- Flashbench-results - lists.linaro.org

by Peter Yang

12 years, 9 months

1
0
0 0

PNY Attache Micro Sleek 8GB USB Flash Drive

by Ahau ＠porteus.org

Hi, I grabbed a new flash drive yesterday, so I'm trying to sort out the eraseblock size to format it properly. I grabbed this one because it was on sale and has a small form factor. I'm planning to format half of it as swap so that I can plug it in to my tegra 2 tablet while compiling software that requires additional RAM (seamonkey and firefox at least require extra RAM for linking libxul and I don't want to swap a lot on my internal flash or sdcard). Anyway, here's what I got from fdisk and flashbench: Disk /dev/sdc: 8166 MB, 8166703104 bytes 256 heads, 63 sectors/track, 989 cylinders, total 15950592 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xc3072e18 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 * 56 15950591 7975268 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) root@porteus:~/Downloads/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 align 2147483648 pre 494µs on 491µs post 494µs diff -2812ns align 1073741824 pre 487µs on 491µs post 491µs diff 1.68µs align 536870912 pre 491µs on 492µs post 493µs diff 204ns align 268435456 pre 507µs on 528µs post 511µs diff 19.4µs align 134217728 pre 507µs on 526µs post 510µs diff 17.5µs align 67108864 pre 508µs on 524µs post 505µs diff 17.8µs align 33554432 pre 508µs on 547µs post 507µs diff 39.3µs align 16777216 pre 494µs on 510µs post 494µs diff 16.5µs align 8388608 pre 511µs on 531µs post 508µs diff 21.6µs align 4194304 pre 505µs on 530µs post 507µs diff 24µs align 2097152 pre 507µs on 526µs post 508µs diff 17.8µs align 1048576 pre 509µs on 534µs post 513µs diff 22.9µs align 524288 pre 508µs on 529µs post 507µs diff 21.5µs align 262144 pre 508µs on 527µs post 508µs diff 19µs align 131072 pre 510µs on 525µs post 512µs diff 13.9µs align 65536 pre 511µs on 531µs post 512µs diff 19.1µs align 32768 pre 509µs on 530µs post 506µs diff 22.1µs align 16384 pre 506µs on 531µs post 507µs diff 24.4µs align 8192 pre 505µs on 509µs post 511µs diff 1.13µs align 4096 pre 506µs on 509µs post 504µs diff 4.08µs align 2048 pre 509µs on 508µs post 506µs diff 882ns root@porteus:~/Downloads/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc 4MiB 26.1M/s 2MiB 22.6M/s 1MiB 22.9M/s 512KiB 21M/s 256KiB 19.9M/s root@porteus:~/Downloads/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=2 4MiB 22.8M/s 2MiB 22.8M/s 1MiB 22.8M/s 512KiB 21.7M/s 256KiB 19.8M/s root@porteus:~/Downloads/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=3 4MiB 10.4M/s 2MiB 10.2M/s 1MiB 23.3M/s 512KiB 21.2M/s 256KiB 20.2M/s root@porteus:~/Downloads/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=4 4MiB 4.28M/s 2MiB 2.05M/s 1MiB 2.94M/s 512KiB 2.56M/s 256KiB 2.97M/s root@porteus:~/Downloads/flashbench-2e30b19# root@porteus:/mnt/sdb2/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[2 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=4 --random 2MiB 2.19M/s 1MiB 1.29M/s 512KiB 1.75M/s ^C^[[A root@porteus:/mnt/sdb2/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=4 --random 4MiB 2.53M/s 2MiB 2.11M/s 1MiB 2.97M/s 512KiB 2.6M/s 256KiB 1.44M/s root@porteus:/mnt/sdb2/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=3 --random 4MiB 4.27M/s 2MiB 6.6M/s 1MiB 10.6M/s 512KiB 6.56M/s 256KiB 10.1M/s root@porteus:/mnt/sdb2/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=2 --random 4MiB 4.9M/s 2MiB 8.12M/s 1MiB 8.43M/s 512KiB 4.91M/s 256KiB 21.5M/s root@porteus:/mnt/sdb2/flashbench-2e30b19# ./flashbench -O --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[256 * 1024] /dev/sdc --open-au-nr=1 --random 4MiB 5.1M/s 2MiB 4.82M/s 1MiB 26.7M/s 512KiB 5.01M/s 256KiB 4.72M/s root@porteus:/mnt/sdb2/flashbench-2e30b19# I had a hard time determining the eraseblock size from the '-a' test; the numbers seemed to keep jumping around on me. I assumed that I was dealing with 4mb eraseblocks (but was kind of a guess on my part, since most of my other devices are 4mb), and testing the open-au's seemed to confirm this (in my mind anyway) as going to 8, 16, or 32 MB erasesizes slowed down quite a bit, even with only one au. I'd consider myself a novice at all of this; if you'd like me to run some additional testing with different parameters, just let me know. For now, I'm assuming 4mb eraseblocks, with no offset (not sure how to confirm that), 16kb page size, with 2 linear and 2 or 3 random au's. Thanks!

12 years, 9 months

1
0
0 0

Fwd: What are the right fdisk and mkfs.ext4 settings for SanDisk SDSDU-032G-A11?

by Maciej Sieczka

Hello, I've got this SanDisk 32GB SDSDU-032G-A11 uSDHC card [1]. [2] summarizes its features as Allocation Unit = 12 MB, Write Size = 64 KB, Page Size = 16 KB, FAT Location = 4-12 MB. Can you please tell me how these translate into fdisk and mkfs.ext4 settings to format the card as a single ext4 partition having an optimal performance and wear? Regards, Maciek [1] http://lists.linaro.org/pipermail/flashbench-results/2012-June/000303.html [2] https://wiki.linaro.org/WorkingGroups/KernelArchived/Projects/FlashCardSurv… -- Maciej Sieczka http://www.sieczka.org

12 years, 10 months

2
4
0 0

Samsung 8GB CLASS 6 SDHC "MB-SS8GA"

by Csordás Csaba Ifj.

Hi, here are my results. I only have an external card reader. fdisk -l /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 Disk /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0:2: 7964 MB, 7964983296 bytes 246 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1019 cylinders, total 15556608 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xa3b9f812 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System # flashbench -a /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 --blocksize=1024 align 2147483648 pre 1.49ms on 2.26ms post 1.8ms diff 616µs align 1073741824 pre 1.56ms on 2.24ms post 1.71ms diff 607µs align 536870912 pre 1.54ms on 2.19ms post 1.76ms diff 543µs align 268435456 pre 1.37ms on 1.97ms post 1.48ms diff 542µs align 134217728 pre 1.35ms on 1.94ms post 1.55ms diff 493µs align 67108864 pre 1.42ms on 2.1ms post 1.6ms diff 591µs align 33554432 pre 1.34ms on 1.94ms post 1.56ms diff 485µs align 16777216 pre 1.44ms on 2.15ms post 1.64ms diff 608µs align 8388608 pre 1.34ms on 1.9ms post 1.59ms diff 437µs align 4194304 pre 1.42ms on 2.08ms post 1.64ms diff 555µs align 2097152 pre 1.39ms on 2.08ms post 1.59ms diff 599µs align 1048576 pre 1.35ms on 1.73ms post 1.6ms diff 250µs align 524288 pre 1.44ms on 1.82ms post 1.66ms diff 273µs align 262144 pre 1.43ms on 1.79ms post 1.71ms diff 226µs align 131072 pre 1.47ms on 1.83ms post 1.65ms diff 271µs align 65536 pre 1.42ms on 1.77ms post 1.67ms diff 227µs align 32768 pre 1.39ms on 1.73ms post 1.53ms diff 270µs align 16384 pre 1.4ms on 1.82ms post 1.63ms diff 308µs align 8192 pre 1.47ms on 1.78ms post 1.65ms diff 218µs align 4096 pre 1.59ms on 1.58ms post 1.57ms diff 2.05µs align 2048 pre 1.65ms on 1.65ms post 1.61ms diff 18.8µs My guess is that the erase size is 2 MiB and the pagesize is probably 8 KiB. # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[2 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 --open-au-nr=2 --count=100 2MiB 2.59M/s 1MiB 2.83M/s 512KiB 3.36M/s 256KiB 3.05M/s 128KiB 1.89M/s 64KiB 3M/s 32KiB 2.71M/s 16KiB 2.24M/s 8KiB 1.79M/s 4KiB 875K/s # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[2 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 --open-au-nr=2 --count=100 --random 2MiB 7.82M/s 1MiB 1.76M/s 512KiB 1.67M/s 256KiB 578K/s 128KiB 354K/s 64KiB 171K/s 32KiB 150K/s 16KiB 3.73M/s 8KiB 1.78M/s 4KiB 871K/s # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[2 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 --open-au-nr=3 --count=100 2MiB 5.75M/s 1MiB 2.19M/s 512KiB 1.45M/s 256KiB 405K/s 128KiB 202K/s 64KiB 1.03M/s 32KiB 1.06M/s 16KiB 1.54M/s 8KiB 1.8M/s 4KiB 727K/s # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[2 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 --open-au-nr=3 --count=100 --random 2MiB 5.82M/s 1MiB 1.88M/s 512KiB 1.12M/s 256KiB 501K/s 128KiB 252K/s 64KiB 163K/s 32KiB 151K/s 16KiB 2.09M/s 8KiB 1.79M/s 4KiB 667K/s Only 2 open AU-s. :,( # flashbench -f --erasesize=$[2 * 1024 * 1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 --count 100 2MiB 2.84M/s 4.78M/s 8.48M/s 8.45M/s 7.8M/s 7.86M/s 1MiB 8.9M/s 9.07M/s 9.03M/s 9.19M/s 9.17M/s 9.08M/s 512KiB 8.67M/s 8.74M/s 8.49M/s 8.83M/s 8.71M/s 8.52M/s 256KiB 7.19M/s 7.04M/s 6.85M/s 7.19M/s 7.05M/s 6.85M/s 128KiB 5.62M/s 5.84M/s 5.63M/s 5.81M/s 5.87M/s 5.69M/s 64KiB 12.7M/s 13.2M/s 13.3M/s 12.8M/s 13.2M/s 13.3M/s 32KiB 6.09M/s 6.2M/s 6.1M/s 6.27M/s 6.22M/s 6.17M/s 16KiB 3.79M/s 3.73M/s 3.76M/s 3.81M/s 972K/s 3.76M/s # flashbench -f --erasesize=$[2 * 1024 * 1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic-_SD_MMC_20070818000000000-0\:2 --count 100 --random 2MiB 9.43M/s 8.57M/s 8.42M/s 8.42M/s 7.8M/s 7.87M/s 1MiB 2.71M/s 3.22M/s 3.2M/s 2.53M/s 3.07M/s 3.23M/s 512KiB 1.06M/s 1.42M/s 1.42M/s 1.28M/s 1.49M/s 1.21M/s 256KiB 465K/s 577K/s 635K/s 756K/s 722K/s 722K/s 128KiB 284K/s 354K/s 343K/s 532K/s 578K/s 577K/s 64KiB 163K/s 172K/s 172K/s 454K/s 431K/s 430K/s 32KiB 151K/s 151K/s 151K/s 211K/s 207K/s 207K/s 16KiB 1.69M/s 3.58M/s 3.72M/s 3.76M/s 3.4M/s 1.41M/s ?

12 years, 10 months

2
2
0 0

Samsung 32GB CLASS 10 SDHC "MB-MSBGA"

by Csordás Csaba Ifj.

# fdisk -l /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 Disk /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0:0: 31.4 GB, 31393316864 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 29939 cylinders, total 61315072 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000f06a6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0:0-part1 8192 122879 57344 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0:0-part2 122880 21094399 10485760 83 Linux /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0:0-part3 21094400 61315071 20110336 83 Linux # flashbench -a /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --blocksize=1024 align 8589934592 pre 406µs on 820µs post 528µs diff 352µs align 4294967296 pre 418µs on 759µs post 492µs diff 304µs align 2147483648 pre 454µs on 855µs post 532µs diff 361µs align 1073741824 pre 446µs on 942µs post 518µs diff 460µs align 536870912 pre 426µs on 921µs post 550µs diff 433µs align 268435456 pre 464µs on 886µs post 500µs diff 404µs align 134217728 pre 466µs on 1.08ms post 541µs diff 576µs align 67108864 pre 487µs on 931µs post 548µs diff 413µs align 33554432 pre 464µs on 961µs post 535µs diff 461µs align 16777216 pre 464µs on 944µs post 529µs diff 448µs align 8388608 pre 458µs on 971µs post 561µs diff 461µs align 4194304 pre 478µs on 954µs post 543µs diff 444µs align 2097152 pre 529µs on 1.3ms post 517µs diff 774µs align 1048576 pre 428µs on 1.1ms post 533µs diff 614µs align 524288 pre 456µs on 892µs post 498µs diff 415µs align 262144 pre 428µs on 891µs post 498µs diff 428µs align 131072 pre 479µs on 967µs post 515µs diff 470µs align 65536 pre 438µs on 945µs post 535µs diff 459µs align 32768 pre 472µs on 954µs post 510µs diff 463µs align 16384 pre 461µs on 684µs post 528µs diff 189µs align 8192 pre 524µs on 526µs post 530µs diff -906ns align 4096 pre 531µs on 531µs post 544µs diff -6887ns align 2048 pre 547µs on 534µs post 561µs diff -20248n Erase size is 32 MiB, page size unknown. # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=2 --count=100 32MiB 8.5M/s 16MiB 11.9M/s 8MiB 9.8M/s 4MiB 11.8M/s 2MiB 12M/s 1MiB 11.9M/s 512KiB 11.6M/s 256KiB 11.2M/s 128KiB 10.3M/s 64KiB 9.78M/s 32KiB 7.6M/s 16KiB 4.91M/s 8KiB 3.08M/s 4KiB 1.46M/s # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=2 --count=100 --random 32MiB 11.5M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.8M/s 2MiB 11.8M/s 1MiB 11.8M/s 512KiB 11.5M/s 256KiB 10.9M/s 128KiB 9.95M/s 64KiB 9M/s 32KiB 6.8M/s 16KiB 4.88M/s 8KiB 2.28M/s 4KiB 1.22M/s # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=3 --count=100 32MiB 11.2M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 12M/s 4MiB 12M/s 2MiB 11.9M/s 1MiB 11.8M/s 512KiB 11.6M/s 256KiB 11M/s 128KiB 10.1M/s 64KiB 9.2M/s 32KiB 6.98M/s 16KiB 4.92M/s 8KiB 3.07M/s 4KiB 1.47M/s # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=3 --count=100 --random 32MiB 11.8M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 12M/s 4MiB 12M/s 2MiB 11.8M/s 1MiB 11.8M/s 512KiB 11.5M/s 256KiB 11M/s 128KiB 10M/s 64KiB 9.16M/s 32KiB 6.9M/s 16KiB 4.92M/s 8KiB 2.3M/s 4KiB 1.22M/s # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=10 --count=100 32MiB 11.8M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 12M/s 4MiB 11.9M/s 2MiB 11.9M/s 1MiB 11.8M/s 512KiB 11.6M/s 256KiB 11.1M/s 128KiB 10.3M/s 64KiB 9.6M/s 32KiB 7.43M/s 16KiB 4.93M/s 8KiB 3.1M/s ^C # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=10 --count=100 --random 32MiB 11.6M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.9M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.6M/s 512KiB 11.1M/s 256KiB 10.4M/s 128KiB 9.1M/s 64KiB 7.67M/s 32KiB 5.45M/s ^C # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=11 --count=100 32MiB 11.8M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 12M/s 4MiB 12M/s 2MiB 11.9M/s 1MiB 11.9M/s 512KiB 11.7M/s 256KiB 11.2M/s 128KiB 10.5M/s 64KiB 10M/s 32KiB 7.77M/s 16KiB 4.9M/s 8KiB 3.09M/s ^C # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=11 --count=100 --random 32MiB 12M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 12M/s 4MiB 11.9M/s 2MiB 11.8M/s 1MiB 11.7M/s 512KiB 11.3M/s 256KiB 10.6M/s 128KiB 9.46M/s 64KiB 8.26M/s 32KiB 5.9M/s 16KiB 3.4M/s ^C # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=12 --count=100 32MiB 11.7M/s 16MiB 11.9M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.9M/s 2MiB 11.8M/s 1MiB 11.7M/s 512KiB 11.4M/s 256KiB 10.8M/s 128KiB 9.86M/s 64KiB 8.9M/s 32KiB 6.72M/s 16KiB 4.92M/s ^C # flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=12 --count=100 --random 32MiB 12M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.9M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.5M/s 512KiB 11M/s 256KiB 10.3M/s 128KiB 8.87M/s 64KiB 7.35M/s 32KiB 5.13M/s 16KiB 3.35M/s ^C root@marvin:~# for i in 30 31 32; do echo -e "\n\noau=$i"; flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=$i --count=100; done; for i in 30 31 32; do echo -e "\n\noau=$i random"; flashbench -O --erasesize=$[32 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --open-au-nr=$i --count=100 --random; done oau=30 32MiB 11.1M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.8M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.5M/s 512KiB 10.9M/s 256KiB 10.1M/s 128KiB 9.06M/s 64KiB 8.15M/s 32KiB 6.26M/s 16KiB 4.7M/s 8KiB 2.96M/s 4KiB 1.42M/s oau=31 32MiB 11.5M/s 16MiB 11.9M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.8M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.5M/s 512KiB 10.9M/s 256KiB 9.96M/s 128KiB 8.49M/s 64KiB 6.78M/s 32KiB 4.63M/s 16KiB 3.01M/s 8KiB 1.26M/s 4KiB 661K/s oau=32 32MiB 11.1M/s 16MiB 11.8M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.8M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.5M/s 512KiB 11M/s 256KiB 10.1M/s 128KiB 8.75M/s 64KiB 7.21M/s 32KiB 4.96M/s 16KiB 3M/s 8KiB 1.26M/s 4KiB 665K/s oau=30 random 32MiB 11.6M/s 16MiB 11.9M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.8M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.5M/s 512KiB 10.9M/s 256KiB 9.95M/s 128KiB 8.58M/s 64KiB 6.97M/s 32KiB 4.84M/s 16KiB 3.25M/s 8KiB 1.35M/s 4KiB 720K/s oau=31 random 32MiB 11.3M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 12M/s 4MiB 11.9M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.6M/s 512KiB 11M/s 256KiB 10.1M/s 128KiB 8.75M/s 64KiB 7.17M/s 32KiB 4.94M/s 16KiB 3.03M/s 8KiB 1.26M/s 4KiB 662K/s oau=32 random 32MiB 11.7M/s 16MiB 12M/s 8MiB 11.9M/s 4MiB 11.9M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 11.5M/s 512KiB 10.9M/s 256KiB 10M/s 128KiB 8.54M/s 64KiB 6.9M/s 32KiB 4.7M/s 16KiB 3.02M/s 8KiB 1.26M/s 4KiB 664K/s 30 open AU. Wow. # flashbench -f /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Generic_USB_SD_Reader_12345678901234567890-0\:0 --count=100 4MiB 11.7M/s 11.9M/s 12M/s 11.5M/s 11.7M/s 11.5M/s 2MiB 12.1M/s 12M/s 12.1M/s 11.5M/s 11.7M/s 11.5M/s 1MiB 12M/s 12.1M/s 12M/s 11.6M/s 11.9M/s 11.9M/s 512KiB 11.7M/s 11.8M/s 11.9M/s 11M/s 11.4M/s 11.5M/s 256KiB 11.3M/s 11.3M/s 11.2M/s 10.4M/s 10.9M/s 11.3M/s 128KiB 10.4M/s 10.5M/s 10.8M/s 9.39M/s 10.1M/s 11M/s 64KiB 11.8M/s 11.8M/s 12.1M/s 11.6M/s 12.1M/s 11.9M/s 32KiB 8.05M/s 8.07M/s 8.2M/s 6.27M/s 7.18M/s 7.99M/s 16KiB 4.83M/s 5.04M/s 4.86M/s 4.76M/s 4.8M/s 4.91M/s How to interpret this result? Please help me, including my previous posts. Thank you.

12 years, 10 months

2
2
0 0

Samsung 32GB Class 10 SD-Card

by Benjamin Beichler

Hi, I have following cheaply bought SD-Card from Ebay: Samsung 32 GB MB-SSBGA MBSSBGVEOBGA-SH D 13CG5000 1 3 6 $:/sys/block/mmcblk0/device# head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/{c*,scr,*rev,*id,serial,*size} ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d3030303030107677b02300c100 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b590000e9e57f800a404000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 02b5800200000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d3030303030107677b02300c100 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x7677b023 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 and here is the first Benchmark which is for me hard to interprete: root@ThinkPad-T400:~/flashbench/flashbench# ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk0 --blocksize 1024 --count=100 align 8589934592 pre 208µs on 221µs post 206µs diff 14.3µs align 4294967296 pre 207µs on 223µs post 208µs diff 15.1µs align 2147483648 pre 205µs on 219µs post 207µs diff 13µs align 1073741824 pre 257µs on 305µs post 241µs diff 56.7µs align 536870912 pre 225µs on 261µs post 225µs diff 36µs align 268435456 pre 294µs on 387µs post 281µs diff 100µs align 134217728 pre 239µs on 285µs post 234µs diff 48.1µs align 67108864 pre 222µs on 267µs post 220µs diff 46.6µs align 33554432 pre 211µs on 257µs post 218µs diff 41.8µs align 16777216 pre 231µs on 296µs post 237µs diff 61.8µs align 8388608 pre 224µs on 260µs post 225µs diff 36.2µs align 4194304 pre 222µs on 259µs post 227µs diff 34.4µs align 2097152 pre 230µs on 260µs post 213µs diff 38.6µs align 1048576 pre 218µs on 254µs post 223µs diff 33.8µs align 524288 pre 234µs on 266µs post 216µs diff 40.7µs align 262144 pre 224µs on 258µs post 224µs diff 33.3µs align 131072 pre 228µs on 257µs post 210µs diff 37.8µs align 65536 pre 212µs on 248µs post 216µs diff 33.8µs align 32768 pre 223µs on 253µs post 205µs diff 38.3µs align 16384 pre 239µs on 258µs post 234µs diff 21.3µs align 8192 pre 233µs on 233µs post 233µs diff 424ns align 4096 pre 234µs on 240µs post 234µs diff 5.88µs align 2048 pre 233µs on 234µs post 234µs diff 584ns in other outputs there are more or less only two steps (at eraseblock size and blocksize) and they are differently ordered. The Debug FS says erase block should be 4 MB but from this Benchmark I would suggest something like 2GB?!? Or is it 128MB ? Blocksize is 16KB i would suggest but I could be wrong ... could you help me ? I will give the other results if the block sizes are more clear to me...

12 years, 10 months

2
1
0 0

ADATA USB Flash Drive

by Csordás Csaba Ifj.

Hi, I'm having troubles at the first step: determining the erase block size. The strange results are below. The original FAT layout was not saved when the drive was purchased. # lsusb Bus 004 Device 002: ID 125f:c82a A-DATA Technology Co., Ltd. # fdisk -l /dev/disk/by-id/usb-ADATA_USB_Flash_Drive_1061309422330015-0\:0 Disk /dev/disk/by-id/usb-ADATA_USB_Flash_Drive_1061309422330015-0:0: 7873 MB, 7873757184 bytes 180 heads, 14 sectors/track, 6102 cylinders, total 15378432 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf65985aa Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/disk/by-id/usb-ADATA_USB_Flash_Drive_1061309422330015-0:0-part1 2048 15378431 7688192 83 Linux # for i in 1 2 4 8 16; do echo -e "\n\nbs=$[$i*1024]"; flashbench -a /dev/disk/by-id/usb-ADATA_USB_Flash_Drive_1061309422330015-0\:0 --blocksize=$[$i*1024]; done bs=1024 align 2147483648 pre 829µs on 815µs post 836µs diff -17473n align 1073741824 pre 846µs on 796µs post 853µs diff -53379n align 536870912 pre 744µs on 781µs post 834µs diff -8238ns align 268435456 pre 827µs on 798µs post 831µs diff -31049n align 134217728 pre 758µs on 763µs post 763µs diff 2.71µs align 67108864 pre 789µs on 779µs post 815µs diff -22737n align 33554432 pre 773µs on 747µs post 779µs diff -29372n align 16777216 pre 695µs on 773µs post 816µs diff 16.8µs align 8388608 pre 688µs on 728µs post 691µs diff 39µs align 4194304 pre 733µs on 779µs post 815µs diff 4.47µs align 2097152 pre 742µs on 761µs post 759µs diff 10.8µs align 1048576 pre 811µs on 793µs post 817µs diff -21380n align 524288 pre 799µs on 794µs post 816µs diff -13187n align 262144 pre 756µs on 795µs post 800µs diff 17µs align 131072 pre 737µs on 685µs post 744µs diff -55710n align 65536 pre 741µs on 747µs post 747µs diff 3.18µs align 32768 pre 798µs on 780µs post 799µs diff -18178n align 16384 pre 732µs on 779µs post 796µs diff 15.1µs align 8192 pre 740µs on 776µs post 799µs diff 7.01µs align 4096 pre 952µs on 758µs post 799µs diff -117830 align 2048 pre 738µs on 774µs post 798µs diff 6.04µs bs=2048 align 2147483648 pre 853µs on 848µs post 869µs diff -12804n align 1073741824 pre 861µs on 869µs post 869µs diff 3.88µs align 536870912 pre 833µs on 834µs post 835µs diff -193ns align 268435456 pre 877µs on 907µs post 900µs diff 18.4µs align 134217728 pre 842µs on 851µs post 870µs diff -5455ns align 67108864 pre 828µs on 799µs post 833µs diff -31688n align 33554432 pre 767µs on 827µs post 832µs diff 26.9µs align 16777216 pre 758µs on 776µs post 762µs diff 16.2µs align 8388608 pre 713µs on 714µs post 712µs diff 868ns align 4194304 pre 857µs on 887µs post 866µs diff 25.9µs align 2097152 pre 837µs on 867µs post 872µs diff 12.7µs align 1048576 pre 847µs on 834µs post 847µs diff -13895n align 524288 pre 865µs on 882µs post 866µs diff 16.4µs align 262144 pre 864µs on 849µs post 868µs diff -17470n align 131072 pre 795µs on 799µs post 799µs diff 1.98µs align 65536 pre 868µs on 868µs post 867µs diff 205ns align 32768 pre 866µs on 867µs post 868µs diff -623ns align 16384 pre 859µs on 853µs post 871µs diff -11754n align 8192 pre 859µs on 869µs post 849µs diff 15µs align 4096 pre 978µs on 980µs post 829µs diff 76.4µs bs=4096 align 2147483648 pre 905µs on 908µs post 1.05ms diff -70516n align 1073741824 pre 997µs on 979µs post 1.11ms diff -72729n align 536870912 pre 961µs on 978µs post 1.1ms diff -51399n align 268435456 pre 965µs on 973µs post 1.07ms diff -42441n align 134217728 pre 890µs on 891µs post 1.03ms diff -70698n align 67108864 pre 855µs on 838µs post 1.02ms diff -97971n align 33554432 pre 853µs on 870µs post 1.05ms diff -80043n align 16777216 pre 832µs on 832µs post 1.03ms diff -98061n align 8388608 pre 842µs on 843µs post 1.03ms diff -92877n align 4194304 pre 933µs on 960µs post 1.08ms diff -46878n align 2097152 pre 924µs on 926µs post 1.03ms diff -51066n align 1048576 pre 948µs on 925µs post 1.07ms diff -82986n align 524288 pre 970µs on 981µs post 1.1ms diff -55840n align 262144 pre 985µs on 954µs post 1.12ms diff -97010n align 131072 pre 933µs on 944µs post 1.08ms diff -60718n align 65536 pre 970µs on 956µs post 1.03ms diff -46152n align 32768 pre 963µs on 943µs post 1.11ms diff -91246n align 16384 pre 914µs on 924µs post 1.07ms diff -67228n align 8192 pre 923µs on 924µs post 1.09ms diff -80328n bs=8192 align 2147483648 pre 1.66ms on 1.62ms post 1.64ms diff -29621n align 1073741824 pre 1.65ms on 1.64ms post 1.68ms diff -22022n align 536870912 pre 1.62ms on 1.62ms post 1.62ms diff 662ns align 268435456 pre 1.62ms on 1.6ms post 1.62ms diff -17675n align 134217728 pre 1.64ms on 1.61ms post 1.64ms diff -31935n align 67108864 pre 1.68ms on 1.67ms post 1.67ms diff -3326ns align 33554432 pre 1.73ms on 1.74ms post 1.74ms diff 9.42µs align 16777216 pre 1.66ms on 1.64ms post 1.64ms diff -7797ns align 8388608 pre 1.65ms on 1.66ms post 1.65ms diff 8.27µs align 4194304 pre 1.63ms on 1.65ms post 1.65ms diff 10.3µs align 2097152 pre 1.62ms on 1.64ms post 1.64ms diff 6.62µs align 1048576 pre 1.66ms on 1.66ms post 1.65ms diff 2.68µs align 524288 pre 1.66ms on 1.64ms post 1.64ms diff -6934ns align 262144 pre 1.65ms on 1.66ms post 1.66ms diff 197ns align 131072 pre 1.64ms on 1.64ms post 1.64ms diff 1.64µs align 65536 pre 1.65ms on 1.62ms post 1.62ms diff -12165n align 32768 pre 1.66ms on 1.66ms post 1.67ms diff -9644ns align 16384 pre 1.62ms on 1.62ms post 1.64ms diff -9352ns bs=16384 align 2147483648 pre 2.39ms on 2.35ms post 2.33ms diff -7216ns align 1073741824 pre 2.46ms on 2.44ms post 2.43ms diff 341ns align 536870912 pre 2.28ms on 2.28ms post 2.28ms diff -1850ns align 268435456 pre 2.32ms on 2.28ms post 2.3ms diff -29446n align 134217728 pre 2.3ms on 2.32ms post 2.32ms diff 7.53µs align 67108864 pre 2.32ms on 2.31ms post 2.3ms diff 2.12µs align 33554432 pre 2.38ms on 2.41ms post 2.43ms diff 4µs align 16777216 pre 2.32ms on 2.28ms post 2.27ms diff -7553ns align 8388608 pre 2.28ms on 2.28ms post 2.29ms diff -6386ns align 4194304 pre 2.28ms on 2.28ms post 2.28ms diff -1055ns align 2097152 pre 2.28ms on 2.26ms post 2.28ms diff -18798n align 1048576 pre 2.28ms on 2.28ms post 2.26ms diff 9.31µs align 524288 pre 2.33ms on 2.32ms post 2.32ms diff -4279ns align 262144 pre 2.29ms on 2.28ms post 2.25ms diff 8.77µs align 131072 pre 2.3ms on 2.26ms post 2.3ms diff -35064n align 65536 pre 2.31ms on 2.27ms post 2.28ms diff -33000n align 32768 pre 2.3ms on 2.31ms post 2.34ms diff -730ns # flashbench -a /dev/disk/by-id/usb-ADATA_USB_Flash_Drive_1061309422330015-0\:0 --blocksize=$[10*1024] align 1342177280 pre 1.66ms on 2.14ms post 1.69ms diff 465µs align 671088640 pre 1.66ms on 2.16ms post 1.66ms diff 499µs align 335544320 pre 1.69ms on 2.19ms post 1.71ms diff 493µs align 167772160 pre 1.76ms on 2.26ms post 1.75ms diff 510µs align 83886080 pre 1.62ms on 2.09ms post 1.67ms diff 447µs align 41943040 pre 1.8ms on 2.33ms post 1.76ms diff 551µs align 20971520 pre 1.62ms on 2.12ms post 1.64ms diff 490µs align 10485760 pre 1.64ms on 2.1ms post 1.65ms diff 455µs align 5242880 pre 1.62ms on 2.08ms post 1.68ms diff 432µs align 2621440 pre 1.65ms on 2.12ms post 1.68ms diff 456µs align 1310720 pre 1.6ms on 2.03ms post 1.55ms diff 450µs align 655360 pre 1.57ms on 2.03ms post 1.62ms diff 437µs align 327680 pre 1.66ms on 2.08ms post 1.64ms diff 435µs align 163840 pre 1.63ms on 2.06ms post 1.62ms diff 436µs align 81920 pre 1.64ms on 2.08ms post 1.64ms diff 447µs align 40960 pre 1.66ms on 2.19ms post 1.73ms diff 499µs align 20480 pre 2.07ms on 1.64ms post 1.66ms diff -226664

12 years, 10 months

3
3
0 0

ERA - Asset Disposal

by Luka Belik

Greetings, My name is Luka from the Electronic Recycling Association (www.era.ca). In hope you might be able to help us, I would like to tell you a little bit about our charity work. This is what we do: we are a non-profit organization dedicated in reducing electronic waste through the reuse and recycling of unwanted computers. We collect all kinds of IT and electronic equipment (computers, laptops, printers, telephones etc). Then we refurbish it and donate to various charities and non-profit organizations. That makes us different from any other recycler, we want to add value to your company by donating! ERA`s donations are followed by various media, so it can also help to improve your company`s social responsibility profile. This is what we can do for you: - Pick up all of your old IT & electronic equipment you don`t need any more at your site, - Remove all of your company`s data from computers according to military standards (free hard-drive wiping services plus data removal certificate), - Refurbish your donated items and donate them to local charities in need in your behalf. - Recycle locally all of the equipment that cannot be reused. With your help we can not only achieve our mission of reducing the negative impact of electronic waste on our environment, but also ensure that your unwanted computer equipment is donated to a worthy charity or non-profit organization. These are the current charities we are trying to help, and the list is, unfortunately, increasing: http://era.ca/index.php?page=charities. Please contact me directly on 604 756 1930 if you have any electronic equipment you would like to donate at this time or if you need any further information about our services. We have offices and warehouses all across Canada. I am looking forward to your response! Thank you for your time and have a great day! Sincerely, Luka Belik Donations Coordinator Electronic Recycling Association * luka(a)era.ca * 604 756 1930 * www.era.ca * 1 403 262 4488 | 1 604 215 4483 | 1 780 455 2088 | 1 877 939 2783

12 years, 11 months

1
0
0 0

lists.linaro.org maintenance completed

by IT Services

This is to let you know that the migration of lists.linaro.org has been successfully completed. As per the email I sent on Wednesday, it may take some time for the new address of the server to be seen by your computer. You can check this by trying to connect to the web site: http://lists.linaro.org/ If you are able to connect and you do not get an error, this means you are connecting to the new server and you can send email to the lists. If you experience any problems after the weekend and you find that you still cannot connect to the server, please reply to this email to let us know. Regards Philip IT Services Manager Linaro

12 years, 11 months

1
0
0 0

Multi-languages make different

by Peter Yang

12 years, 11 months

1
0
0 0

Planned maintenance - lists.linaro.org

by IT Services

Hello You are receiving this email because you are subscribed to one or more mailing lists provided by the lists.linaro.org server. IT Services are announcing planned maintenance for this server scheduled for *Friday 15th March 2013, starting at 2pm GMT*. The purpose of the work is to move the service to another server. There will be some disruption during this maintenance. In order to ensure that you do not accidentally try to use the service while it is being moved, the current server will be shut down at 2pm. A further email will be sent on Friday afternoon to confirm that the migration of the service is completed. However, due to the way servers are found, it may take a while before your computer is able to connect to the relocated service. After the old server has been shut down, email sent to any of the lists will be queued, but it is possible that the sending server will still trying to deliver the email to the old server rather than the new one when it is started. It is therefore *strongly* recommended that you do not send any email to an @lists.linaro.org email address until you can connect to the new service, which you will be able to test by trying to use a web browser to connect to http://lists.linaro.org after you receive the email confirming that the migration has been completed. Since the old service will be shut down, if you are able to connect, you can be sure you have connected to the new service. If by Monday you are still unable to connect to the service or you are not able to send email to an @lists.linaro.org email address, please send an email to its(a)linaro.org. Thank you. Regards Philip IT Services Manager Linaro

12 years, 11 months

1
0
0 0

Samsung 32GB Class 6 SDHC SSBGB

by Arnd Bergmann

Label: MB-SSBGB MBSSBGVEQAFA-XF D-HJIA39HE 244 MADE IN KOREA DESIGNED BY SAMSUNG ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== head: error reading '/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d3030303030107085d85000cb00 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b590000ea3d7f800a404000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 11/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== head: error reading '/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== 00000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== head: error reading '/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 02b5800200000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x7085d850 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== head: error reading '/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=00000 MODALIAS=mmc:block $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/mmcblk0 Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 31.4 GB, 31439454208 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3822 cylinders, total 61405184 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 8192 61405183 30698496 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) $ factor $[31439454208 / 1024] 30702592: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 29983 => 1 MB alignment! $ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk0 --blocksize=1024 --count=32 align 3221225472 pre 324µs on 439µs post 324µs diff 115µs align 2147483648 pre 322µs on 325µs post 321µs diff 3.61µs align 1610612736 pre 321µs on 449µs post 317µs diff 130µs align 1073741824 pre 324µs on 336µs post 326µs diff 11.5µs align 805306368 pre 318µs on 449µs post 321µs diff 129µs align 536870912 pre 323µs on 334µs post 324µs diff 10.8µs align 402653184 pre 316µs on 449µs post 322µs diff 130µs align 268435456 pre 318µs on 336µs post 318µs diff 17.8µs align 201326592 pre 323µs on 449µs post 327µs diff 124µs align 134217728 pre 326µs on 338µs post 322µs diff 13.8µs align 100663296 pre 314µs on 445µs post 323µs diff 126µs align 67108864 pre 324µs on 334µs post 324µs diff 9.46µs align 50331648 pre 321µs on 448µs post 321µs diff 127µs align 33554432 pre 314µs on 333µs post 311µs diff 19.9µs align 25165824 pre 314µs on 436µs post 325µs diff 116µs align 16777216 pre 305µs on 320µs post 302µs diff 16.3µs align 12582912 pre 322µs on 444µs post 315µs diff 126µs align 8388608 pre 314µs on 344µs post 318µs diff 28.5µs align 6291456 pre 319µs on 336µs post 316µs diff 18.7µs align 4194304 pre 316µs on 341µs post 315µs diff 25.3µs align 3145728 pre 321µs on 336µs post 322µs diff 15.2µs align 2097152 pre 318µs on 333µs post 315µs diff 16.3µs align 1572864 pre 321µs on 336µs post 320µs diff 15.3µs align 1048576 pre 315µs on 336µs post 318µs diff 19.7µs align 786432 pre 312µs on 335µs post 314µs diff 22µs align 524288 pre 313µs on 325µs post 314µs diff 11.5µs align 393216 pre 317µs on 340µs post 308µs diff 27.7µs align 262144 pre 312µs on 333µs post 317µs diff 18.4µs align 196608 pre 322µs on 343µs post 319µs diff 22.5µs align 131072 pre 314µs on 338µs post 320µs diff 21.6µs align 98304 pre 320µs on 329µs post 313µs diff 12.9µs align 65536 pre 318µs on 339µs post 321µs diff 19.6µs align 49152 pre 316µs on 344µs post 317µs diff 27.2µs align 32768 pre 315µs on 337µs post 307µs diff 25.3µs align 24576 pre 319µs on 313µs post 320µs diff -6037ns align 16384 pre 320µs on 340µs post 317µs diff 21.6µs align 12288 pre 324µs on 310µs post 310µs diff -6805ns align 8192 pre 312µs on 315µs post 322µs diff -1760ns align 6144 pre 318µs on 319µs post 321µs diff -153ns align 4096 pre 312µs on 311µs post 306µs diff 2.34µs align 3072 pre 315µs on 322µs post 320µs diff 3.93µs align 2048 pre 312µs on 320µs post 323µs diff 2.98µs ===> Suggests 12 MB erase blocks, 16 KB page size $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] 12MiB 12.6M/s 6MiB 13M/s 3MiB 13M/s 1.5MiB 13M/s 768KiB 13M/s 384KiB 13M/s 192KiB 13M/s 96KiB 12.1M/s 48KiB 12.1M/s 24KiB 6.89M/s 12KiB 5.8M/s ===> looks great so far $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] --random 12MiB 13M/s 6MiB 13M/s 3MiB 13.1M/s 1.5MiB 13M/s 768KiB 13M/s 384KiB 13M/s 192KiB 13M/s 96KiB 12.1M/s 48KiB 12.1M/s 24KiB 6.96M/s 12KiB 5.79M/s ===> ok, so we can continue with --random $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] --random --open-au-nr=6 12MiB 11.6M/s 6MiB 11.1M/s 3MiB 10.8M/s 1.5MiB 10.4M/s 768KiB 10.2M/s 384KiB 9.96M/s 192KiB 9.91M/s 96KiB 9.29M/s 48KiB 9.26M/s 24KiB 5.75M/s 12KiB 5.87M/s ===> unclear what this means $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] --random --open-au-nr=3 12MiB 11.5M/s 6MiB 11.3M/s 3MiB 11.4M/s 1.5MiB 11.3M/s 768KiB 10.8M/s 384KiB 10.5M/s 192KiB 10.1M/s 96KiB 9.32M/s 48KiB 9.35M/s 24KiB 5.93M/s 12KiB 5.87M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] --random --open-au-nr=10 12MiB 11.7M/s 6MiB 11.5M/s 3MiB 10.8M/s 1.5MiB 10.4M/s 768KiB 10.2M/s 384KiB 9.96M/s 192KiB 9.83M/s 96KiB 9.11M/s 48KiB 9.25M/s 24KiB 5.67M/s 12KiB 5.66M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] --random --open-au-nr=30 12MiB 11.6M/s 6MiB 11.2M/s 3MiB 10.7M/s 1.5MiB 10.5M/s 768KiB 10.8M/s 384KiB 11M/s 192KiB 10.9M/s 96KiB 8.65M/s 48KiB 9.67M/s 24KiB 5.5M/s 12KiB 5.35M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] --random --open-au-nr=31 12MiB 12.6M/s 6MiB 12.8M/s 3MiB 12.7M/s 1.5MiB 12.5M/s 768KiB 12.1M/s 384KiB 12M/s 192KiB 11.9M/s 96KiB 10.5M/s 48KiB 10.8M/s 24KiB 5.9M/s 12KiB 5.33M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[3*4096] --open-au-nr=33 12MiB 12.6M/s 6MiB 12.7M/s 3MiB 12.7M/s 1.5MiB 12.6M/s 768KiB 12.2M/s 384KiB 12.1M/s 192KiB 12M/s 96KiB 10.9M/s 48KiB 11.1M/s 24KiB 6.12M/s 12KiB 5.49M/s ===> this looks really great, though not helpful for trying to figure out what the card does inside ===> trying with a smaller erasesize $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[1024*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] 1MiB 11.8M/s 512KiB 12.5M/s 256KiB 12.5M/s 128KiB 12.2M/s 64KiB 11.6M/s 32KiB 10.3M/s 16KiB 7.72M/s 8KiB 5.86M/s 4KiB 3.59M/s 2KiB 1.86M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[1024*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --open-au-nr=30 1MiB 10.1M/s 512KiB 10.9M/s 256KiB 9.67M/s 128KiB 8.84M/s 64KiB 6.59M/s 32KiB 5.26M/s 16KiB 3.2M/s 8KiB 2.34M/s 4KiB 1.23M/s 2KiB 600K/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random 256KiB 10M/s 128KiB 10.9M/s 64KiB 10.2M/s 32KiB 8.34M/s 16KiB 6.37M/s 8KiB 5.98M/s 4KiB 3.55M/s 2KiB 1.83M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=10 256KiB 10.1M/s 128KiB 11M/s 64KiB 11M/s 32KiB 9.07M/s 16KiB 5.58M/s 8KiB 5.73M/s 4KiB 3.59M/s 2KiB 1.8M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=20 256KiB 11.1M/s 128KiB 9.49M/s 64KiB 8.2M/s 32KiB 5.8M/s 16KiB 3.39M/s 8KiB 2.42M/s 4KiB 1.22M/s 2KiB 622K/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=15 256KiB 11.5M/s 128KiB 12M/s 64KiB 10.8M/s 32KiB 8.8M/s 16KiB 5.78M/s 8KiB 5.67M/s 4KiB 3.55M/s 2KiB 1.85M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=17 256KiB 11.3M/s 128KiB 11.1M/s 64KiB 10.1M/s 32KiB 10.4M/s 16KiB 6.22M/s 8KiB 5.87M/s 4KiB 3.65M/s 2KiB 1.85M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 256KiB 11.4M/s 128KiB 11.8M/s 64KiB 11.1M/s 32KiB 10.2M/s 16KiB 7.66M/s 8KiB 5.93M/s 4KiB 3.66M/s 2KiB 1.84M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=19 256KiB 10.9M/s 128KiB 10.4M/s 64KiB 8.33M/s 32KiB 5.93M/s 16KiB 4.04M/s 8KiB 2.42M/s 4KiB 1.23M/s 2KiB 624K/s ===> when writing 256 KB chunks, it is fast up to 18 segments $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[512*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 512KiB 11.1M/s 256KiB 11M/s 128KiB 10.5M/s 64KiB 9.48M/s 32KiB 7.29M/s 16KiB 5.5M/s 8KiB 5.96M/s 4KiB 3.26M/s 2KiB 1.83M/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[512*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=19 512KiB 10.4M/s 256KiB 10M/s 128KiB 8.78M/s 64KiB 7.45M/s 32KiB 5.72M/s 16KiB 3.42M/s 8KiB 2.43M/s 4KiB 1.24M/s 2KiB 619K/s ===> same for 512 KB chunks, now let's see if we can find the erase size after all. $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[512*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[48*1024*1024] 512KiB 13.3M/s 256KiB 13.2M/s 128KiB 13.2M/s 64KiB 13.2M/s 32KiB 10.3M/s 16KiB 8.94M/s 8KiB 6.03M/s 4KiB 3.7M/s 2KiB 1.86M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[512*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[48*1024*1024 - 256*1024] 512KiB 8.55M/s 256KiB 12.1M/s 128KiB 10.7M/s 64KiB 9.88M/s 32KiB 6.93M/s 16KiB 5.59M/s 8KiB 3.48M/s 4KiB 1.86M/s 2KiB 846K/s ===> slow when crossing the boundary at 48MB, trying other boundaries $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocks ize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[32*1024*1024 - 128*1024] 256KiB 11.8M/s 128KiB 13.2M/s 64KiB 13.1M/s 32KiB 11.1M/s 16KiB 8.86M/s 8KiB 6.02M/s 4KiB 3.41M/s 2KiB 1.88M/s ===> fast on the 32 MB boundary $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[24*1024*1024 - 128*1024] 256KiB 10.6M/s 128KiB 10.4M/s 64KiB 9.37M/s 32KiB 6.54M/s 16KiB 4.81M/s 8KiB 3.48M/s 4KiB 1.61M/s 2KiB 913K/s ===> slow on the 24 MB boundary $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[36*1024*1024 - 128*1024] 256KiB 8.17M/s 128KiB 8.59M/s 64KiB 8.57M/s 32KiB 5.73M/s 16KiB 5.05M/s 8KiB 3.43M/s 4KiB 1.85M/s 2KiB 879K/s ===> slow on the 36 MB boundary $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[42*1024*1024 - 128*1024] 256KiB 11.6M/s 128KiB 13.1M/s 64KiB 13M/s 32KiB 11.2M/s 16KiB 8.25M/s 8KiB 5.98M/s 4KiB 3.67M/s 2KiB 1.87M/s ===> fast on the 42 MB boundary $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[72*1024*1024 - 128*1024] 256KiB 5.6M/s 128KiB 10.3M/s 64KiB 9.43M/s 32KiB 4.65M/s 16KiB 5.04M/s 8KiB 3.48M/s 4KiB 1.82M/s 2KiB 928K/s ===> slow on the 72 MB boundary $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[12*1024*1024*1024 - 128*1024] 256KiB 3.05M/s 128KiB 11M/s 64KiB 9.43M/s 32KiB 4.66M/s 16KiB 5.09M/s 8KiB 3.44M/s 4KiB 1.85M/s 2KiB 938K/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --erasesize=$[256*1024] --blocksize=$[2048] --random --open-au-nr=18 --offset=$[12*1024*1024*1024] 256KiB 12.1M/s 128KiB 13.2M/s 64KiB 13.2M/s 32KiB 11.4M/s 16KiB 8.93M/s 8KiB 4.45M/s 4KiB 3.67M/s 2KiB 1.9M/s ===> slow on the 12 GB boundary. apparently all 12 MB multiples are slow, confirming the 12 MB erase size Verdict: This card will be good with f2fs when formatted with 12 MB log sizes, and partitions aligned to 12 MB, which unfortunately, tools do not do by default. It should also work reasonably with ext4 and btrfs, although the 12 MB erase blocks are large enough to be problematic for small file writes. -------------------------------------------------------

12 years, 11 months

2
4
0 0

Micron MTFC2GMVEA-0M WT 2GB eMMC

by Andrew Bradford

Flashbench results for Micron MTFC2GMVEA-0M WT 2GB eMMC. root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# head /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/cid <== fe014e4d4d433032473a1158f1467f35 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/csd <== d04f01320f5a1393ffffffe38a4000e7 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/date <== 07/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/enhanced_area_offset <== 18446744073709551594 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/enhanced_area_size <== 4294967274 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/erase_size <== 524288 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/hwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/manfid <== 0x0000fe ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/name <== MMC02G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/oemid <== 0x014e ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/raw_rpmb_size_mult <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/rel_sectors <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/serial <== 0x1158f146 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/type <== MMC ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=MMC MMC_NAME=MMC02G MODALIAS=mmc:block root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# cat /sys/kernel/debug/mmc1/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ 52000000 clock: 52000000 Hz vdd: 7 (1.65 - 1.95 V) bus mode: 2 (push-pull) chip select: 0 (don't care) power mode: 2 (on) bus width: 2 (4 bits) timing spec: 1 (mmc high-speed) signal voltage: 0 (3.30 V) mmc1: ctx_loss: 0:0 regs: CON: 0x00000600 HCTL: 0x00000b06 SYSCTL: 0x000c0087 IE: 0x00000000 ISE: 0x00000000 CAPA: 0x06e10080 root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk1 bs=1M count=256 oflag=direct 256+0 records in 256+0 records out 268435456 bytes (268 MB) copied, 46.5893 s, 5.8 MB/s root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# dd if=/dev/mmcblk1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=256 iflag=direct 256+0 records in 256+0 records out 268435456 bytes (268 MB) copied, 15.1334 s, 17.7 MB/s root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# fdisk -l /dev/mmcblk1 Disk /dev/mmcblk1: 1920 MB, 1920991232 bytes 4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 58624 cylinders, total 3751936 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk1 --blocksize=1024 --count=100 align 536870912 pre 1.03ms on 1.48ms post 1.03ms diff 451µs align 268435456 pre 1ms on 1.41ms post 1.01ms diff 403µs align 134217728 pre 978µs on 1.44ms post 918µs diff 488µs align 67108864 pre 932µs on 1.26ms post 782µs diff 407µs align 33554432 pre 981µs on 1.35ms post 923µs diff 393µs align 16777216 pre 988µs on 1.43ms post 992µs diff 442µs align 8388608 pre 993µs on 1.44ms post 989µs diff 446µs align 4194304 pre 904µs on 1.22ms post 740µs diff 398µs align 2097152 pre 992µs on 1.44ms post 984µs diff 448µs align 1048576 pre 989µs on 1.05ms post 991µs diff 57.4µs align 524288 pre 989µs on 1.05ms post 992µs diff 62.4µs align 262144 pre 743µs on 801µs post 746µs diff 56.4µs align 131072 pre 986µs on 1.05ms post 992µs diff 59µs align 65536 pre 983µs on 1.04ms post 987µs diff 54.7µs align 32768 pre 982µs on 1.04ms post 985µs diff 58.6µs align 16384 pre 953µs on 1ms post 937µs diff 55.3µs align 8192 pre 742µs on 794µs post 738µs diff 54µs align 4096 pre 979µs on 1.04ms post 985µs diff 57.5µs align 2048 pre 982µs on 1.02ms post 982µs diff 41.3µs ## Looks like 2 MiB erase blocks root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=1 2MiB 2.52M/s 1MiB 2.47M/s 512KiB 2.52M/s 256KiB 2.49M/s 128KiB 2.48M/s 64KiB 2.49M/s 32KiB 2.34M/s 16KiB 2.13M/s 8KiB 1.82M/s root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=5 2MiB 4.49M/s 1MiB 3.84M/s 512KiB 4.42M/s 256KiB 4.34M/s 128KiB 4.23M/s 64KiB 4.14M/s 32KiB 3.34M/s 16KiB 1.22M/s 8KiB 927K/s root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=6 2MiB 5.66M/s 1MiB 3.33M/s 512KiB 1.27M/s 256KiB 598K/s ^C ## 5 open-au non-random root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=5 --random 2MiB 6.16M/s 1MiB 1.6M/s 512KiB 2.48M/s 256KiB 2.51M/s 128KiB 1.64M/s 64KiB 1.27M/s 32KiB 1.07M/s 16KiB 1.21M/s 8KiB 886K/s root@beaglebone:~/flashbench# ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=6 --random 2MiB 5.37M/s 1MiB 3.35M/s 512KiB 1.28M/s 256KiB 601K/s 128KiB 295K/s ^C ## 5 open-au in random, too I expected better but this is a lower end eMMC from Micron. -Andrew

13 years

3
4
0 0

32 GB Lexar SDHC UHS-1

by Arnd Bergmann

$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/mmcblk0 [sudo] password for arnd: Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 32.0 GB, 32026656768 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3893 cylinders, total 62552064 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 8192 62552063 31271936 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 3 $ factor 32026656768 32026656768: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 10181 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 284245202020202010b726678300cc00 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b590000ee9d7f800a400000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 12/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== head: error reading '/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000028 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x4245 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== head: error reading '/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800300000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0xb7266783 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== head: error reading '/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=2 --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=512 4MiB 5.79M/s 2MiB 7.05M/s 1MiB 6.9M/s 512KiB 8.08M/s 256KiB 7.9M/s 128KiB 8.91M/s 64KiB 7.84M/s 32KiB 5.53M/s 16KiB 3.16M/s 8KiB 1.69M/s 4KiB 871K/s 2KiB 445K/s 1KiB 223K/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=2 --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=512 8MiB 10M/s 4MiB 10M/s 2MiB 9.86M/s 1MiB 9.84M/s 512KiB 9.66M/s 256KiB 9.32M/s 128KiB 8.75M/s 64KiB 7.75M/s 32KiB 5.27M/s 16KiB 2.71M/s 8KiB 1.44M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=8 --erasesize=$[12*1024*1024] --blocksize=3072 12MiB 7.01M/s 6MiB 6.6M/s 3MiB 5.91M/s 1.5MiB 6.31M/s 768KiB 6.24M/s 384KiB 7.42M/s 192KiB 7.2M/s 96KiB 7.42M/s 48KiB 5.28M/s 24KiB 3.41M/s 12KiB 2.03M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=18 --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] 8MiB 8.78M/s 4MiB 9.96M/s 2MiB 9.91M/s 1MiB 9.86M/s 512KiB 9.73M/s 256KiB 9.46M/s 128KiB 8.98M/s 64KiB 8.16M/s 32KiB 5.73M/s 16KiB 3M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=31 --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=512 8MiB 8.77M/s 4MiB 9.98M/s 2MiB 9.95M/s 1MiB 9.87M/s 512KiB 9.75M/s 256KiB 9.48M/s 128KiB 8.95M/s 64KiB 8.1M/s 32KiB 5.65M/s 16KiB 3.16M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=8 --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=512 --random 8MiB 9.99M/s 4MiB 9.53M/s 2MiB 9.97M/s 1MiB 9.89M/s 512KiB 9.8M/s 256KiB 9.55M/s 128KiB 9.11M/s 64KiB 8.34M/s 32KiB 5.89M/s 16KiB 3.4M/s 8KiB 1.83M/s 4KiB 950K/s 2KiB 484K/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=8 --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=512 --ranm --offset=$[16*1024*1024 + 65536] 8MiB 9.95M/s 4MiB 9.98M/s 2MiB 10M/s 1MiB 9.92M/s 512KiB 9.82M/s ^Carnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=8 --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=512 --ranm --offset=$[16*1024*1024 + 16384] 8MiB 7.51M/s 4MiB 8.62M/s 2MiB 8.59M/s 1MiB 8.53M/s 512KiB 8.45M/s 256KiB 8.27M/s 128KiB 7.95M/s 64KiB 7.35M/s 32KiB 4.77M/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au-nr=8 --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=512 --ranm --offset=$[16*1024*1024 + 4096] 8MiB 7.77M/s 4MiB 7.78M/s 2MiB 7.76M/s 1MiB 7.7M/s 512KiB 7.64M/s 256KiB 7.51M/s 128KiB 7.22M/s

13 years

1
0
0 0

Advertising on your site

by Alan Briggs

Good Afternoon, My name is Alan Briggs, I am responsible for all English speaking markets at teliad, an international service provider in the field of Search Engine Optimization (SEO). I was just doing some research online for a current project I'm working on and found your site lists.linaro.org. This seems like a good fit, as it shows some great SEO factors. I figured I'd go ahead and use the contact details provided on the webpage and drop you a quick line. At this point, we'd be very interested in exploring the marketing possibilities of your site - especially when it comes to integrating text links (pure html backlinks). Should this be of interest, I would certainly be happy to explain further. Don't hesitate to give me a call or shoot me an email anytime! Thanks & have a great day! Best regards, Alan Briggs ------------------------------------------------------------------------ teliad Internetmarketing GmbH | Kreuznacher Str. 62 | 70372 Stuttgart | Tel. +49 (0)711 231 971 26 Germany | http://www.teliad.com HRB 720138 Stuttgart Court of First Instance CEO: Andreas Armbruster ------------------------------------------------------------------------ DISCLAIMER: The information contained in this e-mail may be confidential and/or protected by law. If you are not the intended addressee(s) or have received this message in error, please notify the sender immediately and delete it from your system. Any unauthorized use, distribution, copying or modification of this message and its attachments is strictly prohibited.

13 years, 1 month

1
0
0 0

Samsung Essential MB-SSBGA Class 10 SDHC 32GB

by Martin Steigerwald

Hi Arnd, hi everyone, I got the Samsung Essential 32 GB SDHC as well now: martin@merkaba:~[…]/flashbench> sudo ./flashreport /dev/mmcblk0 ===> MMC card detected with erase block size of 524288 bytes <=== ==> find /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/ -maxdepth 1 -type f | xargs head <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d3030303030107888d12300c100 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b590000e9e57f800a404000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 02b5800200000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 01/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== 00000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x7888d123 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=00000 MODALIAS=mmc:block ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> fdisk -lu <== Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 31.4 GB, 31393316864 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3816 cylinders, total 61315072 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 8192 61315071 30653440 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) ==> sfdisk -d <== # partition table of /dev/mmcblk0 unit: sectors /dev/mmcblk0p1 : start= 8192, size= 61306880, Id= c /dev/mmcblk0p2 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0 /dev/mmcblk0p3 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0 /dev/mmcblk0p4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0 ===> Partition details <=== ==> file -sk /dev/mmcblk0 <== /dev/mmcblk0: sticky x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0xc, starthead 130, startsector 8192, 61306880 sectors, extended partition table (last)\011, code offset 0x0 ==> file -sk /dev/mmcblk0p1 <== /dev/mmcblk0p1: sticky x86 boot sector, code offset 0x0, OEM-ID " ", sectors/cluster 64, reserved sectors 1420, Media descriptor 0xf8, heads 255, hidden sectors 8192, sectors 61306880 (volumes > 32 MB) , FAT (32 bit), sectors/FAT 7482, reserved3 0x800000, serial number 0x90164ef8, unlabeled ==> head -c20M | hexdump -C<== 00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001b0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 82 |................| 000001c0 03 00 0c fe ff ff 00 20 00 00 00 78 a7 03 00 00 |....... ...x....| 000001d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400000 eb 00 90 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 02 40 8c 05 |... ..@..| 00400010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 ff 00 00 20 00 00 |........?.... ..| 00400020 00 78 a7 03 3a 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |.x..:...........| 00400030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00400040 80 00 29 f8 4e 16 90 4e 4f 20 4e 41 4d 45 20 20 |..).N..NO NAME | 00400050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 | FAT32 ......| 00400060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400200 52 52 61 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |RRaA............| 00400210 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004003e0 00 00 00 00 72 72 41 61 ff ff ff ff 02 00 00 00 |....rrAa........| 004003f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400400 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004005f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400600 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400c00 eb 00 90 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 02 40 8c 05 |... ..@..| 00400c10 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 ff 00 00 20 00 00 |........?.... ..| 00400c20 00 78 a7 03 3a 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |.x..:...........| 00400c30 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00400c40 80 00 29 f8 4e 16 90 4e 4f 20 4e 41 4d 45 20 20 |..).N..NO NAME | 00400c50 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 | FAT32 ......| 00400c60 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400df0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400e00 52 52 61 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |RRaA............| 00400e10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400fe0 00 00 00 00 72 72 41 61 ff ff ff ff 02 00 00 00 |....rrAa........| 00400ff0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00401000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004011f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00401200 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004b1800 f8 ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f 00 00 00 00 |................| 004b1810 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00858c00 f8 ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f 00 00 00 00 |................| 00858c10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00c08000 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................| * 01400000 ===> Trying to find erase block size by read tests <=== ==> sudo flashbench -a --count=100 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 <== align 8589934592 pre 214µs on 219µs post 214µs diff 4.59µs align 4294967296 pre 214µs on 218µs post 214µs diff 3.9µs align 2147483648 pre 214µs on 218µs post 215µs diff 3.27µs align 1073741824 pre 215µs on 220µs post 214µs diff 5.32µs align 536870912 pre 213µs on 217µs post 213µs diff 3.99µs align 268435456 pre 216µs on 220µs post 215µs diff 4.51µs align 134217728 pre 213µs on 217µs post 213µs diff 3.51µs align 67108864 pre 215µs on 221µs post 216µs diff 5.56µs align 33554432 pre 213µs on 216µs post 213µs diff 2.97µs align 16777216 pre 215µs on 219µs post 214µs diff 4.73µs align 8388608 pre 231µs on 256µs post 234µs diff 23.7µs align 4194304 pre 246µs on 272µs post 235µs diff 32.1µs align 2097152 pre 237µs on 272µs post 243µs diff 31.7µs align 1048576 pre 246µs on 267µs post 229µs diff 29.7µs align 524288 pre 237µs on 273µs post 244µs diff 32.6µs align 262144 pre 246µs on 268µs post 230µs diff 29.7µs align 131072 pre 237µs on 273µs post 245µs diff 32.3µs align 65536 pre 246µs on 268µs post 229µs diff 30.5µs align 32768 pre 237µs on 274µs post 244µs diff 33.3µs align 16384 pre 237µs on 247µs post 235µs diff 10.7µs align 8192 pre 235µs on 236µs post 236µs diff 463ns align 4096 pre 236µs on 236µs post 236µs diff 223ns align 2048 pre 235µs on 236µs post 236µs diff 498ns (See README for an explaination on how to interpret the values.) Medium is a memory card which reports 524288 bytes as erase block size and 4194304 bytes as preferred erase size. ===> Suggestions for further benchmarking <=== Further tests can show the number of open erase blocks the medium can support. BEWARE: These tests write onto the device! Make a backup first! Further tests could look as follows: flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=3 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=5 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=7 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=13 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] (Consult the README for further suggestions.) You already said that this card could be trickier. And frankly, I do not see a clear change at erase block size and erase block size boundaries. You tried a Micro SDHC Samsung with 32 GB with 30 and 31 open erase blocks. What is your suggestion here? Thanks, -- Martin 'Helios' Steigerwald - http://www.Lichtvoll.de GPG: 03B0 0D6C 0040 0710 4AFA B82F 991B EAAC A599 84C7

13 years, 2 months

1
0
0 0

Samsung Plus MB-SPAGFFP Class 10 SDHC 16GB

by Martin Steigerwald

Hi! My first results: martin@merkaba:~/Artikel/LinuxNewMedia/Flash/Recherche/flashbench> ./flashreport /dev/mmcblk0 ===> MMC card detected with erase block size of 524288 bytes <=== ==> find /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/ -maxdepth 1 -type f | xargs head <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d30303030301014a60ddf00b600 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b590000787d7f800a400000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800000000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 06/2011 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== 00000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x14a60ddf ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=00000 MODALIAS=mmc:block ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> fdisk -lu <== Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 16.2 GB, 16172187648 bytes 40 heads, 57 sectors/track, 13853 cylinders, total 31586304 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 8192 31586303 15789056 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) ==> sfdisk -d <== # partition table of /dev/mmcblk0 unit: sectors /dev/mmcblk0p1 : start= 8192, size= 31578112, Id= c /dev/mmcblk0p2 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0 /dev/mmcblk0p3 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0 /dev/mmcblk0p4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0 ===> Partition details <=== ==> file -sk /dev/mmcblk0 <== /dev/mmcblk0: sticky x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0xc, starthead 130, startsector 8192, 31578112 sectors, extended partition table (last)\011, code offset 0x0 ==> file -sk /dev/mmcblk0p1 <== /dev/mmcblk0p1: sticky x86 boot sector, code offset 0x0, OEM-ID " ", sectors/cluster 64, reserved sectors 484, Media descriptor 0xf8, heads 255, hidden sectors 8192, sectors 31578112 (volumes > 32 MB) , FAT (32 bit), sectors/FAT 3854, reserved3 0x800000, serial number 0xfc303da9, unlabeled ==> head -c20M | hexdump -C<== 00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001b0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 82 |................| 000001c0 03 00 0c 27 f9 ae 00 20 00 00 00 d8 e1 01 00 00 |...'... ........| 000001d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400000 eb 00 90 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 02 40 e4 01 |... ..@..| 00400010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 ff 00 00 20 00 00 |........?.... ..| 00400020 00 d8 e1 01 0e 0f 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |................| 00400030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00400040 80 00 29 a9 3d 30 fc 4e 4f 20 4e 41 4d 45 20 20 |..).=0.NO NAME | 00400050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 | FAT32 ......| 00400060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400200 52 52 61 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |RRaA............| 00400210 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004003e0 00 00 00 00 72 72 41 61 ff ff ff ff 02 00 00 00 |....rrAa........| 004003f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400400 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004005f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400600 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400c00 eb 00 90 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 02 40 e4 01 |... ..@..| 00400c10 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 ff 00 00 20 00 00 |........?.... ..| 00400c20 00 d8 e1 01 0e 0f 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |................| 00400c30 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00400c40 80 00 29 a9 3d 30 fc 4e 4f 20 4e 41 4d 45 20 20 |..).=0.NO NAME | 00400c50 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 | FAT32 ......| 00400c60 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400df0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400e00 52 52 61 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |RRaA............| 00400e10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400fe0 00 00 00 00 72 72 41 61 ff ff ff ff 02 00 00 00 |....rrAa........| 00400ff0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00401000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004011f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00401200 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 0043c800 f8 ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f 00 00 00 00 |................| 0043c810 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 0061e400 f8 ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f 00 00 00 00 |................| 0061e410 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 01400000 ===> Trying to find erase block size by read tests <=== ==> sudo flashbench -a --count=100 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 <== align 4294967296 pre 959µs on 1.24ms post 1.11ms diff 204µs align 2147483648 pre 936µs on 1.29ms post 1.08ms diff 280µs align 1073741824 pre 975µs on 1.3ms post 1.1ms diff 261µs align 536870912 pre 847µs on 1.16ms post 1.11ms diff 187µs align 268435456 pre 853µs on 1.16ms post 1.11ms diff 179µs align 134217728 pre 851µs on 1.15ms post 1.11ms diff 169µs align 67108864 pre 854µs on 1.16ms post 1.1ms diff 182µs align 33554432 pre 863µs on 1.15ms post 1.1ms diff 174µs align 16777216 pre 848µs on 1.15ms post 1.11ms diff 173µs align 8388608 pre 854µs on 1.15ms post 1.11ms diff 168µs align 4194304 pre 826µs on 1.14ms post 1.1ms diff 181µs align 2097152 pre 821µs on 1.07ms post 1.08ms diff 114µs align 1048576 pre 823µs on 1.07ms post 1.08ms diff 119µs align 524288 pre 832µs on 1.08ms post 1.08ms diff 126µs align 262144 pre 829µs on 1.08ms post 1.09ms diff 118µs align 131072 pre 815µs on 1.08ms post 1.09ms diff 127µs align 65536 pre 817µs on 1.07ms post 1.07ms diff 129µs align 32768 pre 823µs on 1.08ms post 1.07ms diff 135µs align 16384 pre 841µs on 1.09ms post 1.09ms diff 123µs align 8192 pre 827µs on 1.1ms post 1.1ms diff 133µs align 4096 pre 980µs on 987µs post 945µs diff 24.6µs align 2048 pre 1.05ms on 1.05ms post 1.02ms diff 16µs (See README for an explaination on how to interpret the values.) \nMedium is a memory card which reports 524288 bytes as erase block size and 4194304 bytes as preferred erase size. ===> Suggestions for further benchmarking <=== Further tests can show the number of open erase blocks the medium can support. BEWARE: These tests write onto the device! Make a backup first! Further tests could look as follows: flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=3 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=5 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=7 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=13 --erasesize=524288 --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] (Consult the README for further suggestions.) Arnd, would above suggestions by my script make some sense? I have seen you testing a 32 GB Samsung Micro SDHC with 30 and 31 erase blocks on this list. Please advice as to meaning ful tests for this device. What is the best for offset? I understand it makes sense for it to be dividable by erase block size. And what is about preferred erase size? What is the difference to erase block size? (Will post git repo for flashreport script in next post. Script is not yet tested for USB sticks :) Thanks, -- Martin 'Helios' Steigerwald - http://www.Lichtvoll.de GPG: 03B0 0D6C 0040 0710 4AFA B82F 991B EAAC A599 84C7

13 years, 2 months

1
1
0 0

DVR android 4.0 gps tablet

by Cngking

To ensure delivery of these Emails to your inbox, please add sales(a)gk-ing.com to your email address book. Dear : How are you?Xmas season recommend you our new arrival DVR android gps tablet. 1)7 inch 800*480 Solution. 2)300M Dailyroads voyager DVR camera on the back,300K Pixels CMOS on fron 3)Android 4.0 Operation system 4)512MB Ram,8GB flash 5)WIFI 802.11 a/b/g/n 6)Map:Google map ,Igo,navitel etc. Sample and small order available for you test before mass order.We also have many other models for your choice.For details pls visit http://www.gk-ing.com/products.html Waiting for your any feedback ,thank you! Best Regards Cngking G&K.Ing "We make miracle" ? Add:Rm 703.KingLihua Commercial Building,YiYuan Road,Bao"an ,ShenZhen,China Tel: 86(0)755 22208877 Fax:86(0)755 22141877 Website:www.gk-ing.com If you don't want to receive these Emails, please click unsubscribe.

13 years, 2 months

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Asus Phison SSD

by Christian Brandt

The first is the 4GB SSD and the second is the 8GB SSD inside my EEE 901 netbook. These old SSDs seem to be from the dumper side of SSD market and behave more like dump flash with little controller interference. My guess for the 4GB SSD: erase size 1 Megabyte, page size 2048 Byte My guess for the 8GB SSD: erase size 2 Megabyte, page size 2048 Byte Both perform well with up to 9 au, though 8 give a little more speed. Now I would only need to know how to translate this into fitting stride/stripe values... root@Microknoppix:/tmp/flashbench-HEAD-2e30b19# ./flashbench -a /dev/sda --blocksize=1024 align 1073741824 pre 641µs on 792µs post 567µs diff 187µs align 536870912 pre 683µs on 851µs post 577µs diff 221µs align 268435456 pre 657µs on 847µs post 564µs diff 236µs align 134217728 pre 626µs on 794µs post 525µs diff 218µs align 67108864 pre 666µs on 836µs post 582µs diff 212µs align 33554432 pre 573µs on 732µs post 571µs diff 160µs align 16777216 pre 577µs on 738µs post 572µs diff 163µs align 8388608 pre 565µs on 740µs post 563µs diff 176µs align 4194304 pre 580µs on 735µs post 562µs diff 164µs align 2097152 pre 552µs on 706µs post 522µs diff 169µs align 1048576 pre 565µs on 734µs post 547µs diff 178µs align 524288 pre 548µs on 640µs post 542µs diff 94.7µs align 262144 pre 546µs on 639µs post 540µs diff 96.1µs align 131072 pre 547µs on 640µs post 541µs diff 96.1µs align 65536 pre 536µs on 629µs post 528µs diff 96.7µs align 32768 pre 535µs on 626µs post 526µs diff 95.6µs align 16384 pre 534µs on 627µs post 527µs diff 97.2µs align 8192 pre 558µs on 654µs post 554µs diff 98µs align 4096 pre 536µs on 633µs post 528µs diff 101µs align 2048 pre 549µs on 546µs post 550µs diff -3781ns root@Microknoppix:/tmp/flashbench-HEAD-2e30b19# ./flashbench -a /dev/sdb --blocksize=1024 align 2147483648 pre 740µs on 890µs post 628µs diff 207µs align 1073741824 pre 732µs on 898µs post 603µs diff 231µs align 536870912 pre 740µs on 913µs post 590µs diff 248µs align 268435456 pre 716µs on 890µs post 596µs diff 234µs align 134217728 pre 694µs on 858µs post 586µs diff 218µs align 67108864 pre 598µs on 771µs post 575µs diff 184µs align 33554432 pre 619µs on 788µs post 590µs diff 184µs align 16777216 pre 624µs on 791µs post 591µs diff 184µs align 8388608 pre 613µs on 776µs post 578µs diff 180µs align 4194304 pre 619µs on 781µs post 584µs diff 179µs align 2097152 pre 617µs on 782µs post 574µs diff 187µs align 1048576 pre 631µs on 756µs post 632µs diff 125µs align 524288 pre 634µs on 747µs post 634µs diff 113µs align 262144 pre 619µs on 717µs post 599µs diff 108µs align 131072 pre 603µs on 722µs post 601µs diff 120µs align 65536 pre 627µs on 748µs post 629µs diff 120µs align 32768 pre 619µs on 743µs post 628µs diff 119µs align 16384 pre 619µs on 736µs post 621µs diff 116µs align 8192 pre 622µs on 733µs post 617µs diff 114µs align 4096 pre 598µs on 721µs post 587µs diff 128µs align 2048 pre 596µs on 596µs post 598µs diff -1092ns -- Christian Brandt life is short and in most cases it ends with death but my tombstone will carry the hiscore

13 years, 2 months

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Great deal from G&K.ing

by Cngking

To ensure delivery of these Emails to your inbox, please add sales(a)gk-ing.com to your email address book. Christmas Great deal G&K.Ing enterprise Co.,Ltd Great deal 7inch MID tablet Usd$56.50/pc 7"800*480 Multi-capacitance screen Allwinner A10 1.2G CPU 512MB ddr3/4GB flash Mid tablet G&K-M701 Built-in 3G/Analog TV/GPS/Bluetooth/Dual SIM card/MTK6575 A9, 1GHz/8GB flash $112.00/pcs G&K-702 Android 4.0 A13 1.2GB 4GB flash with camera $47.50/pcs G&K-901 Android 4.0 A13 1.2GB 8GB flash with camera $69.00/pcs High-end car Gps G&K-522 5"800*480 Bluetooth/FM/AVIN Car recorder 128MB/128MB $58.90/pcs G&K-536 5"800*480 Bluetooth/FM/AVIN 128MB/128MB High-end standard $47.50/pcs G&K-706 7"800*480 Bluetooth/FM/AVIN 128MB/128MB High-end standard $53.00/pcs Wifi USB 16GB-64GB 802.11 b/g/n R:10-20MB/S W:8-15MB/S USB Port*1 DC port*1 Usb flash drive Classical USB Flash Novel usb flash Food USB Flash Credit Card USB flash Leather USB Flash Crystal USB flash Cartoon usb flash Statement Dear Thank for your time .With the development of consumer Electronic, a phenomenon that nots allow to ignore, all the businessmen are in struggle price,low price means low materials cost. We only can promise our product ,We offered High-end device.our screen,battery, accessories...all produce with our conscience.hope give help for your business. Best Regards/G&K.Ing G&K.Ing Enterprise Co.,Ltd(Shenzhen.China) Tel: 860755-22208877 E-mail: sales(a)gk-ing.com http://gk-ing.en.alibaba.com/ www.gk-ing.com If you don't want to receive these Emails, please click unsubscribe.

13 years, 3 months

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samsung 32GB microSDHC class 10

by Arnd Bergmann

$ head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d303030303010771d8e8000c900 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b590000e9e57f800a404000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 09/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== 00000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 02b5800200000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x771d8e80 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=00000 MODALIAS=mmc:block $ sudo fdisk -lu /dev/mmcblk0 Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 31.4 GB, 31393316864 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3816 cylinders, total 61315072 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 8192 61315071 30653440 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) $ sudo hexdump -C /dev/mmcblk0 00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001b0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 82 |................| 000001c0 03 00 0c fe ff ff 00 20 00 00 00 78 a7 03 00 00 |....... ...x....| 000001d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400000 eb 00 90 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 02 40 8c 05 |... ..@..| 00400010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 ff 00 00 20 00 00 |........?.... ..| 00400020 00 78 a7 03 3a 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |.x..:...........| 00400030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00400040 80 00 29 f8 4e 16 90 4e 4f 20 4e 41 4d 45 20 20 |..).N..NO NAME | 00400050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 | FAT32 ......| 00400060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400200 52 52 61 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |RRaA............| 00400210 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004003e0 00 00 00 00 72 72 41 61 ff ff ff ff 02 00 00 00 |....rrAa........| 004003f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400400 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004005f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400600 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400c00 eb 00 90 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 02 40 8c 05 |... ..@..| 00400c10 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 ff 00 00 20 00 00 |........?.... ..| 00400c20 00 78 a7 03 3a 1d 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |.x..:...........| 00400c30 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00400c40 80 00 29 f8 4e 16 90 4e 4f 20 4e 41 4d 45 20 20 |..).N..NO NAME | 00400c50 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 | FAT32 ......| 00400c60 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400df0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00400e00 52 52 61 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |RRaA............| 00400e10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00400fe0 00 00 00 00 72 72 41 61 ff ff ff ff 02 00 00 00 |....rrAa........| 00400ff0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00401000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004011f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00401200 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 004b1800 f8 ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f 00 00 00 00 |................| 004b1810 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00858c00 f8 ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f ff ff ff 0f 00 00 00 00 |................| 00858c10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 00c08000 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................| * $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=31 --erasesize=$[512 * 1024] --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] 512KiB 5.5M/s 256KiB 8.3M/s 128KiB 7.71M/s 64KiB 7.08M/s 32KiB 5.08M/s 16KiB 2.92M/s 8KiB 1.29M/s 4KiB 660K/s 2KiB 344K/s 1KiB 173K/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=30 --erasesize=$[512 * 1024] --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] 512KiB 9.2M/s 256KiB 8.42M/s 128KiB 8.4M/s 64KiB 9.05M/s 32KiB 7.38M/s 16KiB 4.67M/s 8KiB 3.68M/s 4KiB 2.58M/s 2KiB 1.52M/s 1KiB 874K/s $ sudo ./flashbench --open-au --open-au-nr=30 --erasesize=$[512 * 1024] --blocksize=1024 /dev/mmcblk0 --offset=$[24*1024*1024] --random 512KiB 8.78M/s 256KiB 7.82M/s 128KiB 8.93M/s 64KiB 8.68M/s 32KiB 6.95M/s 16KiB 4.85M/s 8KiB 2.41M/s 4KiB 1.3M/s 2KiB 649K/s

13 years, 3 months

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8GB SanDisk Extreme SDHC

by Holger Bast

Hi there, I tested a brandnew 8GB SanDisk Extreme SDHC, class 10. erase block size: 4MB block size: ?? open erase blocks: 6 Bye, Holger ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 035344534430384780310a033a00c100 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900003b377f800a404000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 01/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x8 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000003 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== SD08G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x5344 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800100000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x310a033a ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SD08G MODALIAS=mmc:block Original partition table: Disk /dev/sdd: 7948 MB, 7948206080 bytes 81 heads, 10 sectors/track, 19165 cylinders, total 15523840 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 8192 15523839 7757824 b W95 FAT32 ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 align 2147483648 pre 1.06ms on 1.41ms post 1.13ms diff 317µs align 1073741824 pre 1.02ms on 1.39ms post 1.14ms diff 308µs align 536870912 pre 937µs on 1.36ms post 1.03ms diff 377µs align 268435456 pre 1.05ms on 1.4ms post 1.12ms diff 310µs align 134217728 pre 1.04ms on 1.41ms post 1.12ms diff 332µs align 67108864 pre 1.02ms on 1.38ms post 1.12ms diff 312µs align 33554432 pre 1.01ms on 1.43ms post 1.11ms diff 373µs align 16777216 pre 1.03ms on 1.4ms post 1.09ms diff 343µs align 8388608 pre 1.15ms on 1.57ms post 1.08ms diff 451µs align 4194304 pre 1.33ms on 1.73ms post 1.33ms diff 396µs align 2097152 pre 1.2ms on 1.21ms post 1.22ms diff 1.92µs align 1048576 pre 1.21ms on 1.22ms post 1.21ms diff 8.04µs align 524288 pre 1.2ms on 1.24ms post 1.22ms diff 30.4µs align 262144 pre 1.21ms on 1.22ms post 1.23ms diff 1.48µs align 131072 pre 1.21ms on 1.23ms post 1.22ms diff 9.99µs align 65536 pre 1.2ms on 1.22ms post 1.21ms diff 9.37µs align 32768 pre 1.21ms on 1.23ms post 1.2ms diff 25.5µs align 16384 pre 1.22ms on 1.23ms post 1.21ms diff 14.3µs align 8192 pre 1.22ms on 1.21ms post 1.22ms diff -10224n align 4096 pre 1.2ms on 1.2ms post 1.2ms diff 2.93µs align 2048 pre 1.22ms on 1.21ms post 1.23ms diff -16677n RANDOM TESTS ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=1 --random 4MiB 20.5M/s 2MiB 20.3M/s 1MiB 19.8M/s 512KiB 6.35M/s 256KiB 2.37M/s 128KiB 1.16M/s 64KiB 662K/s 32KiB 312K/s 16KiB 257K/s 8KiB 1.66M/s 4KiB 913K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=2 --random 4MiB 20.2M/s 2MiB 20.3M/s 1MiB 20M/s 512KiB 6.43M/s 256KiB 2.38M/s 128KiB 1.16M/s 64KiB 662K/s 32KiB 312K/s 16KiB 236K/s 8KiB 1.61M/s 4KiB 880K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=3 --random 4MiB 20.2M/s 2MiB 20M/s 1MiB 19.9M/s 512KiB 6.45M/s 256KiB 2.37M/s 128KiB 1.16M/s 64KiB 662K/s 32KiB 313K/s 16KiB 254K/s 8KiB 1.58M/s 4KiB 865K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=4 --random 4MiB 20.4M/s 2MiB 20.3M/s 1MiB 20.1M/s 512KiB 6.38M/s 256KiB 2.38M/s 128KiB 1.16M/s 64KiB 662K/s 32KiB 312K/s 16KiB 245K/s 8KiB 1.58M/s 4KiB 864K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=5 --random 4MiB 20.4M/s 2MiB 20.2M/s 1MiB 20.2M/s 512KiB 6.44M/s 256KiB 2.37M/s 128KiB 1.16M/s 64KiB 662K/s 32KiB 312K/s 16KiB 264K/s 8KiB 1.58M/s 4KiB 864K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=6 --random 4MiB 20.4M/s 2MiB 20.2M/s 1MiB 20.1M/s 512KiB 6.38M/s 256KiB 2.37M/s 128KiB 1.16M/s 64KiB 662K/s 32KiB 312K/s 16KiB 241K/s 8KiB 1.52M/s 4KiB 856K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=7 --random 4MiB 20.4M/s 2MiB 11.1M/s 1MiB 4.4M/s 512KiB 2.06M/s 256KiB 2.24M/s 128KiB 1.15M/s 64KiB 661K/s 32KiB 311K/s 16KiB 259K/s 8KiB 1.45M/s 4KiB 858K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=8 --random 4MiB 20.4M/s 2MiB 11.2M/s 1MiB 4.37M/s 512KiB 2.05M/s 256KiB 1.01M/s 128KiB 499K/s 64KiB 249K/s 32KiB 125K/s 16KiB 278K/s 8KiB 1.4M/s 4KiB 862K/s LINEAR TESTS ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=1 4MiB 20.2M/s 2MiB 20.3M/s 1MiB 20.4M/s 512KiB 20.3M/s 256KiB 20M/s 128KiB 19.1M/s 64KiB 19.2M/s 32KiB 16.9M/s 16KiB 13.9M/s 8KiB 9.94M/s 4KiB 7.07M/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=2 4MiB 20.6M/s 2MiB 20.4M/s 1MiB 20.1M/s 512KiB 19.7M/s 256KiB 18.6M/s 128KiB 17M/s 64KiB 18M/s 32KiB 12.5M/s 16KiB 8.61M/s 8KiB 4.42M/s 4KiB 2.01M/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=3 4MiB 20.5M/s 2MiB 20M/s 1MiB 20.2M/s 512KiB 19.6M/s 256KiB 18.6M/s 128KiB 16.9M/s 64KiB 18M/s 32KiB 12.4M/s 16KiB 8.5M/s 8KiB 3.97M/s 4KiB 1.98M/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=4 4MiB 20.5M/s 2MiB 20.3M/s 1MiB 20M/s 512KiB 19.6M/s 256KiB 18.5M/s 128KiB 16.9M/s 64KiB 18M/s 32KiB 12.3M/s 16KiB 8.54M/s 8KiB 4.38M/s 4KiB 1.97M/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=5 4MiB 20.5M/s 2MiB 20.2M/s 1MiB 20M/s 512KiB 19.6M/s 256KiB 18.5M/s 128KiB 16.9M/s 64KiB 18M/s 32KiB 12.4M/s 16KiB 8.52M/s 8KiB 4.11M/s 4KiB 1.96M/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=6 4MiB 20.6M/s 2MiB 20.3M/s 1MiB 20.1M/s 512KiB 19.6M/s 256KiB 18.6M/s 128KiB 16.9M/s 64KiB 17.9M/s 32KiB 12.3M/s 16KiB 8.48M/s 8KiB 4.13M/s 4KiB 2.04M/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=7 4MiB 20.3M/s 2MiB 11.5M/s 1MiB 4.41M/s 512KiB 2.06M/s 256KiB 9.22M/s 128KiB 16.9M/s 64KiB 18.1M/s 32KiB 12.3M/s 16KiB 8.48M/s 8KiB 4.16M/s 4KiB 1.95M/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=4096 --open-au-nr=8 4MiB 20.4M/s 2MiB 11.7M/s 1MiB 4.4M/s 512KiB 2.06M/s 256KiB 1.01M/s 128KiB 499K/s 64KiB 249K/s 32KiB 125K/s 16KiB 973K/s 8KiB 453K/s 4KiB 411K/s ./flashbench /dev/sdc -f --erasesize=4194304 4MiB 19.7M/s 18.9M/s 20.3M/s 20.4M/s 20M/s 20.3M/s 2MiB 20.5M/s 18.9M/s 19.8M/s 20.6M/s 20.2M/s 20.6M/s 1MiB 20.4M/s 19M/s 20.1M/s 20.2M/s 20.5M/s 20.2M/s 512KiB 20.3M/s 19.2M/s 19.8M/s 20.2M/s 20.2M/s 20.2M/s 256KiB 19.9M/s 18.9M/s 19.4M/s 19.8M/s 19.6M/s 19.6M/s 128KiB 19M/s 17.9M/s 18.7M/s 18.9M/s 19.1M/s 18.8M/s 64KiB 18.9M/s 17.9M/s 18.2M/s 18.9M/s 18.9M/s 18.9M/s 32KiB 16.7M/s 15.9M/s 16.5M/s 16.6M/s 16.5M/s 16.5M/s 16KiB 13.8M/s 13.1M/s 13.9M/s 13.6M/s 13.7M/s 13.6M/s

13 years, 4 months

1
0
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8GB no-name class4 mini-SDHC

by Holger Bast

Hi again, I've tested another SDHC card. But this time it was a class-4 mini-SDHC with 8GB. The card is a very cheap one from the German drugstore DM. (No, usually I do not buy my electronics in drugstores ;-) - just a backup card.) Ok, here are the results. I'm not sure, if my interpretation of them is right. I've read, that the choice of the underlaying filesystem depends on the amount of open erase blocks. Is there any rule of best practice for choosing the right filesystem for a particular sd card? Some feedback would be nice! Bye, Holger $ fdisk -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 7948 MB, 7948206080 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 966 cylinders, total 15523840 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 $ ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 align 2147483648 pre 825µs on 1.19ms post 851µs diff 347µs align 1073741824 pre 841µs on 1.18ms post 830µs diff 341µs align 536870912 pre 821µs on 1.14ms post 779µs diff 341µs align 268435456 pre 842µs on 1.18ms post 818µs diff 346µs align 134217728 pre 832µs on 1.16ms post 799µs diff 346µs align 67108864 pre 860µs on 1.16ms post 822µs diff 321µs align 33554432 pre 832µs on 1.15ms post 802µs diff 331µs align 16777216 pre 783µs on 1.16ms post 824µs diff 359µs align 8388608 pre 807µs on 1.1ms post 781µs diff 303µs align 4194304 pre 817µs on 1.14ms post 786µs diff 340µs align 2097152 pre 847µs on 924µs post 791µs diff 105µs align 1048576 pre 791µs on 935µs post 807µs diff 136µs align 524288 pre 826µs on 906µs post 823µs diff 81.9µs align 262144 pre 810µs on 926µs post 826µs diff 108µs align 131072 pre 832µs on 913µs post 801µs diff 96.5µs align 65536 pre 819µs on 922µs post 830µs diff 97.2µs align 32768 pre 831µs on 941µs post 807µs diff 122µs align 16384 pre 772µs on 918µs post 820µs diff 122µs align 8192 pre 798µs on 845µs post 837µs diff 27µs align 4096 pre 794µs on 823µs post 806µs diff 22.2µs align 2048 pre 836µs on 850µs post 801µs diff 31.7µs ## Looks like 4MB erase blocksize and 16KB page size?? $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=1 4MiB 5.41M/s 2MiB 8.97M/s 1MiB 5.98M/s 512KiB 17.1M/s 256KiB 10.9M/s 128KiB 4.25M/s 64KiB 2.13M/s 32KiB 1.06M/s 16KiB 545K/s 8KiB 2.07M/s 4KiB 1.76M/s $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=2 4MiB 8.21M/s 2MiB 5.75M/s 1MiB 18.5M/s 512KiB 16.8M/s 256KiB 10.7M/s 128KiB 4.26M/s 64KiB 2.11M/s 32KiB 1.06M/s 16KiB 545K/s 8KiB 2.05M/s 4KiB 1.69M/s $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=3 4MiB 9.18M/s 2MiB 19.1M/s 1MiB 18.7M/s 512KiB 16.5M/s 256KiB 10.8M/s 128KiB 4.23M/s 64KiB 2.11M/s 32KiB 1.06M/s 16KiB 544K/s 8KiB 1.99M/s 4KiB 1.67M/s $./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=4 4MiB 10.6M/s 2MiB 19.3M/s 1MiB 18.6M/s 512KiB 16.6M/s 256KiB 10.9M/s 128KiB 4.24M/s 64KiB 2.11M/s 32KiB 1.06M/s 16KiB 544K/s 8KiB 1.86M/s 4KiB 1.53M/s $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=5 4MiB 6.1M/s 2MiB 6.68M/s 1MiB 4.39M/s 512KiB 2.96M/s 256KiB 1.95M/s 128KiB 1.02M/s 64KiB 570K/s 32KiB 334K/s 16KiB 167K/s 8KiB 1M/s 4KiB 1.14M/s $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=6 4MiB 7.5M/s 2MiB 4.69M/s 1MiB 3.38M/s 512KiB 2.02M/s 256KiB 1.22M/s 128KiB 688K/s 64KiB 406K/s ^C ## Looks like 4. $./flashbench /dev/sdc -f --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] 4MiB 4.11M/s 17.4M/s 16.9M/s 5.62M/s 5.18M/s 5.2M/s 2MiB 5.02M/s 17.6M/s 17.2M/s 5.32M/s 5.03M/s 5.21M/s 1MiB 5.28M/s 17.2M/s 17.2M/s 5.53M/s 5.21M/s 5M/s 512KiB 5.04M/s 17.4M/s 5.07M/s 5.21M/s 5.27M/s 5.01M/s 256KiB 5.19M/s 17.1M/s 5.02M/s 5.21M/s 5.02M/s 5.21M/s 128KiB 2.35M/s 16.6M/s 4.96M/s 5.22M/s 4.99M/s 5.18M/s 64KiB 4.98M/s 16.6M/s 5.21M/s 4.91M/s 4.97M/s 5.21M/s 32KiB 2.31M/s 14.8M/s 5.11M/s 4.92M/s 5.12M/s 5.2M/s 16KiB 4.81M/s 12.4M/s 5.07M/s 5M/s 5M/s 4.82M/s ## Looks like the second and the third block were faster than the others.

13 years, 4 months

2
1
0 0

32GB Transcend SDHC

by Holger Bast

Hi, I'm new to the topic of flash benchmarking. I came across reading several articles about this topic, like these in the German Linux Magazin, issue 07/12 and Arnd's linked article on lwn. I'm currently playing around with a Raspberry Pi that needs a SD card to boot from. (first partition FAT32 for the kernel, second something like ext3/ext4 for the rootfs). I would like to get the 'best' perfomance out of it, so I also had a look at the flashbench tool. I made some tests with my 32GB Transcend SDHC card and found out, that the card has a 8MB erase block size and 8KB pages and can handle up to 5 open-au's. (results are listed below) So what next? The next step for me is to find out, how to align the partitions correctly. I already talked to Andrew (thx! I was wrong with the erase block size.) who send me the following link that points to a script that creates two partitions and aligns them correctly. Is there anything else I can do? ...or am I wrong? Bye, Holger -- $ fdisk -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 32.5 GB, 32462864384 bytes 64 Köpfe, 32 Sektoren/Spur, 30959 Zylinder, zusammen 63404032 Sektoren Einheiten = Sektoren von 1 × 512 = 512 Bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000c0bcb $ ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 align 8589934592 pre 1.04ms on 1.59ms post 1.32ms diff 402µs align 4294967296 pre 1.04ms on 1.67ms post 1.33ms diff 485µs align 2147483648 pre 1.03ms on 1.64ms post 1.31ms diff 468µs align 1073741824 pre 1.02ms on 1.48ms post 1.33ms diff 309µs align 536870912 pre 1.02ms on 1.5ms post 1.35ms diff 320µs align 268435456 pre 1.02ms on 1.49ms post 1.28ms diff 338µs align 134217728 pre 1.02ms on 1.49ms post 1.34ms diff 314µs align 67108864 pre 1.04ms on 1.48ms post 1.27ms diff 332µs align 33554432 pre 1.01ms on 1.5ms post 1.32ms diff 330µs align 16777216 pre 1.04ms on 1.5ms post 1.28ms diff 347µs align 8388608 pre 995µs on 1.51ms post 1.31ms diff 354µs align 4194304 pre 1.02ms on 1.35ms post 1.3ms diff 189µs align 2097152 pre 1.05ms on 1.39ms post 1.31ms diff 209µs align 1048576 pre 1.04ms on 1.37ms post 1.29ms diff 203µs align 524288 pre 1.02ms on 1.36ms post 1.32ms diff 192µs align 262144 pre 1.01ms on 1.33ms post 1.31ms diff 176µs align 131072 pre 1.03ms on 1.35ms post 1.31ms diff 182µs align 65536 pre 1.01ms on 1.33ms post 1.26ms diff 195µs align 32768 pre 1.04ms on 1.37ms post 1.29ms diff 203µs align 16384 pre 1.04ms on 1.36ms post 1.28ms diff 204µs align 8192 pre 1.02ms on 1.3ms post 1.27ms diff 154µs align 4096 pre 1.17ms on 1.16ms post 1.11ms diff 22.6µs align 2048 pre 1.25ms on 1.24ms post 1.2ms diff 20.2µs ## For me it looks like 8MB erase block size and a 8KB page size. With that in mind, I made the following tests: $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=3 --random 8MiB 17M/s 4MiB 17.2M/s 2MiB 16.5M/s 1MiB 15.9M/s 512KiB 15M/s 256KiB 13.1M/s 128KiB 10.7M/s 64KiB 10.9M/s 32KiB 7.84M/s 16KiB 4.87M/s 8KiB 1.79M/s $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=4 --random 8MiB 17.4M/s 4MiB 17.1M/s 2MiB 16.8M/s 1MiB 16M/s 512KiB 15M/s 256KiB 13.4M/s 128KiB 10.8M/s 64KiB 10.9M/s 32KiB 7.89M/s 16KiB 4.87M/s 8KiB 1.79M/s $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=5 --random 8MiB 10.3M/s 4MiB 17.1M/s 2MiB 16.7M/s 1MiB 16.2M/s 512KiB 15M/s 256KiB 13.3M/s 128KiB 10.9M/s 64KiB 11M/s 32KiB 7.95M/s 16KiB 4.48M/s 8KiB 1.8M/s $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[8*1024] --open-au-nr=6 --random 8MiB 13.4M/s 4MiB 4.27M/s 2MiB 2.26M/s 1MiB 1.2M/s 512KiB 621K/s ^C ## And this looks like 5 open-au in random mode. $ ./flashbench /dev/sdc -f --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] 8MiB 17.2M/s 17.8M/s 17.1M/s 17.8M/s 17.5M/s 17.5M/s 4MiB 16.9M/s 17.7M/s 17M/s 17.8M/s 17.5M/s 17.5M/s 2MiB 16.8M/s 17.6M/s 17M/s 17.6M/s 17.5M/s 17.4M/s 1MiB 16.7M/s 17.6M/s 17M/s 17.5M/s 17.4M/s 17.5M/s 512KiB 16.6M/s 17.2M/s 17.4M/s 17.1M/s 16.9M/s 16.5M/s 256KiB 16.4M/s 17M/s 17.2M/s 16.9M/s 16.6M/s 16.6M/s 128KiB 16.5M/s 16.2M/s 16.6M/s 16.3M/s 16.1M/s 16.1M/s 64KiB 16.5M/s 17.1M/s 16.4M/s 17.2M/s 17M/s 17M/s 32KiB 15.4M/s 16.3M/s 15.5M/s 16.1M/s 16M/s 16.1M/s 16KiB 13M/s 13.5M/s 13.2M/s 13.5M/s 13.5M/s 13.5M/s

13 years, 4 months

1
0
0 0

Transcend JetFlash 500 32GB USB Flash Drive

by Jaroslav Martínek

Hello again, I have another device to test: # Product info: http://www.transcend-info.com/Products/CatList.asp?ModNo=274 $ lsusb Bus 001 Device 006: ID 8564:1000 $ fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 32.5 GB, 32451330048 bytes 16 heads, 48 sectors/track, 82528 cylinders, total 63381504 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xc3072e18 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 18160 63381503 31681672 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) # This is with factory partitioning $ sudo flashbench -a /dev/sdb --blocksize=1024 --count=100 align 8589934592 pre 528µs on 603µs post 547µs diff 65.8µs align 4294967296 pre 523µs on 575µs post 522µs diff 52.5µs align 2147483648 pre 550µs on 635µs post 551µs diff 84.2µs align 1073741824 pre 573µs on 640µs post 565µs diff 71.2µs align 536870912 pre 543µs on 608µs post 562µs diff 55.3µs align 268435456 pre 536µs on 574µs post 530µs diff 40.9µs align 134217728 pre 558µs on 607µs post 549µs diff 53.1µs align 67108864 pre 532µs on 577µs post 515µs diff 53.6µs align 33554432 pre 568µs on 629µs post 561µs diff 64.6µs align 16777216 pre 536µs on 598µs post 533µs diff 63.4µs align 8388608 pre 556µs on 619µs post 556µs diff 62.7µs align 4194304 pre 566µs on 620µs post 539µs diff 67.5µs align 2097152 pre 565µs on 604µs post 567µs diff 38µs align 1048576 pre 568µs on 606µs post 567µs diff 38.7µs align 524288 pre 563µs on 602µs post 562µs diff 39.7µs align 262144 pre 567µs on 596µs post 551µs diff 37.5µs align 131072 pre 564µs on 594µs post 553µs diff 35.6µs align 65536 pre 553µs on 594µs post 563µs diff 35.3µs align 32768 pre 555µs on 596µs post 563µs diff 36.6µs align 16384 pre 557µs on 595µs post 566µs diff 33.4µs align 8192 pre 561µs on 572µs post 553µs diff 15.1µs align 4096 pre 556µs on 566µs post 565µs diff 6.04µs align 2048 pre 553µs on 565µs post 568µs diff 4.85µs # Okay, I think this indicates 4MB erase blocks (and 16kB page size), so let's try it with open AUs $ sudo flashbench /dev/sdb --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] -- blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 --random 4MiB 17.7M/s 2MiB 17.8M/s 1MiB 17.8M/s 512KiB 2.49M/s 256KiB 17.2M/s 128KiB 16M/s 64KiB 13M/s 32KiB 2.19M/s 16KiB 6.37M/s 8KiB 2.54M/s 4KiB 825K/s $ sudo flashbench /dev/sdb --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] -- blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=4 --random Password: 4MiB 17.5M/s 2MiB 17.3M/s 1MiB 4.29M/s 512KiB 4.31M/s 256KiB 16.5M/s 128KiB 14.4M/s 64KiB 4M/s 32KiB 3.42M/s 16KiB 5.74M/s 8KiB 1.68M/s 4KiB 785K/s $ sudo flashbench /dev/sdb --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] -- blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=6 --random 4MiB 17.5M/s 2MiB 17M/s 1MiB 3.47M/s 512KiB 16.5M/s 256KiB 16.4M/s 128KiB 13M/s 64KiB 3.24M/s 32KiB 8.26M/s 16KiB 5.68M/s 8KiB 1.3M/s 4KiB 786K/s # Seems OK so far, but the speed randomly drops under different sizes between tests, sometimes it's a bit shaky like this: $ sudo flashbench /dev/sdb --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] -- blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=6 --random 4MiB 5.8M/s 2MiB 17.3M/s 1MiB 3.47M/s 512KiB 15.9M/s 256KiB 5.52M/s 128KiB 12.8M/s 64KiB 3.24M/s 32KiB 8.19M/s 16KiB 3.43M/s 8KiB 1.52M/s 4KiB 775K/s # Does this indicate something or it's just device's feature? # With more open AUs it's slow, also with bigger erase size $ sudo flashbench /dev/sdb --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] -- blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=7 --random 4MiB 2.51M/s 2MiB 1.37M/s 1MiB 711K/s 512KiB 362K/s ^C # Here it's clear... $ sudo flashbench /dev/sdb --open-au --erasesize=$[8*1024*1024] -- blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=6 --random 8MiB 5.93M/s 4MiB 4.38M/s 2MiB 17.4M/s 1MiB 4.34M/s 512KiB 16M/s 256KiB 4.21M/s 128KiB 13.8M/s 64KiB 3.97M/s 32KiB 8.26M/s 16KiB 2.88M/s # But here I'm not sure, I think it should me much slower if the erase size is 4MB, becouse it would use two erase blocks. So maybe erase size is bigger than 4MB?

13 years, 4 months

1
0
0 0

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