%s test: Failed\n", test_name); else ksft_test_result_pass("%s test: Passed\n", test_name); + return 0; } static void *test_pidfd_poll_leader_exit_thread(void *priv) @@ -558,7 +559,7 @@ static int child_poll_leader_exit_test(void *args) exit(0); } -static void test_pidfd_poll_leader_exit(int use_waitpid) +static int test_pidfd_poll_leader_exit(int use_waitpid) { int pid, pidfd = 0; int status, ret = 0; @@ -608,6 +609,7 @@ static void test_pidfd_poll_leader_exit(int use_waitpid) ksft_exit_fail_msg("%s test: Failed\n", test_name); else ksft_test_result_pass("%s test: Passed\n", test_name); + return 0; } int main(int argc, char **argv) -- 2.45.2

1 day

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[PATCH] kselftest/pidfd: Fix typos in comments

by Ivan Pravdin

Fix typos in comments in pidfd_info_test.c Signed-off-by: Ivan Pravdin <ipravdin.official(a)gmail.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_info_test.c | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_info_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_info_test.c index 1758a1b0457b..53cb429f5fa0 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_info_test.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/pidfd/pidfd_info_test.c @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ static void *pidfd_info_pause_thread(void *arg) close(ipc_socket); - /* Sleep untill we're killed. */ + /* Sleep until we're killed. */ pause(); return NULL; } @@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ TEST_F(pidfd_info, thread_group_exec) EXPECT_EQ(sys_pidfd_send_signal(pidfd_leader, SIGKILL, NULL, 0), 0); /* - * Afte the exec we're dealing with an empty thread-group so now + * After the exec we're dealing with an empty thread-group so now * we must see an exit notification on the thread-specific pidfd * for the thread-group leader as there's no subthread that can * revive the struct pid. @@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ TEST_F(pidfd_info, thread_group_exec_thread) EXPECT_EQ(sys_pidfd_send_signal(pidfd_leader, SIGKILL, NULL, 0), 0); /* - * Afte the exec we're dealing with an empty thread-group so now + * After the exec we're dealing with an empty thread-group so now * we must see an exit notification on the thread-specific pidfd * for the thread-group leader as there's no subthread that can * revive the struct pid. -- 2.45.2

1 day

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[PATCH net v2] selftests: net: validate team flags propagation

by Stanislav Fomichev

Cover three recent cases: 1. missing ops locking for the lowers during netdev_sync_lower_features 2. missing locking for dev_set_promiscuity (plus netdev_ops_assert_locked with a comment on why/when it's needed) 3. rcu lock during team_change_rx_flags Verified that each one triggers when the respective fix is reverted. Not sure about the placement, but since it all relies on teaming, added to the teaming directory. One ugly bit is that I add NETIF_F_LRO to netdevsim; there is no way to trigger netdev_sync_lower_features without it. Signed-off-by: Stanislav Fomichev <stfomichev(a)gmail.com> --- v2: fix cleanup and wrong exit code (Jakub) --- drivers/net/netdevsim/netdev.c | 2 + net/core/dev.c | 10 ++- .../selftests/drivers/net/team/Makefile | 2 +- .../testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/config | 1 + .../selftests/drivers/net/team/propagation.sh | 80 +++++++++++++++++++ 5 files changed, 93 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/propagation.sh diff --git a/drivers/net/netdevsim/netdev.c b/drivers/net/netdevsim/netdev.c index 0e0321a7ddd7..3bd1f8cffee8 100644 --- a/drivers/net/netdevsim/netdev.c +++ b/drivers/net/netdevsim/netdev.c @@ -879,11 +879,13 @@ static void nsim_setup(struct net_device *dev) NETIF_F_SG | NETIF_F_FRAGLIST | NETIF_F_HW_CSUM | + NETIF_F_LRO | NETIF_F_TSO; dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_HW_TC | NETIF_F_SG | NETIF_F_FRAGLIST | NETIF_F_HW_CSUM | + NETIF_F_LRO | NETIF_F_TSO; dev->max_mtu = ETH_MAX_MTU; dev->xdp_features = NETDEV_XDP_ACT_HW_OFFLOAD; diff --git a/net/core/dev.c b/net/core/dev.c index 0d891634c692..4debd4b8e0f5 100644 --- a/net/core/dev.c +++ b/net/core/dev.c @@ -9188,8 +9188,16 @@ static int __dev_set_promiscuity(struct net_device *dev, int inc, bool notify) dev_change_rx_flags(dev, IFF_PROMISC); } - if (notify) + if (notify) { + /* The ops lock is only required to ensure consistent locking + * for `NETDEV_CHANGE` notifiers. This function is sometimes + * called without the lock, even for devices that are ops + * locked, such as in `dev_uc_sync_multiple` when using + * bonding or teaming. + */ + netdev_ops_assert_locked(dev); __dev_notify_flags(dev, old_flags, IFF_PROMISC, 0, NULL); + } return 0; } diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/Makefile index 2d5a76d99181..eaf6938f100e 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/Makefile +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/Makefile @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 # Makefile for net selftests -TEST_PROGS := dev_addr_lists.sh +TEST_PROGS := dev_addr_lists.sh propagation.sh TEST_INCLUDES := \ ../bonding/lag_lib.sh \ diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/config b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/config index b5e3a3aad4bf..636b3525b679 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/config +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/config @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ CONFIG_DUMMY=y CONFIG_IPV6=y CONFIG_MACVLAN=y +CONFIG_NETDEVSIM=m CONFIG_NET_TEAM=y CONFIG_NET_TEAM_MODE_LOADBALANCE=y diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/propagation.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/propagation.sh new file mode 100755 index 000000000000..4bea75b79878 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/team/propagation.sh @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +set -e + +NSIM_LRO_ID=$((256 + RANDOM % 256)) +NSIM_LRO_SYS=/sys/bus/netdevsim/devices/netdevsim$NSIM_LRO_ID + +NSIM_DEV_SYS_NEW=/sys/bus/netdevsim/new_device +NSIM_DEV_SYS_DEL=/sys/bus/netdevsim/del_device + +cleanup() +{ + set +e + ip link del dummyteam &>/dev/null + ip link del team0 &>/dev/null + echo $NSIM_LRO_ID > $NSIM_DEV_SYS_DEL + modprobe -r netdevsim +} + +# Trigger LRO propagation to the lower. +# https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/aBvOpkIoxcr9PfDg@mini-arch/ +team_lro() +{ + # using netdevsim because it supports NETIF_F_LRO + NSIM_LRO_NAME=$(find $NSIM_LRO_SYS/net -maxdepth 1 -type d ! \ + -path $NSIM_LRO_SYS/net -exec basename {} \;) + + ip link add name team0 type team + ip link set $NSIM_LRO_NAME down + ip link set dev $NSIM_LRO_NAME master team0 + ip link set team0 up + ethtool -K team0 large-receive-offload off + + ip link del team0 +} + +# Trigger promisc propagation to the lower during IFLA_MASTER. +# https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20250506032328.3003050-1-sdf@fomichev.me/ +team_promisc() +{ + ip link add name dummyteam type dummy + ip link add name team0 type team + ip link set dummyteam down + ip link set team0 promisc on + ip link set dev dummyteam master team0 + ip link set team0 up + + ip link del team0 + ip link del dummyteam +} + +# Trigger promisc propagation to the lower via netif_change_flags (aka +# ndo_change_rx_flags). +# https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20250514220319.3505158-1-stfomichev@gmail.co… +team_change_flags() +{ + ip link add name dummyteam type dummy + ip link add name team0 type team + ip link set dummyteam down + ip link set dev dummyteam master team0 + ip link set team0 up + ip link set team0 promisc on + + # Make sure we can add more L2 addresses without any issues. + ip link add link team0 address 00:00:00:00:00:01 team0.1 type macvlan + ip link set team0.1 up + + ip link del team0.1 + ip link del team0 + ip link del dummyteam +} + +trap cleanup EXIT +modprobe netdevsim || : +echo $NSIM_LRO_ID > $NSIM_DEV_SYS_NEW +udevadm settle +team_lro +team_promisc +team_change_flags -- 2.49.0

1 day, 4 hours

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[PATCH] selftests: nci: Fix "Electrnoics" to "Electronics"

by Sumanth Gavini

Fix misspelling reported by codespell Signed-off-by: Sumanth Gavini <sumanth.gavini(a)yahoo.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/nci/nci_dev.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/nci/nci_dev.c b/tools/testing/selftests/nci/nci_dev.c index 1562aa7d60b0..6dec59d64083 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/nci/nci_dev.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/nci/nci_dev.c @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only /* - * Copyright (C) 2021 Samsung Electrnoics + * Copyright (C) 2021 Samsung Electronics * Bongsu Jeon <bongsu.jeon(a)samsung.com> * * Test code for nci -- 2.43.0

1 day, 4 hours

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[PATCH] selftests: net: Fix spellings

by Sumanth Gavini

Fix "withouth" to "without" Fix "instaces" to "instances" Signed-off-by: Sumanth Gavini <sumanth.gavini(a)yahoo.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/net/srv6_end_flavors_test.sh | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/srv6_end_flavors_test.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/srv6_end_flavors_test.sh index 50563443a4ad..318487eda671 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/srv6_end_flavors_test.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/srv6_end_flavors_test.sh @@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ __get_srv6_rtcfg_id() # Given the description of a router <id:op> as an input, the function returns # the <op> token which represents the operation (e.g. End behavior with or -# withouth flavors) configured for the node. +# without flavors) configured for the node. # Note that when the operation represents an End behavior with a list of # flavors, the output is the ordered version of that list. @@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ setup_rt_local_sids() # all SIDs start with a common locator. Routes and SRv6 Endpoint - # behavior instaces are grouped together in the 'localsid' table. + # behavior instances are grouped together in the 'localsid' table. ip -netns "${nsname}" -6 rule \ add to "${LOCATOR_SERVICE}::/16" \ lookup "${LOCALSID_TABLE_ID}" prio 999 -- 2.43.0

1 day, 4 hours

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[PATCH v15 00/27] riscv control-flow integrity for usermode

by Deepak Gupta

Basics and overview =================== Software with larger attack surfaces (e.g. network facing apps like databases, browsers or apps relying on browser runtimes) suffer from memory corruption issues which can be utilized by attackers to bend control flow of the program to eventually gain control (by making their payload executable). Attackers are able to perform such attacks by leveraging call-sites which rely on indirect calls or return sites which rely on obtaining return address from stack memory. To mitigate such attacks, risc-v extension zicfilp enforces that all indirect calls must land on a landing pad instruction `lpad` else cpu will raise software check exception (a new cpu exception cause code on riscv). Similarly for return flow, risc-v extension zicfiss extends architecture with - `sspush` instruction to push return address on a shadow stack - `sspopchk` instruction to pop return address from shadow stack and compare with input operand (i.e. return address on stack) - `sspopchk` to raise software check exception if comparision above was a mismatch - Protection mechanism using which shadow stack is not writeable via regular store instructions More information an details can be found at extensions github repo [1]. Equivalent to landing pad (zicfilp) on x86 is `ENDBRANCH` instruction in Intel CET [3] and branch target identification (BTI) [4] on arm. Similarly x86's Intel CET has shadow stack [5] and arm64 has guarded control stack (GCS) [6] which are very similar to risc-v's zicfiss shadow stack. x86 and arm64 support for user mode shadow stack is already in mainline. Kernel awareness for user control flow integrity ================================================ This series picks up Samuel Holland's envcfg changes [2] as well. So if those are being applied independently, they should be removed from this series. Enabling: In order to maintain compatibility and not break anything in user mode, kernel doesn't enable control flow integrity cpu extensions on binary by default. Instead exposes a prctl interface to enable, disable and lock the shadow stack or landing pad feature for a task. This allows userspace (loader) to enumerate if all objects in its address space are compiled with shadow stack and landing pad support and accordingly enable the feature. Additionally if a subsequent `dlopen` happens on a library, user mode can take a decision again to disable the feature (if incoming library is not compiled with support) OR terminate the task (if user mode policy is strict to have all objects in address space to be compiled with control flow integirty cpu feature). prctl to enable shadow stack results in allocating shadow stack from virtual memory and activating for user address space. x86 and arm64 are also following same direction due to similar reason(s). clone/fork: On clone and fork, cfi state for task is inherited by child. Shadow stack is part of virtual memory and is a writeable memory from kernel perspective (writeable via a restricted set of instructions aka shadow stack instructions) Thus kernel changes ensure that this memory is converted into read-only when fork/clone happens and COWed when fault is taken due to sspush, sspopchk or ssamoswap. In case `CLONE_VM` is specified and shadow stack is to be enabled, kernel will automatically allocate a shadow stack for that clone call. map_shadow_stack: x86 introduced `map_shadow_stack` system call to allow user space to explicitly map shadow stack memory in its address space. It is useful to allocate shadow for different contexts managed by a single thread (green threads or contexts) risc-v implements this system call as well. signal management: If shadow stack is enabled for a task, kernel performs an asynchronous control flow diversion to deliver the signal and eventually expects userspace to issue sigreturn so that original execution can be resumed. Even though resume context is prepared by kernel, it is in user space memory and is subject to memory corruption and corruption bugs can be utilized by attacker in this race window to perform arbitrary sigreturn and eventually bypass cfi mechanism. Another issue is how to ensure that cfi related state on sigcontext area is not trampled by legacy apps or apps compiled with old kernel headers. In order to mitigate control-flow hijacting, kernel prepares a token and place it on shadow stack before signal delivery and places address of token in sigcontext structure. During sigreturn, kernel obtains address of token from sigcontext struture, reads token from shadow stack and validates it and only then allow sigreturn to succeed. Compatiblity issue is solved by adopting dynamic sigcontext management introduced for vector extension. This series re-factor the code little bit to allow future sigcontext management easy (as proposed by Andy Chiu from SiFive) config and compilation: Introduce a new risc-v config option `CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI`. Selecting this config option picks the kernel support for user control flow integrity. This optin is presented only if toolchain has shadow stack and landing pad support. And is on purpose guarded by toolchain support. Reason being that eventually vDSO also needs to be compiled in with shadow stack and landing pad support. vDSO compile patches are not included as of now because landing pad labeling scheme is yet to settle for usermode runtime. To get more information on kernel interactions with respect to zicfilp and zicfiss, patch series adds documentation for `zicfilp` and `zicfiss` in following: Documentation/arch/riscv/zicfiss.rst Documentation/arch/riscv/zicfilp.rst How to test this series ======================= Toolchain --------- $ git clone git@github.com:sifive/riscv-gnu-toolchain.git -b cfi-dev $ riscv-gnu-toolchain/configure --prefix=<path-to-where-to-build> --with-arch=rv64gc_zicfilp_zicfiss --enable-linux --disable-gdb --with-extra-multilib-test="rv64gc_zicfilp_zicfiss-lp64d:-static" $ make -j$(nproc) Qemu ---- Get the lastest qemu $ cd qemu $ mkdir build $ cd build $ ../configure --target-list=riscv64-softmmu $ make -j$(nproc) Opensbi ------- $ git clone git@github.com:deepak0414/opensbi.git -b v6_cfi_spec_split_opensbi $ make CROSS_COMPILE=<your riscv toolchain> -j$(nproc) PLATFORM=generic Linux ----- Running defconfig is fine. CFI is enabled by default if the toolchain supports it. $ make ARCH=riscv CROSS_COMPILE=<path-to-cfi-riscv-gnu-toolchain>/build/bin/riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu- -j$(nproc) defconfig $ make ARCH=riscv CROSS_COMPILE=<path-to-cfi-riscv-gnu-toolchain>/build/bin/riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu- -j$(nproc) In case you're building your own rootfs using toolchain, please make sure you pick following patch to ensure that vDSO compiled with lpad and shadow stack. "arch/riscv: compile vdso with landing pad" Branch where above patch can be picked https://github.com/deepak0414/linux-riscv-cfi/tree/vdso_user_cfi_v6.12-rc1 Running ------- Modify your qemu command to have: -bios <path-to-cfi-opensbi>/build/platform/generic/firmware/fw_dynamic.bin -cpu rv64,zicfilp=true,zicfiss=true,zimop=true,zcmop=true vDSO related Opens (in the flux) ================================= I am listing these opens for laying out plan and what to expect in future patch sets. And of course for the sake of discussion. Shadow stack and landing pad enabling in vDSO ---------------------------------------------- vDSO must have shadow stack and landing pad support compiled in for task to have shadow stack and landing pad support. This patch series doesn't enable that (yet). Enabling shadow stack support in vDSO should be straight forward (intend to do that in next versions of patch set). Enabling landing pad support in vDSO requires some collaboration with toolchain folks to follow a single label scheme for all object binaries. This is necessary to ensure that all indirect call-sites are setting correct label and target landing pads are decorated with same label scheme. How many vDSOs --------------- Shadow stack instructions are carved out of zimop (may be operations) and if CPU doesn't implement zimop, they're illegal instructions. Kernel could be running on a CPU which may or may not implement zimop. And thus kernel will have to carry 2 different vDSOs and expose the appropriate one depending on whether CPU implements zimop or not. References ========== [1] - https://github.com/riscv/riscv-cfi [2] - https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240814081126.956287-1-samuel.holland@sifive.c… [3] - https://lwn.net/Articles/889475/ [4] - https://developer.arm.com/documentation/109576/0100/Branch-Target-Identific… [5] - https://www.intel.com/content/dam/develop/external/us/en/documents/catc17-i… [6] - https://lwn.net/Articles/940403/ To: Thomas Gleixner <tglx(a)linutronix.de> To: Ingo Molnar <mingo(a)redhat.com> To: Borislav Petkov <bp(a)alien8.de> To: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen(a)linux.intel.com> To: x86(a)kernel.org To: H. Peter Anvin <hpa(a)zytor.com> To: Andrew Morton <akpm(a)linux-foundation.org> To: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett(a)oracle.com> To: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka(a)suse.cz> To: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes(a)oracle.com> To: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley(a)sifive.com> To: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer(a)dabbelt.com> To: Albert Ou <aou(a)eecs.berkeley.edu> To: Conor Dooley <conor(a)kernel.org> To: Rob Herring <robh(a)kernel.org> To: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk+dt(a)kernel.org> To: Arnd Bergmann <arnd(a)arndb.de> To: Christian Brauner <brauner(a)kernel.org> To: Peter Zijlstra <peterz(a)infradead.org> To: Oleg Nesterov <oleg(a)redhat.com> To: Eric Biederman <ebiederm(a)xmission.com> To: Kees Cook <kees(a)kernel.org> To: Jonathan Corbet <corbet(a)lwn.net> To: Shuah Khan <shuah(a)kernel.org> To: Jann Horn <jannh(a)google.com> To: Conor Dooley <conor+dt(a)kernel.org> To: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda(a)kernel.org> To: Alex Gaynor <alex.gaynor(a)gmail.com> To: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng(a)gmail.com> To: Gary Guo <gary(a)garyguo.net> To: Björn Roy Baron <bjorn3_gh(a)protonmail.com> To: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin(a)proton.me> To: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg(a)kernel.org> To: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl(a)google.com> To: Trevor Gross <tmgross(a)umich.edu> Cc: linux-kernel(a)vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-fsdevel(a)vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-mm(a)kvack.org Cc: linux-riscv(a)lists.infradead.org Cc: devicetree(a)vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-arch(a)vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-doc(a)vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-kselftest(a)vger.kernel.org Cc: alistair.francis(a)wdc.com Cc: richard.henderson(a)linaro.org Cc: jim.shu(a)sifive.com Cc: andybnac(a)gmail.com Cc: kito.cheng(a)sifive.com Cc: charlie(a)rivosinc.com Cc: atishp(a)rivosinc.com Cc: evan(a)rivosinc.com Cc: cleger(a)rivosinc.com Cc: alexghiti(a)rivosinc.com Cc: samitolvanen(a)google.com Cc: broonie(a)kernel.org Cc: rick.p.edgecombe(a)intel.com Cc: rust-for-linux(a)vger.kernel.org changelog --------- v15: - Toolchain has been updated to include `-fcf-protection` flag. This exists for x86 as well. Updated kernel patches to compile vDSO and selftest to compile with `fcf-protection=full` flag. - selecting CONFIG_RISCV_USERCFI selects CONFIG_RISCV_SBI. - Patch to enable shadow stack for kernel wasn't hidden behind CONFIG_RISCV_USERCFI and CONFIG_RISCV_SBI. fixed that. v14: - rebased on top of palmer/sbi-v3. Thus dropped clement's FWFT patches Updated RISCV_ISA_EXT_XXXX in hwcap and hwprobe constants. - Took Radim's suggestions on bitfields. - Placed cfi_state at the end of thread_info block so that current situation is not disturbed with respect to member fields of thread_info in single cacheline. v13: - cpu_supports_shadow_stack/cpu_supports_indirect_br_lp_instr uses riscv_has_extension_unlikely() - uses nops(count) to create nop slide - RISCV_ACQUIRE_BARRIER is not needed in `amo_user_shstk`. Removed it - changed ternaries to simply use implicit casting to convert to bool. - kernel command line allows to disable zicfilp and zicfiss independently. updated kernel-parameters.txt. - ptrace user abi for cfi uses bitmasks instead of bitfields. Added ptrace kselftest. - cosmetic and grammatical changes to documentation. v12: - It seems like I had accidently squashed arch agnostic indirect branch tracking prctl and riscv implementation of those prctls. Split them again. - set_shstk_status/set_indir_lp_status perform CSR writes only when CPU support is available. As suggested by Zong Li. - Some minor clean up in kselftests as suggested by Zong Li. v11: - patch "arch/riscv: compile vdso with landing pad" was unconditionally selecting `_zicfilp` for vDSO compile. fixed that. Changed `lpad 1` to to `lpad 0`. v10: - dropped "mm: helper `is_shadow_stack_vma` to check shadow stack vma". This patch is not that interesting to this patch series for risc-v. There are instances in arch directories where VM_SHADOW_STACK flag is anyways used. Dropping this patch to expedite merging in riscv tree. - Took suggestions from `Clement` on "riscv: zicfiss / zicfilp enumeration" to validate presence of cfi based on config. - Added a patch for vDSO to have `lpad 0`. I had omitted this earlier to make sure we add single vdso object with cfi enabled. But a vdso object with scheme of zero labeled landing pad is least common denominator and should work with all objects of zero labeled as well as function-signature labeled objects. v9: - rebased on master (39a803b754d5 fix braino in "9p: fix ->rename_sem exclusion") - dropped "mm: Introduce ARCH_HAS_USER_SHADOW_STACK" (master has it from arm64/gcs) - dropped "prctl: arch-agnostic prctl for shadow stack" (master has it from arm64/gcs) v8: - rebased on palmer/for-next - dropped samuel holland's `envcfg` context switch patches. they are in parlmer/for-next v7: - Removed "riscv/Kconfig: enable HAVE_EXIT_THREAD for riscv" Instead using `deactivate_mm` flow to clean up. see here for more context https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230908203655.543765-1-rick.p.edgecombe@intel.… - Changed the header include in `kselftest`. Hopefully this fixes compile issue faced by Zong Li at SiFive. - Cleaned up an orphaned change to `mm/mmap.c` in below patch "riscv/mm : ensure PROT_WRITE leads to VM_READ | VM_WRITE" - Lock interfaces for shadow stack and indirect branch tracking expect arg == 0 Any future evolution of this interface should accordingly define how arg should be setup. - `mm/map.c` has an instance of using `VM_SHADOW_STACK`. Fixed it to use helper `is_shadow_stack_vma`. - Link to v6: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241008-v5_user_cfi_series-v6-0-60d9fe073f37@riv… v6: - Picked up Samuel Holland's changes as is with `envcfg` placed in `thread` instead of `thread_info` - fixed unaligned newline escapes in kselftest - cleaned up messages in kselftest and included test output in commit message - fixed a bug in clone path reported by Zong Li - fixed a build issue if CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V is not selected (this was introduced due to re-factoring signal context management code) v5: - rebased on v6.12-rc1 - Fixed schema related issues in device tree file - Fixed some of the documentation related issues in zicfilp/ss.rst (style issues and added index) - added `SHADOW_STACK_SET_MARKER` so that implementation can define base of shadow stack. - Fixed warnings on definitions added in usercfi.h when CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI is not selected. - Adopted context header based signal handling as proposed by Andy Chiu - Added support for enabling kernel mode access to shadow stack using FWFT (https://github.com/riscv-non-isa/riscv-sbi-doc/blob/master/src/ext-firmware…) - Link to v5: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241001-v5_user_cfi_series-v1-0-3ba65b6e550f@riv… (Note: I had an issue in my workflow due to which version number wasn't picked up correctly while sending out patches) v4: - rebased on 6.11-rc6 - envcfg: Converged with Samuel Holland's patches for envcfg management on per- thread basis. - vma_is_shadow_stack is renamed to is_vma_shadow_stack - picked up Mark Brown's `ARCH_HAS_USER_SHADOW_STACK` patch - signal context: using extended context management to maintain compatibility. - fixed `-Wmissing-prototypes` compiler warnings for prctl functions - Documentation fixes and amending typos. - Link to v4: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240912231650.3740732-1-debug@rivosinc.com/ v3: - envcfg logic to pick up base envcfg had a bug where `ENVCFG_CBZE` could have been picked on per task basis, even though CPU didn't implement it. Fixed in this series. - dt-bindings As suggested, split into separate commit. fixed the messaging that spec is in public review - arch_is_shadow_stack change arch_is_shadow_stack changed to vma_is_shadow_stack - hwprobe zicfiss / zicfilp if present will get enumerated in hwprobe - selftests As suggested, added object and binary filenames to .gitignore Selftest binary anyways need to be compiled with cfi enabled compiler which will make sure that landing pad and shadow stack are enabled. Thus removed separate enable/disable tests. Cleaned up tests a bit. - Link to v3: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20240403234054.2020347-1-debug@rivosinc.com/ v2: - Using config `CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI`, kernel support for riscv control flow integrity for user mode programs can be compiled in the kernel. - Enabling of control flow integrity for user programs is left to user runtime - This patch series introduces arch agnostic `prctls` to enable shadow stack and indirect branch tracking. And implements them on riscv. --- Changes in v15: - changelog posted just below cover letter - Link to v14: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250429-v5_user_cfi_series-v14-0-5239410d012a@ri… Changes in v14: - changelog posted just below cover letter - Link to v13: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250424-v5_user_cfi_series-v13-0-971437de586a@ri… Changes in v13: - changelog posted just below cover letter - Link to v12: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250314-v5_user_cfi_series-v12-0-e51202b53138@ri… Changes in v12: - changelog posted just below cover letter - Link to v11: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250310-v5_user_cfi_series-v11-0-86b36cbfb910@ri… Changes in v11: - changelog posted just below cover letter - Link to v10: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250210-v5_user_cfi_series-v10-0-163dcfa31c60@ri… --- Andy Chiu (1): riscv: signal: abstract header saving for setup_sigcontext Deepak Gupta (25): mm: VM_SHADOW_STACK definition for riscv dt-bindings: riscv: zicfilp and zicfiss in dt-bindings (extensions.yaml) riscv: zicfiss / zicfilp enumeration riscv: zicfiss / zicfilp extension csr and bit definitions riscv: usercfi state for task and save/restore of CSR_SSP on trap entry/exit riscv/mm : ensure PROT_WRITE leads to VM_READ | VM_WRITE riscv mm: manufacture shadow stack pte riscv mmu: teach pte_mkwrite to manufacture shadow stack PTEs riscv mmu: write protect and shadow stack riscv/mm: Implement map_shadow_stack() syscall riscv/shstk: If needed allocate a new shadow stack on clone riscv: Implements arch agnostic shadow stack prctls prctl: arch-agnostic prctl for indirect branch tracking riscv: Implements arch agnostic indirect branch tracking prctls riscv/traps: Introduce software check exception riscv/signal: save and restore of shadow stack for signal riscv/kernel: update __show_regs to print shadow stack register riscv/ptrace: riscv cfi status and state via ptrace and in core files riscv/hwprobe: zicfilp / zicfiss enumeration in hwprobe riscv: kernel command line option to opt out of user cfi riscv: enable kernel access to shadow stack memory via FWFT sbi call riscv: create a config for shadow stack and landing pad instr support riscv: Documentation for landing pad / indirect branch tracking riscv: Documentation for shadow stack on riscv kselftest/riscv: kselftest for user mode cfi Jim Shu (1): arch/riscv: compile vdso with landing pad Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt | 8 + Documentation/arch/riscv/index.rst | 2 + Documentation/arch/riscv/zicfilp.rst | 115 +++++ Documentation/arch/riscv/zicfiss.rst | 179 +++++++ .../devicetree/bindings/riscv/extensions.yaml | 14 + arch/riscv/Kconfig | 21 + arch/riscv/Makefile | 5 +- arch/riscv/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h | 1 + arch/riscv/include/asm/assembler.h | 44 ++ arch/riscv/include/asm/cpufeature.h | 12 + arch/riscv/include/asm/csr.h | 16 + arch/riscv/include/asm/entry-common.h | 2 + arch/riscv/include/asm/hwcap.h | 2 + arch/riscv/include/asm/mman.h | 25 + arch/riscv/include/asm/mmu_context.h | 7 + arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h | 30 +- arch/riscv/include/asm/processor.h | 2 + arch/riscv/include/asm/thread_info.h | 3 + arch/riscv/include/asm/usercfi.h | 95 ++++ arch/riscv/include/asm/vector.h | 3 + arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/hwprobe.h | 2 + arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h | 34 ++ arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/sigcontext.h | 1 + arch/riscv/kernel/Makefile | 1 + arch/riscv/kernel/asm-offsets.c | 8 + arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c | 13 + arch/riscv/kernel/entry.S | 33 +- arch/riscv/kernel/head.S | 27 + arch/riscv/kernel/process.c | 26 +- arch/riscv/kernel/ptrace.c | 95 ++++ arch/riscv/kernel/signal.c | 148 +++++- arch/riscv/kernel/sys_hwprobe.c | 2 + arch/riscv/kernel/sys_riscv.c | 10 + arch/riscv/kernel/traps.c | 43 ++ arch/riscv/kernel/usercfi.c | 545 +++++++++++++++++++++ arch/riscv/kernel/vdso/Makefile | 6 + arch/riscv/kernel/vdso/flush_icache.S | 4 + arch/riscv/kernel/vdso/getcpu.S | 4 + arch/riscv/kernel/vdso/rt_sigreturn.S | 4 + arch/riscv/kernel/vdso/sys_hwprobe.S | 4 + arch/riscv/mm/init.c | 2 +- arch/riscv/mm/pgtable.c | 17 + include/linux/cpu.h | 4 + include/linux/mm.h | 7 + include/uapi/linux/elf.h | 2 + include/uapi/linux/prctl.h | 27 + kernel/sys.c | 30 ++ tools/testing/selftests/riscv/Makefile | 2 +- tools/testing/selftests/riscv/cfi/.gitignore | 3 + tools/testing/selftests/riscv/cfi/Makefile | 10 + tools/testing/selftests/riscv/cfi/cfi_rv_test.h | 82 ++++ tools/testing/selftests/riscv/cfi/riscv_cfi_test.c | 173 +++++++ tools/testing/selftests/riscv/cfi/shadowstack.c | 385 +++++++++++++++ tools/testing/selftests/riscv/cfi/shadowstack.h | 27 + 54 files changed, 2338 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-) --- base-commit: 4181f8ad7a1061efed0219951d608d4988302af7 change-id: 20240930-v5_user_cfi_series-3dc332f8f5b2 -- - debug

1 day, 5 hours

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[PATCH v1 0/6] VMM can handle guest SEA via KVM_EXIT_ARM_SEA

by Jiaqi Yan

Problem ======= When host APEI is unable to claim synchronous external abort (SEA) during stage-2 guest abort, today KVM directly injects an async SError into the VCPU then resumes it. The injected SError usually results in unpleasant guest kernel panic. One of the major situation of guest SEA is when VCPU consumes recoverable uncorrected memory error (UER), which is not uncommon at all in modern datacenter servers with large amounts of physical memory. Although SError and guest panic is sufficient to stop the propagation of corrupted memory there is still room to recover from memory UER in a more graceful manner. Proposed Solution ================= Alternatively KVM can replay the SEA to the faulting VCPU, via existing KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS API. If the memory poison consumption or the fault that cause SEA is not from guest kernel, the blast radius can be limited to the consuming or faulting guest userspace process, so the VM can keep running. In addition, instead of doing under the hood without involving userspace, there are benefits to redirect the SEA to VMM: - VM customers care about the disruptions caused by memory errors, and VMM usually has the responsibility to start the process of notifying the customers of memory error events in their VMs. For example some cloud provider emits a critical log in their observability UI [1], and provides playbook for customers on how to mitigate disruptions to their workloads. - VMM can protect future memory error consumption or faults by unmapping the poisoned pages from stage-2 page table with KVM userfault [2], which is more performant than splitting the memslot that contains the poisoned guest pages. - VMM can keep track SEA events in the VM. When VMM thinks the status on the host or the VM is bad enough, e.g. number of distinct SEAs exceeds a threshold, it can restart the VM on another healthy host. - Behavior parity with x86 architecture. When machine check exception (MCE) is caused by VCPU, kernel or KVM signals userspace SIGBUS to let VMM either recover from the MCE, or terminate itself with VM. The prior RFC proposes to implement SIGBUS on arm64 as well, but Marc preferred VCPU exit over signal [3]. However, implementation aside, returning SEA to VMM is on par with returning MCE to VMM. Once SEA is redirected to VMM, among other actions, VMM is encouraged to inject external aborts into the faulting VCPU, which is already supported by KVM on arm64, although not fully supported by KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS but complemented in this patchset. New UAPIs ========= This patchset introduces following userspace-visiable changes to empower VMM to control what happens next for guest SEA: - KVM_CAP_ARM_SEA_TO_USER. If userspace enables this new capability at VM creation, KVM will not inject SError while taking SEA, but VM exit to userspace. - KVM_EXIT_ARM_SEA. This is the VM exit reason VMM gets. The details about the SEA is provided in arm_sea as much as possible, including ESR value at EL2, if guest virtual and physical addresses (GPA and GVA) are available and the values if available. - KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_EXT_IABT. VMM today can inject external data abort to VCPU via KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS API. However, in case of instruction abort, VMM cannot inject it via KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS. KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_EXT_IABT is just a natural extend to KVM_CAP_ARM_INJECT_EXT_DABT that tells VMM KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS now supports external instruction abort. Patchset utilizes commit 26fbdf369227 ("KVM: arm64: Don't translate FAR if invalid/unsafe") from [4], available already in kvmarm/next. [4] makes KVM safely do address translation for HPFAR_EL2, including at the event of SEA, and indicate if HPFAR_EL2 is valid in NS bit. This patchset depends on [4] to tell userspace if GPA is valid and its value if valid. Patchset is based on commit 68ec8b4e84446 ("Merge branch kvm-arm64/pkvm-6.16 into kvmarm-master/next") [1] https://cloud.google.com/solutions/sap/docs/manage-host-errors [2] https://lpc.events/event/18/contributions/1757/attachments/1442/3073/LPC_%2… [3] https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/86pljbqqh0.wl-maz@kernel.org [4] https://lore.kernel.org/all/174369514508.3034362.13165690020799838042.b4-ty… Jiaqi Yan (5): KVM: arm64: VM exit to userspace to handle SEA KVM: arm64: Set FnV for VCPU when FAR_EL2 is invalid KVM: selftests: Test for KVM_EXIT_ARM_SEA and KVM_CAP_ARM_SEA_TO_USER KVM: selftests: Test for KVM_CAP_INJECT_EXT_IABT Documentation: kvm: new uAPI for handling SEA Raghavendra Rao Ananta (1): KVM: arm64: Allow userspace to inject external instruction aborts Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst | 120 ++++++- arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h | 12 + arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 8 + arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_ras.h | 21 +- arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 3 +- arch/arm64/kvm/Makefile | 3 +- arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c | 6 + arch/arm64/kvm/guest.c | 13 +- arch/arm64/kvm/inject_fault.c | 3 + arch/arm64/kvm/kvm_ras.c | 54 +++ arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c | 12 +- include/uapi/linux/kvm.h | 12 + tools/arch/arm64/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h | 3 +- tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile.kvm | 2 + .../testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/inject_iabt.c | 100 ++++++ .../testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/sea_to_user.c | 324 ++++++++++++++++++ tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c | 1 + 17 files changed, 654 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-) create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kvm/kvm_ras.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/inject_iabt.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/arm64/sea_to_user.c -- 2.49.0.967.g6a0df3ecc3-goog

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