June 2024 - Linux-kselftest-mirror

[PATCH] selftests/mm: Introduce a test program to assess swap entry allocation for thp_swapout

by Barry Song

From: Barry Song <v-songbaohua(a)oppo.com> Both Ryan and Chris have been utilizing the small test program to aid in debugging and identifying issues with swap entry allocation. While a real or intricate workload might be more suitable for assessing the correctness and effectiveness of the swap allocation policy, a small test program presents a simpler means of understanding the problem and initially verifying the improvements being made. Let's endeavor to integrate it into the self-test suite. Although it presently only accommodates 64KB and 4KB, I'm optimistic that we can expand its capabilities to support multiple sizes and simulate more complex systems in the future as required. Signed-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua(a)oppo.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/mm/Makefile | 1 + .../selftests/mm/thp_swap_allocator_test.c | 192 ++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 193 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_swap_allocator_test.c diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/Makefile index e1aa09ddaa3d..64164ad66835 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/Makefile +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/Makefile @@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ TEST_GEN_FILES += mseal_test TEST_GEN_FILES += seal_elf TEST_GEN_FILES += on-fault-limit TEST_GEN_FILES += pagemap_ioctl +TEST_GEN_FILES += thp_swap_allocator_test TEST_GEN_FILES += thuge-gen TEST_GEN_FILES += transhuge-stress TEST_GEN_FILES += uffd-stress diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_swap_allocator_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_swap_allocator_test.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..4443a906d0f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/mm/thp_swap_allocator_test.c @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later +/* + * thp_swap_allocator_test + * + * The purpose of this test program is helping check if THP swpout + * can correctly get swap slots to swap out as a whole instead of + * being split. It randomly releases swap entries through madvise + * DONTNEED and do swapout on two memory areas: a memory area for + * 64KB THP and the other area for small folios. The second memory + * can be enabled by "-s". + * Before running the program, we need to setup a zRAM or similar + * swap device by: + * echo lzo > /sys/block/zram0/comp_algorithm + * echo 64M > /sys/block/zram0/disksize + * echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/hugepages-2048kB/enabled + * echo always > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/hugepages-64kB/enabled + * mkswap /dev/zram0 + * swapon /dev/zram0 + * The expected result should be 0% anon swpout fallback ratio w/ or + * w/o "-s". + * + * Author(s): Barry Song <v-songbaohua(a)oppo.com> + */ + +#define _GNU_SOURCE +#include <stdio.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <sys/mman.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <time.h> + +#define MEMSIZE_MTHP (60 * 1024 * 1024) +#define MEMSIZE_SMALLFOLIO (1 * 1024 * 1024) +#define ALIGNMENT_MTHP (64 * 1024) +#define ALIGNMENT_SMALLFOLIO (4 * 1024) +#define TOTAL_DONTNEED_MTHP (16 * 1024 * 1024) +#define TOTAL_DONTNEED_SMALLFOLIO (768 * 1024) +#define MTHP_FOLIO_SIZE (64 * 1024) + +#define SWPOUT_PATH \ + "/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/hugepages-64kB/stats/swpout" +#define SWPOUT_FALLBACK_PATH \ + "/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/hugepages-64kB/stats/swpout_fallback" + +static void *aligned_alloc_mem(size_t size, size_t alignment) +{ + void *mem = NULL; + + if (posix_memalign(&mem, alignment, size) != 0) { + perror("posix_memalign"); + return NULL; + } + return mem; +} + +static void random_madvise_dontneed(void *mem, size_t mem_size, + size_t align_size, size_t total_dontneed_size) +{ + size_t num_pages = total_dontneed_size / align_size; + size_t i; + size_t offset; + void *addr; + + for (i = 0; i < num_pages; ++i) { + offset = (rand() % (mem_size / align_size)) * align_size; + addr = (char *)mem + offset; + if (madvise(addr, align_size, MADV_DONTNEED) != 0) + perror("madvise dontneed"); + + memset(addr, 0x11, align_size); + } +} + +static unsigned long read_stat(const char *path) +{ + FILE *file; + unsigned long value; + + file = fopen(path, "r"); + if (!file) { + perror("fopen"); + return 0; + } + + if (fscanf(file, "%lu", &value) != 1) { + perror("fscanf"); + fclose(file); + return 0; + } + + fclose(file); + return value; +} + +int main(int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + int use_small_folio = 0; + int i; + void *mem1 = aligned_alloc_mem(MEMSIZE_MTHP, ALIGNMENT_MTHP); + void *mem2 = NULL; + + if (mem1 == NULL) { + fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate 60MB memory\n"); + return EXIT_FAILURE; + } + + if (madvise(mem1, MEMSIZE_MTHP, MADV_HUGEPAGE) != 0) { + perror("madvise hugepage for mem1"); + free(mem1); + return EXIT_FAILURE; + } + + for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i) { + if (strcmp(argv[i], "-s") == 0) + use_small_folio = 1; + } + + if (use_small_folio) { + mem2 = aligned_alloc_mem(MEMSIZE_SMALLFOLIO, ALIGNMENT_MTHP); + if (mem2 == NULL) { + fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate 1MB memory\n"); + free(mem1); + return EXIT_FAILURE; + } + + if (madvise(mem2, MEMSIZE_SMALLFOLIO, MADV_NOHUGEPAGE) != 0) { + perror("madvise nohugepage for mem2"); + free(mem1); + free(mem2); + return EXIT_FAILURE; + } + } + + for (i = 0; i < 100; ++i) { + unsigned long initial_swpout; + unsigned long initial_swpout_fallback; + unsigned long final_swpout; + unsigned long final_swpout_fallback; + unsigned long swpout_inc; + unsigned long swpout_fallback_inc; + double fallback_percentage; + + initial_swpout = read_stat(SWPOUT_PATH); + initial_swpout_fallback = read_stat(SWPOUT_FALLBACK_PATH); + + random_madvise_dontneed(mem1, MEMSIZE_MTHP, ALIGNMENT_MTHP, + TOTAL_DONTNEED_MTHP); + + if (use_small_folio) { + random_madvise_dontneed(mem2, MEMSIZE_SMALLFOLIO, + ALIGNMENT_SMALLFOLIO, + TOTAL_DONTNEED_SMALLFOLIO); + } + + if (madvise(mem1, MEMSIZE_MTHP, MADV_PAGEOUT) != 0) { + perror("madvise pageout for mem1"); + free(mem1); + if (mem2 != NULL) + free(mem2); + return EXIT_FAILURE; + } + + if (use_small_folio) { + if (madvise(mem2, MEMSIZE_SMALLFOLIO, MADV_PAGEOUT) != 0) { + perror("madvise pageout for mem2"); + free(mem1); + free(mem2); + return EXIT_FAILURE; + } + } + + final_swpout = read_stat(SWPOUT_PATH); + final_swpout_fallback = read_stat(SWPOUT_FALLBACK_PATH); + + swpout_inc = final_swpout - initial_swpout; + swpout_fallback_inc = final_swpout_fallback - initial_swpout_fallback; + + fallback_percentage = (double)swpout_fallback_inc / + (swpout_fallback_inc + swpout_inc) * 100; + + printf("Iteration %d: swpout inc: %lu, swpout fallback inc: %lu, Fallback percentage: %.2f%%\n", + i + 1, swpout_inc, swpout_fallback_inc, fallback_percentage); + } + + free(mem1); + if (mem2 != NULL) + free(mem2); + + return EXIT_SUCCESS; +} -- 2.34.1

6 months, 3 weeks

5
29
0 0

[PATCH v16 9/9] selftests/udmabuf: Add tests to verify data after page migration

by Vivek Kasireddy

Since the memfd pages associated with a udmabuf may be migrated as part of udmabuf create, we need to verify the data coherency after successful migration. The new tests added in this patch try to do just that using 4k sized pages and also 2 MB sized huge pages for the memfd. Successful completion of the tests would mean that there is no disconnect between the memfd pages and the ones associated with a udmabuf. And, these tests can also be augmented in the future to test newer udmabuf features (such as handling memfd hole punch). The idea for these tests comes from a patch by Mike Kravetz here: https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel/2023-June/410623.html v1->v2: (suggestions from Shuah) - Use ksft_* functions to print and capture results of tests - Use appropriate KSFT_* status codes for exit() - Add Mike Kravetz's suggested-by tag Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah(a)kernel.org> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david(a)redhat.com> Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter(a)ffwll.ch> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd(a)google.com> Cc: Peter Xu <peterx(a)redhat.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg(a)nvidia.com> Cc: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel(a)redhat.com> Cc: Dongwon Kim <dongwon.kim(a)intel.com> Cc: Junxiao Chang <junxiao.chang(a)intel.com> Cc: linux-kselftest(a)vger.kernel.org Suggested-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz(a)oracle.com> Acked-by: Dave Airlie <airlied(a)redhat.com> Acked-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel(a)redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Kasireddy <vivek.kasireddy(a)intel.com> --- .../selftests/drivers/dma-buf/udmabuf.c | 214 +++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 183 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/dma-buf/udmabuf.c b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/dma-buf/udmabuf.c index c812080e304e..6062723a172e 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/dma-buf/udmabuf.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/dma-buf/udmabuf.c @@ -9,52 +9,162 @@ #include <errno.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <malloc.h> +#include <stdbool.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <sys/syscall.h> +#include <sys/mman.h> #include <linux/memfd.h> #include <linux/udmabuf.h> +#include "../../kselftest.h" #define TEST_PREFIX "drivers/dma-buf/udmabuf" #define NUM_PAGES 4 +#define NUM_ENTRIES 4 +#define MEMFD_SIZE 1024 /* in pages */ -static int memfd_create(const char *name, unsigned int flags) +static unsigned int page_size; + +static int create_memfd_with_seals(off64_t size, bool hpage) +{ + int memfd, ret; + unsigned int flags = MFD_ALLOW_SEALING; + + if (hpage) + flags |= MFD_HUGETLB; + + memfd = memfd_create("udmabuf-test", flags); + if (memfd < 0) { + ksft_print_msg("%s: [skip,no-memfd]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_SKIP); + } + + ret = fcntl(memfd, F_ADD_SEALS, F_SEAL_SHRINK); + if (ret < 0) { + ksft_print_msg("%s: [skip,fcntl-add-seals]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_SKIP); + } + + ret = ftruncate(memfd, size); + if (ret == -1) { + ksft_print_msg("%s: [FAIL,memfd-truncate]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_FAIL); + } + + return memfd; +} + +static int create_udmabuf_list(int devfd, int memfd, off64_t memfd_size) +{ + struct udmabuf_create_list *list; + int ubuf_fd, i; + + list = malloc(sizeof(struct udmabuf_create_list) + + sizeof(struct udmabuf_create_item) * NUM_ENTRIES); + if (!list) { + ksft_print_msg("%s: [FAIL, udmabuf-malloc]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_FAIL); + } + + for (i = 0; i < NUM_ENTRIES; i++) { + list->list[i].memfd = memfd; + list->list[i].offset = i * (memfd_size / NUM_ENTRIES); + list->list[i].size = getpagesize() * NUM_PAGES; + } + + list->count = NUM_ENTRIES; + list->flags = UDMABUF_FLAGS_CLOEXEC; + ubuf_fd = ioctl(devfd, UDMABUF_CREATE_LIST, list); + free(list); + if (ubuf_fd < 0) { + ksft_print_msg("%s: [FAIL, udmabuf-create]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_FAIL); + } + + return ubuf_fd; +} + +static void write_to_memfd(void *addr, off64_t size, char chr) +{ + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < size / page_size; i++) { + *((char *)addr + (i * page_size)) = chr; + } +} + +static void *mmap_fd(int fd, off64_t size) { - return syscall(__NR_memfd_create, name, flags); + void *addr; + + addr = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); + if (addr == MAP_FAILED) { + ksft_print_msg("%s: ubuf_fd mmap fail\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_FAIL); + } + + return addr; +} + +static int compare_chunks(void *addr1, void *addr2, off64_t memfd_size) +{ + off64_t off; + int i = 0, j, k = 0, ret = 0; + char char1, char2; + + while (i < NUM_ENTRIES) { + off = i * (memfd_size / NUM_ENTRIES); + for (j = 0; j < NUM_PAGES; j++, k++) { + char1 = *((char *)addr1 + off + (j * getpagesize())); + char2 = *((char *)addr2 + (k * getpagesize())); + if (char1 != char2) { + ret = -1; + goto err; + } + } + i++; + } +err: + munmap(addr1, memfd_size); + munmap(addr2, NUM_ENTRIES * NUM_PAGES * getpagesize()); + return ret; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct udmabuf_create create; int devfd, memfd, buf, ret; - off_t size; - void *mem; + off64_t size; + void *addr1, *addr2; + + ksft_print_header(); + ksft_set_plan(6); devfd = open("/dev/udmabuf", O_RDWR); if (devfd < 0) { - printf("%s: [skip,no-udmabuf: Unable to access DMA buffer device file]\n", - TEST_PREFIX); - exit(77); + ksft_print_msg( + "%s: [skip,no-udmabuf: Unable to access DMA buffer device file]\n", + TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_SKIP); } memfd = memfd_create("udmabuf-test", MFD_ALLOW_SEALING); if (memfd < 0) { - printf("%s: [skip,no-memfd]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - exit(77); + ksft_print_msg("%s: [skip,no-memfd]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_SKIP); } ret = fcntl(memfd, F_ADD_SEALS, F_SEAL_SHRINK); if (ret < 0) { - printf("%s: [skip,fcntl-add-seals]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - exit(77); + ksft_print_msg("%s: [skip,fcntl-add-seals]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_SKIP); } - size = getpagesize() * NUM_PAGES; ret = ftruncate(memfd, size); if (ret == -1) { - printf("%s: [FAIL,memfd-truncate]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - exit(1); + ksft_print_msg("%s: [FAIL,memfd-truncate]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + exit(KSFT_FAIL); } memset(&create, 0, sizeof(create)); @@ -64,44 +174,86 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) create.offset = getpagesize()/2; create.size = getpagesize(); buf = ioctl(devfd, UDMABUF_CREATE, &create); - if (buf >= 0) { - printf("%s: [FAIL,test-1]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - exit(1); - } + if (buf >= 0) + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: [FAIL,test-1]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + else + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: [PASS,test-1]\n", TEST_PREFIX); /* should fail (size not multiple of page) */ create.memfd = memfd; create.offset = 0; create.size = getpagesize()/2; buf = ioctl(devfd, UDMABUF_CREATE, &create); - if (buf >= 0) { - printf("%s: [FAIL,test-2]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - exit(1); - } + if (buf >= 0) + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: [FAIL,test-2]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + else + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: [PASS,test-2]\n", TEST_PREFIX); /* should fail (not memfd) */ create.memfd = 0; /* stdin */ create.offset = 0; create.size = size; buf = ioctl(devfd, UDMABUF_CREATE, &create); - if (buf >= 0) { - printf("%s: [FAIL,test-3]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - exit(1); - } + if (buf >= 0) + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: [FAIL,test-3]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + else + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: [PASS,test-3]\n", TEST_PREFIX); /* should work */ + page_size = getpagesize(); + addr1 = mmap_fd(memfd, size); + write_to_memfd(addr1, size, 'a'); create.memfd = memfd; create.offset = 0; create.size = size; buf = ioctl(devfd, UDMABUF_CREATE, &create); - if (buf < 0) { - printf("%s: [FAIL,test-4]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - exit(1); - } + if (buf < 0) + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: [FAIL,test-4]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + else + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: [PASS,test-4]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + + munmap(addr1, size); + close(buf); + close(memfd); + + /* should work (migration of 4k size pages)*/ + size = MEMFD_SIZE * page_size; + memfd = create_memfd_with_seals(size, false); + addr1 = mmap_fd(memfd, size); + write_to_memfd(addr1, size, 'a'); + buf = create_udmabuf_list(devfd, memfd, size); + addr2 = mmap_fd(buf, NUM_PAGES * NUM_ENTRIES * getpagesize()); + write_to_memfd(addr1, size, 'b'); + ret = compare_chunks(addr1, addr2, size); + if (ret < 0) + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: [FAIL,test-5]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + else + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: [PASS,test-5]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + + close(buf); + close(memfd); + + /* should work (migration of 2MB size huge pages)*/ + page_size = getpagesize() * 512; /* 2 MB */ + size = MEMFD_SIZE * page_size; + memfd = create_memfd_with_seals(size, true); + addr1 = mmap_fd(memfd, size); + write_to_memfd(addr1, size, 'a'); + buf = create_udmabuf_list(devfd, memfd, size); + addr2 = mmap_fd(buf, NUM_PAGES * NUM_ENTRIES * getpagesize()); + write_to_memfd(addr1, size, 'b'); + ret = compare_chunks(addr1, addr2, size); + if (ret < 0) + ksft_test_result_fail("%s: [FAIL,test-6]\n", TEST_PREFIX); + else + ksft_test_result_pass("%s: [PASS,test-6]\n", TEST_PREFIX); - fprintf(stderr, "%s: ok\n", TEST_PREFIX); close(buf); close(memfd); close(devfd); + + ksft_print_msg("%s: ok\n", TEST_PREFIX); + ksft_print_cnts(); + return 0; } -- 2.45.1

6 months, 3 weeks

1
0
0 0

[RFC PATCH 0/2] riscv: Expose orig_a0 to userspace for ptrace to set the actual a0

by zhouquan＠iscas.ac.cn

From: Quan Zhou <zhouquan(a)iscas.ac.cn> Due to the path that modifies a0 in syscall_enter_from_user_mode before the actual execution of syscall_handler [1], the kernel currently saves a0 to orig_a0 at the entry point of do_trap_ecall_u as an original copy of a0. Once the syscall is interrupted and later resumed, the restarted syscall will use orig_a0 to continue execution. The above rules generally apply except for ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGSET,), where the kernel will ignore the tracer's setting of tracee/a0 and will restart with the tracee's original a0 value. For the current kernel implementation of ptrace, projects like CRIU/Proot will encounter issues where the a0 setting becomes ineffective when performing ptrace(PTRACE_{SET/GET}REGSET,). Here is a suggested solution, expose orig_a0 to userspace so that ptrace can choose whether to set orig_a0 based on the actual scenario. In fact, x86/orig_eax and loongArch/orig_a0 have adopted similar solutions. [1] link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230403-crisping-animosity-04ed8a45c625@spud/… Quan Zhou (2): riscv: Expose orig_a0 in the user_regs_struct structure riscv: selftests: Add a ptrace test to check a0 of restarted syscall arch/riscv/include/asm/ptrace.h | 4 +- arch/riscv/include/uapi/asm/ptrace.h | 2 + tools/testing/selftests/riscv/Makefile | 2 +- tools/testing/selftests/riscv/abi/.gitignore | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/riscv/abi/Makefile | 12 ++ .../riscv/abi/ptrace_restart_syscall.c | 148 ++++++++++++++++++ 6 files changed, 166 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/riscv/abi/.gitignore create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/riscv/abi/Makefile create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/riscv/abi/ptrace_restart_syscall.c base-commit: 6ba59ff4227927d3a8530fc2973b80e94b54d58f -- 2.34.1

6 months, 3 weeks

3
8
0 0

[PATCH net-next v12 00/13] Device Memory TCP

by Mina Almasry

v12: https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/netdevbpf/list/?series=859747&state=* ==== Major changes: -------------- This iteration only addresses one minor comment from Pavel with regards to the trace printing of netmem, and the patchwork build error introduced in v11 because I missed doing an allmodconfig build, sorry. Other than that v11, AFAICT, received no feedback. There is one discussion about how the specifics of plugging io uring memory through the page pool, but not relevant to content in this particular patchset, AFAICT. As usual, the full devmem TCP changes including the full GVE driver implementation is here: https://github.com/mina/linux/commits/tcpdevmem-v12/ v11: https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/netdevbpf/list/?series=857457&state=* ==== Major Changes: -------------- v11 addresses feedback received in v10. The major change is the removal of the memory provider ops as requested by Christoph. We still accomplish the same thing, but utilizing direct function calls with if statements rather than generic ops. Additionally address sparse warnings, bugs and review comments from folks that reviewed. As usual, the full devmem TCP changes including the full GVE driver implementation is here: https://github.com/mina/linux/commits/tcpdevmem-v11/ Detailed changelog: ------------------- - Fixes in netdev_rx_queue_restart() from Pavel & David. - Remove commit e650e8c3a36f5 ("net: page_pool: create hooks for custom page providers") from the series to address Christoph's feedback and rebased other patches on the series on this change. - Fixed build errors with CONFIG_DMA_SHARED_BUFFER && !CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR build. - Fixed sparse warnings pointed out by Paolo. - Drop unnecessary gro_pull_from_frag0 checks. - Added Bagas reviewed-by to docs. Cc: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme(a)gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt(a)goodmis.org> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch(a)infradead.org> Cc: Nikolay Aleksandrov <razor(a)blackwall.org> v10: https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/netdevbpf/list/?series=852422&state=* ==== Major Changes: -------------- v9 was sent right before the merge window closed (sorry!). v10 is almost a re-send of the series now that the merge window re-opened. Only rebased to latest net-next and addressed some minor iterative comments received on v9. As usual, the full devmem TCP changes including the full GVE driver implementation is here: https://github.com/mina/linux/commits/tcpdevmem-v10/ Detailed changelog: ------------------- - Fixed tokens leaking in DONTNEED setsockopt (Nikolay). - Moved net_iov_dma_addr() to devmem.c and made it a devmem specific helpers (David). - Rename hook alloc_pages to alloc_netmems as alloc_pages is now preprocessor macro defined and causes a build error. v9: === Major Changes: -------------- GVE queue API has been merged. Submitting this version as non-RFC after rebasing on top of the merged API, and dropped the out of tree queue API I was carrying on github. Addressed the little feedback v8 has received. Detailed changelog: ------------------ - Added new patch from David Wei to this series for netdev_rx_queue_restart() - Fixed sparse error. - Removed CONFIG_ checks in netmem_is_net_iov() - Flipped skb->readable to skb->unreadable - Minor fixes to selftests & docs. RFC v8: ======= Major Changes: -------------- - Fixed build error generated by patch-by-patch build. - Applied docs suggestions from Randy. RFC v7: ======= Major Changes: -------------- This revision largely rebases on top of net-next and addresses the feedback RFCv6 received from folks, namely Jakub, Yunsheng, Arnd, David, & Pavel. The series remains in RFC because the queue-API ndos defined in this series are not yet implemented. I have a GVE implementation I carry out of tree for my testing. A upstreamable GVE implementation is in the works. Aside from that, in my estimation all the patches are ready for review/merge. Please do take a look. As usual the full devmem TCP changes including the full GVE driver implementation is here: https://github.com/mina/linux/commits/tcpdevmem-v7/ Detailed changelog: - Use admin-perm in netlink API. - Addressed feedback from Jakub with regards to netlink API implementation. - Renamed devmem.c functions to something more appropriate for that file. - Improve the performance seen through the page_pool benchmark. - Fix the value definition of all the SO_DEVMEM_* uapi. - Various fixes to documentation. Perf - page-pool benchmark: --------------------------- Improved performance of bench_page_pool_simple.ko tests compared to v6: https://pastebin.com/raw/v5dYRg8L net-next base: 8 cycle fast path. RFC v6: 10 cycle fast path. RFC v7: 9 cycle fast path. RFC v7 with CONFIG_DMA_SHARED_BUFFER disabled: 8 cycle fast path, same as baseline. Perf - Devmem TCP benchmark: --------------------- Perf is about the same regardless of the changes in v7, namely the removal of the static_branch_unlikely to improve the page_pool benchmark performance: 189/200gbps bi-directional throughput with RX devmem TCP and regular TCP TX i.e. ~95% line rate. RFC v6: ======= Major Changes: -------------- This revision largely rebases on top of net-next and addresses the little feedback RFCv5 received. The series remains in RFC because the queue-API ndos defined in this series are not yet implemented. I have a GVE implementation I carry out of tree for my testing. A upstreamable GVE implementation is in the works. Aside from that, in my estimation all the patches are ready for review/merge. Please do take a look. As usual the full devmem TCP changes including the full GVE driver implementation is here: https://github.com/mina/linux/commits/tcpdevmem-v6/ This version also comes with some performance data recorded in the cover letter (see below changelog). Detailed changelog: - Rebased on top of the merged netmem_ref changes. - Converted skb->dmabuf to skb->readable (Pavel). Pavel's original suggestion was to remove the skb->dmabuf flag entirely, but when I looked into it closely, I found the issue that if we remove the flag we have to dereference the shinfo(skb) pointer to obtain the first frag to tell whether an skb is readable or not. This can cause a performance regression if it dirties the cache line when the shinfo(skb) was not really needed. Instead, I converted the skb->dmabuf flag into a generic skb->readable flag which can be re-used by io_uring 0-copy RX. - Squashed a few locking optimizations from Eric Dumazet in the RX path and the DEVMEM_DONTNEED setsockopt. - Expanded the tests a bit. Added validation for invalid scenarios and added some more coverage. Perf - page-pool benchmark: --------------------------- bench_page_pool_simple.ko tests with and without these changes: https://pastebin.com/raw/ncHDwAbn AFAIK the number that really matters in the perf tests is the 'tasklet_page_pool01_fast_path Per elem'. This one measures at about 8 cycles without the changes but there is some 1 cycle noise in some results. With the patches this regresses to 9 cycles with the changes but there is 1 cycle noise occasionally running this test repeatedly. Lastly I tried disable the static_branch_unlikely() in netmem_is_net_iov() check. To my surprise disabling the static_branch_unlikely() check reduces the fast path back to 8 cycles, but the 1 cycle noise remains. Perf - Devmem TCP benchmark: --------------------- 189/200gbps bi-directional throughput with RX devmem TCP and regular TCP TX i.e. ~95% line rate. Major changes in RFC v5: ======================== 1. Rebased on top of 'Abstract page from net stack' series and used the new netmem type to refer to LSB set pointers instead of re-using struct page. 2. Downgraded this series back to RFC and called it RFC v5. This is because this series is now dependent on 'Abstract page from net stack'[1] and the queue API. Both are removed from the series to reduce the patch # and those bits are fairly independent or pre-requisite work. 3. Reworked the page_pool devmem support to use netmem and for some more unified handling. 4. Reworked the reference counting of net_iov (renamed from page_pool_iov) to use pp_ref_count for refcounting. The full changes including the dependent series and GVE page pool support is here: https://github.com/mina/linux/commits/tcpdevmem-rfcv5/ [1] https://patchwork.kernel.org/project/netdevbpf/list/?series=810774 Major changes in v1: ==================== 1. Implemented MVP queue API ndos to remove the userspace-visible driver reset. 2. Fixed issues in the napi_pp_put_page() devmem frag unref path. 3. Removed RFC tag. Many smaller addressed comments across all the patches (patches have individual change log). Full tree including the rest of the GVE driver changes: https://github.com/mina/linux/commits/tcpdevmem-v1 Changes in RFC v3: ================== 1. Pulled in the memory-provider dependency from Jakub's RFC[1] to make the series reviewable and mergeable. 2. Implemented multi-rx-queue binding which was a todo in v2. 3. Fix to cmsg handling. The sticking point in RFC v2[2] was the device reset required to refill the device rx-queues after the dmabuf bind/unbind. The solution suggested as I understand is a subset of the per-queue management ops Jakub suggested or similar: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20230815171638.4c057dcd@kernel.org/ This is not addressed in this revision, because: 1. This point was discussed at netconf & netdev and there is openness to using the current approach of requiring a device reset. 2. Implementing individual queue resetting seems to be difficult for my test bed with GVE. My prototype to test this ran into issues with the rx-queues not coming back up properly if reset individually. At the moment I'm unsure if it's a mistake in the POC or a genuine issue in the virtualization stack behind GVE, which currently doesn't test individual rx-queue restart. 3. Our usecases are not bothered by requiring a device reset to refill the buffer queues, and we'd like to support NICs that run into this limitation with resetting individual queues. My thought is that drivers that have trouble with per-queue configs can use the support in this series, while drivers that support new netdev ops to reset individual queues can automatically reset the queue as part of the dma-buf bind/unbind. The same approach with device resets is presented again for consideration with other sticking points addressed. This proposal includes the rx devmem path only proposed for merge. For a snapshot of my entire tree which includes the GVE POC page pool support & device memory support: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/compare/master...mina:linux:tcpdevmem-v3 [1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/f8270765-a27b-6ccf-33ea-cda097168d79@redhat.… [2] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/CAHS8izOVJGJH5WF68OsRWFKJid1_huzzUK+hpKbLcL4… Changes in RFC v2: ================== The sticking point in RFC v1[1] was the dma-buf pages approach we used to deliver the device memory to the TCP stack. RFC v2 is a proof-of-concept that attempts to resolve this by implementing scatterlist support in the networking stack, such that we can import the dma-buf scatterlist directly. This is the approach proposed at a high level here[2]. Detailed changes: 1. Replaced dma-buf pages approach with importing scatterlist into the page pool. 2. Replace the dma-buf pages centric API with a netlink API. 3. Removed the TX path implementation - there is no issue with implementing the TX path with scatterlist approach, but leaving out the TX path makes it easier to review. 4. Functionality is tested with this proposal, but I have not conducted perf testing yet. I'm not sure there are regressions, but I removed perf claims from the cover letter until they can be re-confirmed. 5. Added Signed-off-by: contributors to the implementation. 6. Fixed some bugs with the RX path since RFC v1. Any feedback welcome, but specifically the biggest pending questions needing feedback IMO are: 1. Feedback on the scatterlist-based approach in general. 2. Netlink API (Patch 1 & 2). 3. Approach to handle all the drivers that expect to receive pages from the page pool (Patch 6). [1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/dfe4bae7-13a0-3c5d-d671-f61b375cb0b4@gmail.c… [2] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/CAHS8izPm6XRS54LdCDZVd0C75tA1zHSu6jLVO8nzTLX… ================== * TL;DR: Device memory TCP (devmem TCP) is a proposal for transferring data to and/or from device memory efficiently, without bouncing the data to a host memory buffer. * Problem: A large amount of data transfers have device memory as the source and/or destination. Accelerators drastically increased the volume of such transfers. Some examples include: - ML accelerators transferring large amounts of training data from storage into GPU/TPU memory. In some cases ML training setup time can be as long as 50% of TPU compute time, improving data transfer throughput & efficiency can help improving GPU/TPU utilization. - Distributed training, where ML accelerators, such as GPUs on different hosts, exchange data among them. - Distributed raw block storage applications transfer large amounts of data with remote SSDs, much of this data does not require host processing. Today, the majority of the Device-to-Device data transfers the network are implemented as the following low level operations: Device-to-Host copy, Host-to-Host network transfer, and Host-to-Device copy. The implementation is suboptimal, especially for bulk data transfers, and can put significant strains on system resources, such as host memory bandwidth, PCIe bandwidth, etc. One important reason behind the current state is the kernel’s lack of semantics to express device to network transfers. * Proposal: In this patch series we attempt to optimize this use case by implementing socket APIs that enable the user to: 1. send device memory across the network directly, and 2. receive incoming network packets directly into device memory. Packet _payloads_ go directly from the NIC to device memory for receive and from device memory to NIC for transmit. Packet _headers_ go to/from host memory and are processed by the TCP/IP stack normally. The NIC _must_ support header split to achieve this. Advantages: - Alleviate host memory bandwidth pressure, compared to existing network-transfer + device-copy semantics. - Alleviate PCIe BW pressure, by limiting data transfer to the lowest level of the PCIe tree, compared to traditional path which sends data through the root complex. * Patch overview: ** Part 1: netlink API Gives user ability to bind dma-buf to an RX queue. ** Part 2: scatterlist support Currently the standard for device memory sharing is DMABUF, which doesn't generate struct pages. On the other hand, networking stack (skbs, drivers, and page pool) operate on pages. We have 2 options: 1. Generate struct pages for dmabuf device memory, or, 2. Modify the networking stack to process scatterlist. Approach #1 was attempted in RFC v1. RFC v2 implements approach #2. ** part 3: page pool support We piggy back on page pool memory providers proposal: https://github.com/kuba-moo/linux/tree/pp-providers It allows the page pool to define a memory provider that provides the page allocation and freeing. It helps abstract most of the device memory TCP changes from the driver. ** part 4: support for unreadable skb frags Page pool iovs are not accessible by the host; we implement changes throughput the networking stack to correctly handle skbs with unreadable frags. ** Part 5: recvmsg() APIs We define user APIs for the user to send and receive device memory. Not included with this series is the GVE devmem TCP support, just to simplify the review. Code available here if desired: https://github.com/mina/linux/tree/tcpdevmem This series is built on top of net-next with Jakub's pp-providers changes cherry-picked. * NIC dependencies: 1. (strict) Devmem TCP require the NIC to support header split, i.e. the capability to split incoming packets into a header + payload and to put each into a separate buffer. Devmem TCP works by using device memory for the packet payload, and host memory for the packet headers. 2. (optional) Devmem TCP works better with flow steering support & RSS support, i.e. the NIC's ability to steer flows into certain rx queues. This allows the sysadmin to enable devmem TCP on a subset of the rx queues, and steer devmem TCP traffic onto these queues and non devmem TCP elsewhere. The NIC I have access to with these properties is the GVE with DQO support running in Google Cloud, but any NIC that supports these features would suffice. I may be able to help reviewers bring up devmem TCP on their NICs. * Testing: The series includes a udmabuf kselftest that show a simple use case of devmem TCP and validates the entire data path end to end without a dependency on a specific dmabuf provider. ** Test Setup Kernel: net-next with this series and memory provider API cherry-picked locally. Hardware: Google Cloud A3 VMs. NIC: GVE with header split & RSS & flow steering support. Cc: Pavel Begunkov <asml.silence(a)gmail.com> Cc: David Wei <dw(a)davidwei.uk> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg(a)ziepe.ca> Cc: Yunsheng Lin <linyunsheng(a)huawei.com> Cc: Shailend Chand <shailend(a)google.com> Cc: Harshitha Ramamurthy <hramamurthy(a)google.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt(a)linux.dev> Cc: Jeroen de Borst <jeroendb(a)google.com> Cc: Praveen Kaligineedi <pkaligineedi(a)google.com> Mina Almasry (13): netdev: add netdev_rx_queue_restart() net: netdev netlink api to bind dma-buf to a net device netdev: support binding dma-buf to netdevice netdev: netdevice devmem allocator page_pool: convert to use netmem page_pool: devmem support memory-provider: dmabuf devmem memory provider net: support non paged skb frags net: add support for skbs with unreadable frags tcp: RX path for devmem TCP net: add SO_DEVMEM_DONTNEED setsockopt to release RX frags net: add devmem TCP documentation selftests: add ncdevmem, netcat for devmem TCP Documentation/netlink/specs/netdev.yaml | 57 +++ Documentation/networking/devmem.rst | 258 +++++++++++ Documentation/networking/index.rst | 1 + arch/alpha/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 6 + arch/mips/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 6 + arch/parisc/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 6 + arch/sparc/include/uapi/asm/socket.h | 6 + drivers/net/ethernet/renesas/ravb_main.c | 5 +- include/linux/skbuff.h | 61 ++- include/linux/skbuff_ref.h | 11 +- include/linux/socket.h | 1 + include/net/devmem.h | 124 ++++++ include/net/mp_dmabuf_devmem.h | 44 ++ include/net/netdev_rx_queue.h | 5 + include/net/netmem.h | 208 ++++++++- include/net/page_pool/helpers.h | 153 +++++-- include/net/page_pool/types.h | 22 +- include/net/sock.h | 2 + include/net/tcp.h | 5 +- include/trace/events/page_pool.h | 30 +- include/uapi/asm-generic/socket.h | 6 + include/uapi/linux/netdev.h | 19 + include/uapi/linux/uio.h | 17 + net/bpf/test_run.c | 5 +- net/core/Makefile | 3 +- net/core/datagram.c | 6 + net/core/dev.c | 6 +- net/core/devmem.c | 373 ++++++++++++++++ net/core/gro.c | 3 +- net/core/netdev-genl-gen.c | 23 + net/core/netdev-genl-gen.h | 6 + net/core/netdev-genl.c | 103 +++++ net/core/netdev_rx_queue.c | 74 ++++ net/core/page_pool.c | 360 ++++++++------- net/core/skbuff.c | 83 +++- net/core/sock.c | 61 +++ net/ipv4/esp4.c | 3 +- net/ipv4/tcp.c | 261 ++++++++++- net/ipv4/tcp_input.c | 13 +- net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c | 10 + net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c | 2 + net/ipv4/tcp_output.c | 5 +- net/ipv6/esp6.c | 3 +- net/packet/af_packet.c | 4 +- tools/include/uapi/linux/netdev.h | 19 + tools/testing/selftests/net/.gitignore | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/net/Makefile | 5 + tools/testing/selftests/net/ncdevmem.c | 542 +++++++++++++++++++++++ 48 files changed, 2759 insertions(+), 268 deletions(-) create mode 100644 Documentation/networking/devmem.rst create mode 100644 include/net/devmem.h create mode 100644 include/net/mp_dmabuf_devmem.h create mode 100644 net/core/devmem.c create mode 100644 net/core/netdev_rx_queue.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/net/ncdevmem.c -- 2.45.2.505.gda0bf45e8d-goog

6 months, 3 weeks

5
29
0 0

[PATCH bpf-next v3 0/8] use network helpers, part 8

by Geliang Tang

From: Geliang Tang <tanggeliang(a)kylinos.cn> v3: - a new patch to add backlog for network_helper_opts. - use start_server_str in sockmap_ktls now, not start_server. v2: - address Eduard's comments in v1. (thanks) - fix errors reported by CI. This patch set uses network helpers in sockmap_ktls and sk_lookup, and drop three local helpers tcp_server(), inetaddr_len() and make_socket() in them. Geliang Tang (8): selftests/bpf: Add backlog for network_helper_opts selftests/bpf: Use start_server_str in sockmap_ktls selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_fd in sockmap_ktls selftests/bpf: Use start_server_str in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_fd in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_addr in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Drop inetaddr_len in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Drop make_socket in sk_lookup tools/testing/selftests/bpf/network_helpers.c | 2 +- tools/testing/selftests/bpf/network_helpers.h | 1 + .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/sk_lookup.c | 138 ++++++------------ .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/sockmap_ktls.c | 35 +---- 4 files changed, 57 insertions(+), 119 deletions(-) -- 2.43.0

6 months, 3 weeks

1
8
0 0

[PATCH 1/2] tools: kernel-chktaint: Fix bashism, simplify code

by Petr Vorel

'==' is bashism, '=' needs to be used for comparison. With this fix script can work on systems where the default shell is dash, busybox ash or any other strictly POSIX compatible shell. While at it, also improve: * remove "x" in the comparison (not needed for decades) * use $# for checking number of arguments * cleanup whitespace Fixes: 4ab5a5d2a4a22 ("tools: add a kernel-chktaint to tools/debugging") Signed-off-by: Petr Vorel <pvorel(a)suse.cz> --- tools/debugging/kernel-chktaint | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/debugging/kernel-chktaint b/tools/debugging/kernel-chktaint index 279be06332be9..adbb1d621ccd4 100755 --- a/tools/debugging/kernel-chktaint +++ b/tools/debugging/kernel-chktaint @@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ retrieved from /proc/sys/kernel/tainted on another system. EOF } -if [ "$1"x != "x" ]; then - if [ "$1"x == "--helpx" ] || [ "$1"x == "-hx" ] ; then +if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then + if [ "$1" = "--help" ] || [ "$1" = "-h" ]; then usage exit 1 - elif [ $1 -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null ; then + elif [ $1 -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then taint=$1 else echo "Error: Parameter '$1' not a positive integer. Aborting." >&2 -- 2.45.1

6 months, 3 weeks

3
3
0 0

[PATCH bpf-next v2 0/7] use network helpers, part 8

by Geliang Tang

From: Geliang Tang <tanggeliang(a)kylinos.cn> v2: - address Eduard's comments in v1. (thanks) - fix errors reported by CI. This patch set uses network helpers in sockmap_ktls and sk_lookup, and drop three local helpers tcp_server(), inetaddr_len() and make_socket() in them. Geliang Tang (7): selftests/bpf: Use start_server in sockmap_ktls selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_fd in sockmap_ktls selftests/bpf: Use start_server_str in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_fd in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_addr in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Drop inetaddr_len in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Drop make_socket in sk_lookup .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/sk_lookup.c | 138 ++++++------------ .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/sockmap_ktls.c | 32 +--- 2 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 118 deletions(-) -- 2.43.0

6 months, 3 weeks

1
7
0 0

[PATCH v7 00/16] selftests/resctrl: resctrl_val() related cleanups & improvements

by Ilpo Järvinen

Hi all, This series does a number of cleanups into resctrl_val() and generalizes it by removing test name specific handling from the function. v7: - Truly use "bound to", not bounded to. - Fix separator to use 3 dashes v6: - Adjust closing/rollback of the IMC perf - Move the comment in measure_vals() to function level - Capitalize MBM - binded to -> bound to - Language tweak into kerneldoc - Removed stale paragraph from commit message v5: - Open mem bw file only once and use rewind(). - Add \n to mem bw file read to allow reading fresh values from the file. - Return 0 if create_grp() is given NULL grp_name (matches the original behavior). Mention this in function's kerneldoc. - Cast pid_t to int before printing with %d. - Caps/typo fixes to kerneldoc and commit messages. - Use imperative tone in commit messages and improve them based on points that came up during review. v4: - Merged close fix into IMC READ+WRITE rework patch - Add loop to reset imc_counters_config fds to -1 to be able know which need closing - Introduce perf_close_imc_mem_bw() to close fds - Open resctrl mem bw file (twice) beforehand to avoid opening it during the test - Remove MBM .mongrp setup - Remove mongrp from CMT test v3: - Rename init functions to <testname>_init() - Replace for loops with READ+WRITE statements for clarity - Don't drop Return: entry from perf_open_imc_mem_bw() func comment - New patch: Fix closing of IMC fds in case of error - New patch: Make "bandwidth" consistent in comments & prints - New patch: Simplify mem bandwidth file code - Remove wrong comment - Changed grp_name check to return -1 on fail (internal sanity check) v2: - Resolved conflicts with kselftest/next - Spaces -> tabs correction Ilpo Järvinen (16): selftests/resctrl: Fix closing IMC fds on error and open-code R+W instead of loops selftests/resctrl: Calculate resctrl FS derived mem bw over sleep(1) only selftests/resctrl: Make "bandwidth" consistent in comments & prints selftests/resctrl: Consolidate get_domain_id() into resctrl_val() selftests/resctrl: Use correct type for pids selftests/resctrl: Cleanup bm_pid and ppid usage & limit scope selftests/resctrl: Rename measure_vals() to measure_mem_bw_vals() & document selftests/resctrl: Simplify mem bandwidth file code for MBA & MBM tests selftests/resctrl: Add ->measure() callback to resctrl_val_param selftests/resctrl: Add ->init() callback into resctrl_val_param selftests/resctrl: Simplify bandwidth report type handling selftests/resctrl: Make some strings passed to resctrlfs functions const selftests/resctrl: Convert ctrlgrp & mongrp to pointers selftests/resctrl: Remove mongrp from MBA test selftests/resctrl: Remove mongrp from CMT test selftests/resctrl: Remove test name comparing from write_bm_pid_to_resctrl() tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cache.c | 10 +- tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c | 5 +- tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cmt_test.c | 22 +- tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/mba_test.c | 26 +- tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/mbm_test.c | 26 +- tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h | 49 ++- tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_val.c | 371 ++++++++---------- tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrlfs.c | 67 ++-- 8 files changed, 291 insertions(+), 285 deletions(-) -- 2.39.2

6 months, 3 weeks

3
19
0 0

[PATCH bpf-next 0/6] use network helpers, part 8

by Geliang Tang

From: Geliang Tang <tanggeliang(a)kylinos.cn> This patch set uses network helpers in sockmap_ktls and sk_lookup, and drop three local helpers tcp_server(), inetaddr_len() and make_socket() in them. Geliang Tang (6): selftests/bpf: Use start_server in sockmap_ktls selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_fd in sockmap_ktls selftests/bpf: Use start_server_str in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Drop inetaddr_len in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Use connect_to_fd in sk_lookup selftests/bpf: Drop make_socket in sk_lookup .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/sk_lookup.c | 144 ++++++------------ .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/sockmap_ktls.c | 32 +--- 2 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 123 deletions(-) -- 2.43.0

6 months, 3 weeks

2
11
0 0

[PATCH net-next] selftests: net: change shebang to bash in amt.sh

by Taehee Yoo

amt.sh is written in bash, not sh. So, shebang should be bash. Signed-off-by: Taehee Yoo <ap420073(a)gmail.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/net/amt.sh | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/net/amt.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/net/amt.sh index 7e7ed6c558da..d458b45c775b 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/net/amt.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/net/amt.sh @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -#!/bin/sh +#!/bin/bash # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 # Author: Taehee Yoo <ap420073(a)gmail.com> -- 2.34.1

6 months, 3 weeks

3
2
0 0

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